List of birds of Morocco

List of birds of Morocco

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Morocco. The avifauna of Morocco includes a total of 454 species (Bergier & Thévenot 2006), of which five have been introduced by humans, and 156 are rare or accidental. Five species listed are extinct in Morocco and are not included in the species count. Fifteen species are globally threatened.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of the West Palearctic List Committee. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflects this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Morocco.

The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories. Not all species fall into one of these categories. Those that do not are commonly occurring, native species.

  • (A) Accidental. A species that only rarely occurs in Morocco; records of these species require formal acceptance by the Commission d’Homologation Marocaine (Moroccan Rare Birds Committee).
  • (I) Introduced. A species introduced to Morocco as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions.
  • (Ex) Extinct. A species that no longer occurs in Morocco although populations may exist elsewhere.


Table of contents

Non-passerines: Ostriches . Swans, geese and ducks . Pheasants and partridges . Guineafowl . Divers . Grebes . Albatrosses . Shearwaters and petrels . Storm-petrels . Gannets and boobies . Cormorants . Darters . Pelicans . Bitterns, herons and egrets . Storks . Ibises and spoonbills . Flamingos . Osprey . Kites, hawks and eagles . Falcons . Buttonquails . Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots . Cranes . Bustards . Painted snipes . Oystercatchers . Avocets and stilts . Thick-knees . Pratincoles and coursers . Plovers and lapwings . Sandpipers and allies . Skuas . Gulls . Terns . Skimmers . Auks . Sandgrouse . Pigeons and doves . Parrots . Cuckoos . Barn owls . Typical owls . Nightjars . Swifts . Kingfishers . Bee-eaters . Rollers . Hoopoes . Woodpeckers .

Passerines: Larks . Swallows and martins . Wagtails and pipits . Bulbuls . Dippers . Wrens . Accentors . Thrushes and allies . Cisticolas and allies . Old World warblers . Kinglets . Old World flycatchers . Parrotbills . Babblers . Long-tailed tits . Tits . Nuthatches . Wallcreeper . Treecreepers . Penduline tits . Orioles . Bushshrikes . Shrikes . Crows, ravens, jays and magpies . Starlings . Sparrows . Waxbills . Finches . Vireos . New World warblers . Buntings .

See also        References

Ostriches

Order: Struthioniformes. Family: Struthionidae

The Ostrich is a flightless bird native to Africa. It is the largest living species of bird. It is distinctive in its appearance, with a long neck and legs and the ability to run at high speeds. It became extinct in Morocco some time before 1990 (Snow & Perrins 1998); a re-introduction programme is in progress (National Environment Observatory of Morocco 2001).

Swans, geese and ducks

Order: Anseriformes. Family: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as swans and geese. There are 131 species worldwide, of which 39 species occur in Morocco.

Pheasants and partridges

Order: Galliformes. Family: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, francolins, and pheasants. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide, of which 4 species occur in Morocco.

Guineafowl

Order: Galliformes. Family: Numididae

Guineafowl are a group of African birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage. There are 6 species worldwide, of which 1 species (extinct since about 1980) occurred in Morocco.

Divers

Order: Gaviiformes. Family: Gaviidae

Divers are group of aquatic birds found in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere. There are 5 species worldwide, of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes. Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. There are 20 species worldwide, of which 4 species occur in Morocco.

Albatrosses

Order: Procellariiformes. Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds. There are 21 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes. Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with a medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species worldwide, of which 10 species occur in Morocco.

Storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes. Family: Hydrobatidae

The storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels, and are the smallest of sea-birds. There are 21 species worldwide, of which 5 species occur in Morocco.

Gannets and boobies

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide, of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Cormorants

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. There are 38 species worldwide, of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Darters

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Anhingidae

Darters are water birds with a distinctive long slender neck and bill. There are 4 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. There are 8 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

  • Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus (A)

Bitterns, herons and egrets

Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. There are 61 species worldwide, of which 10 species occur in Morocco.

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. There are 36 species worldwide of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes. Family: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 1-1.5 m high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. There are 6 species worldwide of which 2 species occur in Morocco.

Kites, hawks and eagles

Order: Falconiformes. Family: Accipitridae

The Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. There are 233 species worldwide, of which 29 species occur in Morocco. Lammergeier, Dark Chanting Goshawk, and Tawny Eagle are all close to extinction in Morocco.

Osprey

Order: Falconiformes. Family: Pandionidae

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey, a medium large bird of prey with a worldwide distribution.

Falcons

Order: Falconiformes. Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide, of which 11 species occur in Morocco.

Buttonquails

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Turnicidae

The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. There are 16 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco; it is close to extinction in Morocco.

Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. There are 143 species worldwide, of which 11 species occur in Morocco.

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. There are 15 species worldwide, of which 2 species occur in Morocco, though Demoiselle Crane has been extinct since 1985.

Bustards

Order: Gruiformes. Family: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. There are 26 species worldwide, of which 4 species occur in Morocco. Arabian Bustard has been extinct in Morocco since about 1985, and Houbara Bustard is close to extinction.

Painted snipes

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rostratulidae

Painted Snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

  • Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Avocets and stilts

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. There are 9 species worldwide, of which 2 species occur in Morocco.

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

  • Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide, of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. There are 66 species worldwide, of which 11 species occur in Morocco.

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized waders including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide, of which 39 species occur in Morocco.

Skuas

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. There are 7 species worldwide, of which 4 species occur in Morocco.

Gulls

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. There are 55 species worldwide, of which 20 species occur in Morocco.

Terns

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Sternidae

Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. There are 44 species worldwide, of which 15 species occur in Morocco.

Skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rynchopidae

Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. There are 3 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Auks

Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Alcidae

Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest. There are 24 species worldwide, of which 4 species occur in Morocco.

Sandgrouse

Order: Pterocliformes. Family: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. There are 16 species worldwide, of 5 which species occur in Morocco.

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes. Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide, of which 7 species occur in Morocco.

Parrots

Order: Psittaciformes. Family: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. There are 335 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes. Family: Cuculidae

The cuckoos are birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. There are 138 species worldwide, of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Barn owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Tytonidae

Barn Owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. There are 16 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Typical owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Strigidae

Typical Owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. There are 195 species worldwide, of which 7 species occur in Morocco.

Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes. Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills. There are 86 species worldwide, of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Swifts

Order: Apodiformes. Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. There are 98 species worldwide, of which 7 species occur in Morocco.

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Bee-eaters

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. There are 26 species worldwide, of which 2 species occur in Morocco.

Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. There are 12 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Hoopoes

Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: Piciformes. Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues. There are 218 species worldwide, of which 3 species occur in Morocco.

Larks

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds, mostly fairly dull in appearance. There are 91 species worldwide, of which 15 species occur in Morocco.

Swallows and martins

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. There are 75 species worldwide, of which 7 species occur in Morocco.

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Motacillidae

The Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails and pipits. There are 54 species worldwide, of which 11 species occur in Morocco.

Bulbuls

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. There are 130 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds which specialise in feeding in running water. There are 5 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Troglodytidae

The wrens have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. There are 80 species worldwide (all but one in the New World); 1 species occurs in Morocco.

  • Wren Troglodytes troglodytes

Accentors

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Prunellidae

The accentors are in the only bird family which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. There are 13 species worldwide, of which 2 species occur in Morocco.

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. There are 335 species worldwide, of which 26 species occur in Morocco.

Cisticolas and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer regions of the Old World. There are 111 species worldwide, of which 2 species occur in Morocco.

Old World warblers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. There are 291 species worldwide, of which 35 species occur in Morocco.

Kinglets

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Regulidae

The kinglets or crests are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status. There are 7 species worldwide, of which 2 species occur in Morocco.

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. There 274 species worldwide, of which 5 species occur in Morocco.

Parrotbills

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paradoxornithidae

The parrotbills are a group of birds mainly native to east and southeast Asia. They are generally small, long-tailed birds which inhabit reedbeds and similar habitats. There are 20 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Babblers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Timaliidae

The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Long-tailed tits

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed Tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. There are 9 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Tits

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. There are 59 species worldwide, of which 4 species occur in Morocco.

Nuthatches

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. There are 24 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Wallcreeper

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Tichodromidae

The Wallcreeper is a small bird with crimson, grey and black plumage, related to the nuthatches.

Treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. There are 6 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Penduline tits

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Remizidae

The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. There are 13 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Old World orioles

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Oriolidae

The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds, not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Bushshrikes

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Malaconotidae

Bushshrikes are similar in habits to shrikes, hunting insects and other small prey from a perch on a bush. There are 46 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions on thorns. There are 31 species worldwide, of which 5 species occur in Morocco.

Crows, ravens, jays and magpies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Corvidae

The Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, and magpies. There are 120 species worldwide, of which 9 species occur in Morocco.

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. There are 125 species worldwide, of which 2 species occur in Morocco.

Sparrows

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds. There are 35 species worldwide, of which 5 species occur in Morocco.

Waxbills

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. There are 141 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Vireos

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. There are 52 species worldwide, of which 1 species occurs in Morocco.

Finches

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds. There are 137 species worldwide, of which 15 species occur in Morocco.

Buntings

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Emberizidae

The buntings are a large family of passerine birds. There are species 275 worldwide, of which 9 species occur in Morocco.

See also

References

External links


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