- Bunny Lee
Infobox musical artist
Name = Bunny Lee
Img_capt = Bunny Lee in 2007
Img_size =
Background = solo_singer
Birth_name = Edward O'Sullivan Lee
Alias = Striker Lee
Born = Birth date and age|1941|8|29|df=y
Died =
Instrument =
Genre =Reggae
Occupation =Record producer
Years_active =
Label =Dynamic ,Jackpot
Associated_acts =The Aggrovators
URL =
Notable_instruments =Edward O'Sullivan Lee, better known as Bunny "Striker" Lee (born
29 August 1941 ) was a prominent, prolific and successfulJamaica nrecord producer in the 1960s and 1970s.Career
Lee began his career working as a
record plugger forDuke Reid 's Treasure Isle label in 1962,Larkin, Colin:"The Virgin Encyclopedia of Reggae", 1998, Virgin Books, ISBN 0-7535-0242-9] later performing the same duties forLeslie Kong .Barrow, Steve and Dalton, Peter:"Reggae: The Rough Guide", 1997, Rough Guides, ISBN 1-85828-247-0] He then moved on to work withKen Lack and took on engineering duties. Lee then moved into producing (i.e. financing) records himself, his first hit record coming withRoy Shirley 's "Music Field" onWIRL in 1967. [Turner, Michael and Schoenfeld, Robert, Eds. "Roots Knotty Roots". Nighthawk Records.] Lee then set up his own "Lee's" label, producing hits during 1967-68 byLester Sterling andStranger Cole ,Derrick Morgan ,Slim Smith and The Uniques ("My Conversation"), Pat Kelly, andThe Sensations , establishing him as one of Jamaica's top producers. Between 1969 and 1972 he produced classic hits including Slim Smith's "Everybody Needs Love",Delroy Wilson 's "Better Must Come",Eric Donaldson 's "Cherry Oh Baby", and John Holt's "Stick By Me".Lee was a pioneer of the
United Kingdom reggae market, licensing his productions to the Palmer Brothers (Pama) andTrojan Records in the early 1970s.The mid-1970s saw Lee work with his most successful singer,
Johnny Clarke , as well asOwen Grey andCornell Campbell , and along withLee "Scratch" Perry , he broke the dominance ofCoxsone Dodd andDuke Reid . This era also saw the emergence of the "flying cymbal" sound on Lee's productions, developed by drummer Carlton 'Santa' Davis, with Lee's session band,The Aggrovators .Lee was instrumental in producing early
Dub Music , working with his friend and dub pioneerKing Tubby in the early 1970s. Lee and Tubby were experimenting with new production techniques, which they called "Implements of sound."fact|date=October 2007 Working with equipment that today would be considered primitive and limiting, they produced tracks that consisted of mostly the rhythm parts mixed with distorted or altered versions of a song ["Replicant: On Dub" byDavid Toop ; Chapter 51, Pages 355-356.] .With all the bass and drum ting now, dem ting just start by accident, a man sing off key, an when you a reach a dat you drop out everything an leave the drum, an lick in the bass, an cause a confusion an people like it...
Lee encouraged Tubby to mix increasingly wild dubs, sometimes including sound effects such as thunder claps and gunshots. In addition to King Tubby, dub mixers
Prince Jammy andPhilip Smart also worked extensively on Lee's productions, with most of Lee's dubs from 1976 onwards mixed by Jammy.In addition to dub sides and instrumentals, Lee would be one of the first producers to realize the potential of reusing the same rhythm tracks time and time again with different singers and
deejay s, partly out of necessity - unlike some of the other major producers Lee did not have his own studio and had to make the most of the studio time he paid for.The latter half of the 1970s saw Lee work with some of Jamaica's top new talent, including
Linval Thompson ,Leroy Smart , and Barry Brown.By 1977 Joe Gibbs and
Channel One with the Hookim Brothers became "the place to be", reducing Lee's prominence. However, during the late 1970s Lee produced almost every deejay, notablyDennis Alcapone ,U Roy ,I-Roy ,Prince Jazzbo ,U Brown ,Dr. Alimantado ,Jah Stitch , Trinity, andTapper Zukie . Most of these were quick productions, usually to classicStudio One orTreasure Isle riddim s. The aim was to get deejay versions on the street quickly and were usually voiced at Tubby's studio in the Waterhouse district of Kingston.In 1982 an episode of the
Channel 4 documentary series "Deep Roots" was dedicated to Lee. Filmed in in the control room ofKing Tubby 's studio it included a lengthy conversation with him and some of the musicians he has worked with over the years includingDelroy Wilson ,Johnnie Clarke ,Prince Jazzbo andJackie Edwards . It then shows Lee producing a dub whilePrince Jammy mixes. The program has been released on DVD in January 2008. [cite web
url=http://screenedge.com/shop/Details.asp?ID=1313&CartID=
title=REGGAE NASHVILLE - Deep Roots Music 2 - Bunny Lee Story - Black Ark
publisher=screenedge.com
accessdate=2008-03-22]References
External links
* CD Times [http://www.cdtimes.co.uk/content.php?contentid=1855 "meets Bunny Lee"]
Further reading
* Cox and Warner, eds. Audio Culture: Readings in Modern Music. Continuum: 2004. ISBN 978-0826416155.
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