Antibody dependent enhancement

Antibody dependent enhancement

Antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) occurs when antiviral antibodies enhance viral entry into host cells, leading to increased infectivity in the host cells.

ADE in dengue fever

The most common example of ADE occurs during dengue infection. There are four serotypes of the dengue virus, numbered from 1 to 4. ADE occurs when a patient suffering from a dengue infection is infected with a different serotype of the dengue virus. These patients have severe clinical outcomes and high viremia compared with other dengue sufferers.fact|date=July 2008

Mechanism

There are several possibilities to explain the phenomenon:
# A viral surface protein laced with antibodies against a virus of one serotype binds to a similar virus with a different serotype. The binding is meant to neutralize the virus surface protein from attaching to the cell, but the antibody bound to virus also binds to the receptor of the cell, the Fc-region antibody receptor clarifyme. This brings the virus into close proximity to the virus-specific receptor, and the cell endocytoses the virus through the normal infection route. [Takada & Kawaoka, Rev. Med. Virol. 2003, vol 13, p387]
# A virus surface protein may be attached to antibodies of a different serotype, activating the classical pathway of the complement system. The complement cascade system instead binds C1q attached to the virus surface protein via the antibodies, which in turn bind C1q receptor found on cells, bringing the virus and the cell close enough for a specific virus receptor to bind the virus, beginning infection.fact|date=July 2008
# When an antibody to a virus is present for a different serotype, it is unable to neutralize the virus, which is then ingested into the cell as a sub-neutralized virus particle. These viruses are phagocytosed as antigen-antibody complexes, and degraded by macrophages. Upon ingestion the antibodies no longer even sub-neutralize the body due to the denaturing condition at the step for acidification of phagosome before fusion with lysosomeclarifyme. The virus becomes active and begins its proliferation within the cell.fact|date=June 2007

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Infektionsverstärkende Antikörper — Als Infektionsverstärkende Antikörper (engl. antibody dependent enhancement, ADE) werden Antikörper bezeichnet, die an die Oberfläche von Viren binden, jedoch diese nicht neutralisieren, sondern zu einer verbesserten Aufnahme des Virus in eine… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Dengue fever — For other uses, see Dengue fever (disambiguation). Dengue fever Classification and external resources The typical rash seen in dengue fever …   Wikipedia

  • Fc receptor — An Fc receptor is a protein found on the surface of certain cells including natural killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and mast cells that contribute to the protective functions of the immune system.Its name is derived from its binding… …   Wikipedia

  • Dengue virus — A TEM micrograph showing Dengue virus virions (the cluster of dark dots near the center). Virus classification Group …   Wikipedia

  • Medizinische Abkürzungen — Dies ist eine Liste der Abkürzungen und Akronyme, die in der klinischen Medizin verwendet werden. Anatomische Akronyme werden von den Lemmata Nomenklatur (Anatomie) sowie Lage und Richtungsbezeichnungen abgedeckt. weitere Links zu medizinischen… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Original antigenic sin — Original antigenic sin, also known as the Hoskins effect,[1] refers to the propensity of the body s immune system to preferentially utilize immunological memory based on a previous infection when a second slightly different version, of that… …   Wikipedia

  • Fc рецептор — Схема, показывающая взаимодействие Fc рецептора с антителом, присоединённым к патогену. Fc рецептор  белок, расположенный на поверхности нескольких видов клеток иммунной систем …   Википедия

  • Denguefieber — Klassifikation nach ICD 10 A90 Denguefieber [Klassische Dengue] A91 Hämorrhagisches Denguefieber …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Viral hemorrhagic fever — Classification and external resources ICD 10 A96 A …   Wikipedia

  • Ade — bezeichnet: einen Abschiedsgruß, siehe Adieu eine portugiesische Gemeinde in Kreis Almeida (Portugal), siehe Ade (Almeida) Ade (Indiana), einen Ort in den Vereinigten Staaten Ade (Timor), eine Region im Osten der Insel Timor Adé, eine… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”