Point group

Point group
The Bauhinia blakeana flower on the Hong Kong flag has C5 symmetry; the star on each petal has D5 symmetry.

In geometry, a point group is a group of geometric symmetries (isometries) that keep at least one point fixed. Point groups can exist in a Euclidean space with any dimension, and every point group in dimension d is a subgroup of the orthogonal group O(d). Point groups can be realized as sets of orthogonal matrices M that transform point x into point y:

y = M.x

where the origin is the fixed point. Point-group elements can either be rotations (determinant of M = 1) or else reflections, improper rotations, rotation-reflections, or rotoreflections (determinant of M = -1). All point groups of rotations with dimension d are subgroups of the special orthogonal group SO(d).

Discrete point groups in more than one dimension come in infinite families, but from the crystallographic restriction theorem and one of Bieberbach's theorems, each number of dimensions has only a finite number of point groups that are symmetric over some lattice or grid with that number. These are the crystallographic point groups.

Contents

One Dimension

There are only two one-dimensional point groups, the identity group and the reflection group.

Group Coxeter Coxeter diagram Order Description
C1 [ ]+ 1 Identity
D1 [ ] CDel node.png 2 Reflection group

Two Dimensions

Point groups in two dimensions, sometimes called rosette groups.

They come in two infinite families:

  1. Cyclic groups Cn of n-fold rotation groups
  2. Dihedral groups Dn of n-fold rotation and reflection groups

Applying the crystallographic restriction theorem restricts n to values 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 for both families, yielding 10 groups.

Group Intl Orbifold Coxeter Order Description
Cn n nn [n]+ n Cyclic: n-fold rotations. Abstract group Zn, the group of integers under addition modulo n.
Dn nm *nn [n] 2n Dihedral: cyclic with reflections. Abstract group Dihn, the dihedral group.

The subset of pure reflectional point groups, defined by 1 or 2 mirror lines, can also be given by their Coxeter group and related polygons. These include 5 crystallographic groups.

Group Coxeter group Coxeter diagram Order Related polygons
D3 A2 [3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 6 Equilateral triangle
D4 BC2 [4] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png 8 Square
D5 H2 [5] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 10 Regular pentagon
D6 G2 [6] CDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 12 Regular hexagon
Dn I2(n) [n] CDel node.pngCDel n.pngCDel node.png 2n Regular polygon
D2n I2(2n) [[n]]=[2n] CDel node.pngCDel 2x.pngCDel n.pngCDel node.png 4n Regular polygon
D2 A12 [2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 4 Rectangle
D1 A1 [ ] CDel node.png 2 Digon

Three Dimensions

Point groups in three dimensions, sometimes called molecular point groups, after their wide use in studying the symmetries of small molecules.

They come in 7 infinite families of axial or prismatic groups, and 7 additional polyhedral or Platonic groups. In Schönflies notation,*

  • Axial groups: Cn, S2n, Cnh, Cnv, Dn, Dnd, Dnh
  • Polyhedral groups: T, Td, Th, O, Oh, I, Ih

Applying the crystallographic restriction theorem to these groups yields 32 Crystallographic point groups.

Intl* Geo
[1]
Orbifold Schönflies Conway Coxeter Order
1 1 1 C1 C1 [ ]+ 1
1 22 ×1 Ci = S2 CC2 [2+,2+] 2
2 = m 1 *1 Cs = C1v = C1h ±C1 = CD2 [ ] 2
2
3
4
5
6
n
2
3
4
5
6
n
22
33
44
55
66
nn
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
Cn
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
Cn
[2]+
[3]+
[4]+
[5]+
[6]+
[n]+
2
3
4
5
6
n
2mm
3m
4mm
5m
6mm
nmm
nm
2
3
4
5
6
n
*22
*33
*44
*55
*66
*nn
C2v
C3v
C4v
C5v
C6v
Cnv
CD4
CD6
CD8
CD10
CD12
CD2n
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[n]
4
6
8
10
12
2n
2/m
3/m
4/m
5/m
6/m
n/m
2 2
3 2
4 2
5 2
6 2
n 2
2*
3*
4*
5*
6*
n*
C2h
C3h
C4h
C5h
C6h
Cnh
±C2
CC6
±C4
CC10
±C6
±Cn / CC2n
[2,2+]
[2,3+]
[2,4+]
[2,5+]
[2,6+]
[2,n+]
4
6
8
10
12
2n
4
3
8
5
12
2n
n
4 2
6 2
8 2
10 2
12 2
2n 2





S4
S6
S8
S10
S12
S2n
CC4
±C3
CC8
±C5
CC12
CC2n / ±Cn
[2+,4+]
[2+,6+]
[2+,8+]
[2+,10+]
[2+,12+]
[2+,2n+]
4
6
8
10
12
2n
Intl Geo Orbifold Schönflies Conway Coxeter Order
222
32
422
52
622
n22
n2
2 2
3 2
4 2
5 2
6 2
n 2
222
223
224
225
226
22n
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
Dn
D4
D6
D8
D10
D12
D2n
[2,2]+
[2,3]+
[2,4]+
[2,5]+
[2,6]+
[2,n]+
4
6
8
10
12
2n
mmm
6m2
4/mmm
10m2
6/mmm
n/mmm
2nm2
2 2
3 2
4 2
5 2
6 2
n 2
*222
*223
*224
*225
*226
*22n
D2h
D3h
D4h
D5h
D6h
Dnh
±D4
DD12
±D8
DD20
±D12
±D2n / DD4n
[2,2]
[2,3]
[2,4]
[2,5]
[2,6]
[2,n]
8
12
16
20
24
4n
42m
3m
82m
5m
122m
2n2m
nm
4 2
6 2
8 2
10 2
12 2
n 2
2*2
2*3
2*4
2*5
2*6
2*n
D2d
D3d
D4d
D5d
D6d
Dnd
±D4
±D6
DD16
±D10
DD24
DD4n / ±D2n
[2+,4]
[2+,6]
[2+,8]
[2+,10]
[2+,12]
[2+,2n]
8
12
16
20
24
4n
23 3 3 332 T T [3,3]+ 12
m3 4 3 3*2 Th ±T [3+,4] 24
43m 3 3 *332 Td TO [3,3] 24
432 4 3 432 O O [3,4]+ 24
m3m 4 3 *432 Oh ±O [3,4] 48
532 5 3 532 I I [3,5]+ 60
53m 5 3 *532 Ih ±I [3,5] 120
(*) When the Intl entries are duplicated, the first is for even n, the second for odd n.

The subset of pure reflectional point groups, defined by 1 to 3 mirror planes, can also be given by their Coxeter group and related polyhedra. The [3,3] group can be doubled, written as [[3,3]], mapping the first and last mirrors onto each other, doubling the symmetry to 48, and isomorphic to the [4,3] group.

Schönflies Coxeter group Coxeter diagram Order Related regular and prismatic polyhedra
Td A3 [3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 24 Tetrahedron
Oh BC3 [4,3]
=[[3,3]]
CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
CDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.png
48 Cube, octahedron
Stellated octahedron
Ih H3 [5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 120 Icosahedron, dodecahedron
D3h A2×A1 [3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 12 Triangular prism
D4h BC2×A1 [4,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 16 Square prism
D5h H2×A1 [5,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 20 Pentagonal prism
D6h G2×A1 [6,2] CDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 24 Hexagonal prism
Dnh I2(n)×A1 [n,2] CDel node.pngCDel n.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 4n n-gonal prism
D2h A13 [2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 8 Cuboid
C3v A2×A1 [3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 6 Hosohedron
C4v BC2×A1 [4] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png 8
C5v H2×A1 [5] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 10
C6v G2×A1 [6] CDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 12
Cnv I2(n)×A1 [n] CDel node.pngCDel n.pngCDel node.png 2n
C2v A12 [2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 4
Cs A1 [ ] CDel node.png 2

Four dimensions

The four-dimensional point groups, limiting to purely reflectional groups, can be listed by their Coxeter group, and like the polyhedral groups of 3D, can be named by their related convex regular 4-polytopes. Related pure rotational groups exist for each with half the order, defined by an even number of reflections, and can be represented by the bracket Coxeter notation with a '+' exponent, for example [3,3,3]+ has three 3-fold gyration points and symmetry order 60. Front-back symmetric groups like [3,3,3] and [3,4,3] can be doubled, shown as double brackets in Coxeter's notation, for example [[3,3,3]] with its order doubled to 240.

Coxeter group/notation Coxeter diagram Order Related regular/prismatic polytopes
A4 [3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 120 5-cell
A4×2 [[3,3,3]] CDel branch.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.png 240 5-cell dual compound
BC4 [4,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 384 16-cell/Tesseract
D4 [31,1,1] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 192 Demitesseractic
F4 [3,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 1152 24-cell
F4×2 [[3,4,3]] CDel label4.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.png 2304 24-cell dual compound
H4 [5,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 14400 120-cell/600-cell
A3×A1 [3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 48 Tetrahedral prism
BC3×A1 [4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 96 Octahedral prism
H3×A1 [5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 240 Icosahedral prism
A2×A2 [3,2,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 36 Duoprism
A2×BC2 [3,2,4] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png 48
A2×H2 [3,2,5] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 60
A2×G2 [3,2,6] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 72
BC2×BC2 [4,2,4] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png 64
BC2×H2 [4,2,5] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 80
BC2×G2 [4,2,6] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 96
H2×H2 [5,2,5] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 100
H2×G2 [5,2,6] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 120
G2×G2 [6,2,6] CDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 144
I2(p)×I2(q) [p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png 4pq
[[p,2,p]] 8p2
A2×A12 [3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 24
BC2×A12 [4,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 32
H2×A12 [5,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 40
G2×A12 [6,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 48
I2(p)×A12 [p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 8p
A14 [2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 16 4-orthotope

Five dimensions

The five-dimensional point groups, limiting to purely reflectional groups, can be listed by their Coxeter group. Related pure rotational groups exist for each with half the order, defined by an even number of reflections, and can be represented by the bracket Coxeter notation with a '+' exponent, for example [3,3,3,3]+ has four 3-fold gyration points and symmetry order 360.

Coxeter group Coxeter
diagram
Order Related regular/prismatic polytopes
A5 [3,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 720 5-simplex
A5×2 [[3,3,3,3]] CDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.png 1440 5-simplex dual compound
BC5 [4,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 3840 5-cube, 5-orthoplex
D5 [32,1,1] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 1920 5-demicube
A4×A1 [3,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 240 5-cell prism
BC4×A1 [4,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 768 tesseract prism
F4×A1 [3,4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 2304 24-cell prism
H4×A1 [5,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 28800 600-cell or 120-cell prism
D4×A1 [31,1,1,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 384 Demitesseract prism
A3×A2 [3,3,2,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 144 Duoprism
A3×BC2 [3,3,2,4] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png 192
A3×H2 [3,3,2,5] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 240
A3×G2 [3,3,2,6] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 288
A3×I2(p) [3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 48p
BC3×A2 [4,3,2,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 288
BC3×BC2 [4,3,2,4] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png 384
BC3×H2 [4,3,2,5] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 480
BC3×G2 [4,3,2,6] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 576
BC3×I2(p) [4,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 96p
H3×A2 [5,3,2,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 720
H3×BC2 [5,3,2,4] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.png 960
H3×H2 [5,3,2,5] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.png 1200
H3×G2 [5,3,2,6] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.png 1440
H3×I2(p) [5,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 240p
A3×A12 [3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 96
BC3×A12 [4,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 192
H3×A12 [5,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 480
A22×A1 [3,2,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 72 duoprism prism
A2×BC2×A1 [3,2,4,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 96
A2×H2×A1 [3,2,5,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 120
A2×G2×A1 [3,2,6,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 144
BC22×A1 [4,2,4,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 128
BC2×H2×A1 [4,2,5,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 160
BC2×G2×A1 [4,2,6,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 192
H22×A1 [5,2,5,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 200
H2×G2×A1 [5,2,6,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 240
G22×A1 [6,2,6,2] CDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 288
I2(p)×I2(q)×A1 [p,2,q,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 8pq
A2×A13 [3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 48
BC2×A13 [4,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 64
H2×A13 [5,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 80
G2×A13 [6,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 6.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 96
I2(p)×A13 [p,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 16p
A15 [2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 32 5-orthotope

Six dimensions

The six-dimensional point groups, limiting to purely reflectional groups, can be listed by their Coxeter group. Related pure rotational groups exist for each with half the order, defined by an even number of reflections, and can be represented by the bracket Coxeter notation with a '+' exponent, for example [3,3,3,3,3]+ has five 3-fold gyration points and symmetry order 2520.

Coxeter group Coxeter
diagram
Order Related regular/prismatic polytopes
A6 [3,3,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 5040 (7!) 6-simplex
A6×2 [[3,3,3,3,3]] CDel branch.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.png 10080 (2×7!) 6-simplex dual compound
BC6 [4,3,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 46080 (26×6!) 6-cube, 6-orthoplex
D6 [3,3,3,31,1] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.png 23040 (25×6!) 6-demicube
E6 [3,32,2] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.png 51840 (72×6!) 122, 221
A5×A1 [3,3,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 1440 (2×6!) 5-simplex prism
BC5×A1 [4,3,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 7680 (26×5!) 5-cube prism
D5×A1 [3,3,31,1,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 3840 (25×5!) 5-demicube prism
A4×I2(p) [3,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 240p Duoprism
BC4×I2(p) [4,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 768p
F4×I2(p) [3,4,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 2304p
H4×I2(p) [5,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 28800p
D4×I2(p) [3,31,1,2,p] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 384p
A4×A12 [3,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 480
BC4×A12 [4,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 1536
F4×A12 [3,4,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 4608
H4×A12 [5,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 57600
D4×A12 [3,31,1,2,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 768
A32 [3,3,2,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 576
A3×BC3 [3,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 1152
A3×H3 [3,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 2880
BC32 [4,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 2304
BC3×H3 [4,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 5760
H32 [5,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 14400
A3×I2(p)×A1 [3,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 96p Duoprism prism
BC3×I2(p)×A1 [4,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 192p
H3×I2(p)×A1 [5,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 480p
A3×A13 [3,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 192
BC3×A13 [4,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 384
H3×A13 [5,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 960
I2(p)×I2(q)×I2(r) [p,2,q,2,r] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel r.pngCDel node.png 8pqr Triaprism
I2(p)×I2(q)×A12 [p,2,q,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 16pq
I2(p)×A14 [p,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 32p
A16 [2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 64 6-orthotope

Seven dimensions

The seven-dimensional point groups, limiting to purely reflectional groups, can be listed by their Coxeter group. Related pure rotational groups exist for each with half the order, defined by an even number of reflections, and can be represented by the bracket Coxeter notation with a '+' exponent, for example [3,3,3,3,3,3]+ has six 3-fold gyration points and symmetry order 20160.

Coxeter group Coxeter diagram Order Related polytopes
A7 [3,3,3,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 40320 (8!) 7-simplex
A7×2 [[3,3,3,3,3,3]] CDel node.pngCDel split1.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.png 80640 (2×8!) 7-simplex dual compound
BC7 [4,3,3,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 645120 (27×7!) 7-cube, 7-orthoplex
D7 [3,3,3,3,31,1] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 322560 (26×7!) 7-demicube
E7 [3,3,3,32,1] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.png 2903040 (8×9!) 321, 231, 132
A6×A1 [3,3,3,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 10080 (2×7!)
BC6×A1 [4,3,3,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 92160 (27×6!)
D6×A1 [3,3,3,31,1,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 46080 (26×6!)
E6×A1 [3,3,32,1,2] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 2.pngCDel nodea.png 103680 (144×6!)
A5×I2(p) [3,3,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 1440p
BC5×I2(p) [4,3,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 7680p
D5×I2(p) [3,3,31,1,2,p] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 3840p
A5×A12 [3,3,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 2880
BC5×A12 [4,3,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 15360
D5×A12 [3,3,31,1,2,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 7680
A4×A3 [3,3,3,2,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 2880
A4×BC3 [3,3,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 5760
A4×H3 [3,3,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 14400
BC4×A3 [4,3,3,2,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 9216
BC4×BC3 [4,3,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 18432
BC4×H3 [4,3,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 46080
H4×A3 [5,3,3,2,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 345600
H4×BC3 [5,3,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 691200
H4×H3 [5,3,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 1728000
F4×A3 [3,4,3,2,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 27648
F4×BC3 [3,4,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 55296
F4×H3 [3,4,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 138240
D4×A3 [31,1,1,2,3,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 4608
D4×BC3 [3,31,1,2,4,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 9216
D4×H3 [3,31,1,2,5,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 23040
A4×I2(p)×A1 [3,3,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 480p
BC4×I2(p)×A1 [4,3,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 1536p
D4×I2(p)×A1 [3,31,1,2,p,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 768p
F4×I2(p)×A1 [3,4,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 4608p
H4×I2(p)×A1 [5,3,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 57600p
A4×A13 [3,3,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 960
BC4×A13 [4,3,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 3072
F4×A13 [3,4,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 9216
H4×A13 [5,3,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 115200
D4×A13 [3,31,1,2,2,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 1536
A32×A1 [3,3,2,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 1152
A3×BC3×A1 [3,3,2,4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 2304
A3×H3×A1 [3,3,2,5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 5760
BC32×A1 [4,3,2,4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 4608
BC3×H3×A1 [4,3,2,5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 11520
H32×A1 [5,3,2,5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 28800
A3×I2(p)×I2(q) [3,3,2,p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png 96pq
BC3×I2(p)×I2(q) [4,3,2,p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png 192pq
H3×I2(p)×I2(q) [5,3,2,p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png 480pq
A3×I2(p)×A12 [3,3,2,p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 192p
BC3×I2(p)×A12 [4,3,2,p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 384p
H3×I2(p)×A12 [5,3,2,p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 960p
A3×A14 [3,3,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 384
BC3×A14 [4,3,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 768
H3×A14 [5,3,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 1920
I2(p)×I2(q)×I2(r)×A1 [p,2,q,2,r,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel r.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 16pqr
I2(p)×I2(q)×A13 [p,2,q,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 32pq
I2(p)×A15 [p,2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 64p
A17 [2,2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 128

Eight dimensions

The eight-dimensional point groups, limiting to purely reflectional groups, can be listed by their Coxeter group. Related pure rotational groups exist for each with half the order, defined by an even number of reflections, and can be represented by the bracket Coxeter notation with a '+' exponent, for example [3,3,3,3,3,3,3]+ has seven 3-fold gyration points and symmetry order 181440.

Coxeter group Coxeter diagram Order Related polytopes
A8 [3,3,3,3,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 362880 (9!) 8-simplex
A8×2 [[3,3,3,3,3,3,3]] CDel branch.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel 3ab.pngCDel nodes.png 725760 (2x9!) 8-simplex dual compound
BC8 [4,3,3,3,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 10321920 (288!) 8-cube,8-orthoplex
D8 [3,3,3,3,3,31,1] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 5160960 (278!) 8-demicube
E8 [3,3,3,3,32,1] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.png 696729600 421, 241, 142
A7×A1 [3,3,3,3,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 80640 7-simplex prism
BC7×A1 [4,3,3,3,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 645120 7-cube prism
D7×A1 [3,3,3,3,31,1,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 322560 7-demicube prism
E7×A1 [3,3,3,32,1,2] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 2.pngCDel nodea.png 5806080 321 prism, 231 prism, 142 prism
A6×I2(p) [3,3,3,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 10080p duoprism
BC6×I2(p) [4,3,3,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 92160p
D6×I2(p) [3,3,3,31,1,2,p] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 46080p
E6×I2(p) [3,3,32,1,2,p] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png 103680p
A6×A12 [3,3,3,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 20160
BC6×A12 [4,3,3,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 184320
D6×A12 [33,1,1,2,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 92160
E6×A12 [3,3,32,1,2,2] CDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel branch.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 3a.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 2.pngCDel nodea.pngCDel 2.pngCDel nodea.png 207360
A5×A3 [3,3,3,3,2,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 17280
BC5×A3 [4,3,3,3,2,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 92160
D5×A3 [32,1,1,2,3,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 46080
A5×BC3 [3,3,3,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 34560
BC5×BC3 [4,3,3,3,2,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 184320
D5×BC3 [32,1,1,2,4,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png 92160
A5×H3 [3,3,3,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
BC5×H3 [4,3,3,3,2,5,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
D5×H3 [32,1,1,2,5,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
A5×I2(p)×A1 [3,3,3,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC5×I2(p)×A1 [4,3,3,3,2,p,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
D5×I2(p)×A1 [32,1,1,2,p,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A5×A13 [3,3,3,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC5×A13 [4,3,3,3,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
D5×A13 [32,1,1,2,2,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A4×A4 [3,3,3,2,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
BC4×A4 [4,3,3,2,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
D4×A4 [31,1,1,2,3,3,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
F4×A4 [3,4,3,2,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
H4×A4 [5,3,3,2,3,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
BC4×BC4 [4,3,3,2,4,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
D4×BC4 [31,1,1,2,4,3,3] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
F4×BC4 [3,4,3,2,4,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
H4×BC4 [5,3,3,2,4,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
D4×D4 [31,1,1,2,31,1,1] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
F4×D4 [3,4,3,2,31,1,1] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
H4×D4 [5,3,3,2,31,1,1] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
F4×F4 [3,4,3,2,3,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
H4×F4 [5,3,3,2,3,4,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
H4×H4 [5,3,3,2,5,3,3] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.png
A4×A3×A1 [3,3,3,2,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png duoprism prisms
A4×BC3×A1 [3,3,3,2,4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A4×H3×A1 [3,3,3,2,5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC4×A3×A1 [4,3,3,2,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC4×BC3×A1 [4,3,3,2,4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC4×H3×A1 [4,3,3,2,5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H4×A3×A1 [5,3,3,2,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H4×BC3×A1 [5,3,3,2,4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H4×H3×A1 [5,3,3,2,5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
F4×A3×A1 [3,4,3,2,3,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
F4×BC3×A1 [3,4,3,2,4,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
F4×H3×A1 [3,4,2,3,5,3,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
D4×A3×A1 [31,1,1,2,3,3,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
D4×BC3×A1 [31,1,1,2,4,3,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
D4×H3×A1 [31,1,1,2,5,3,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A4×I2(p)×I2(q) [3,3,3,2,p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png triaprism
BC4×I2(p)×I2(q) [4,3,3,2,p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png
F4×I2(p)×I2(q) [3,4,3,2,p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png
H4×I2(p)×I2(q) [5,3,3,2,p,2,q] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png
D4×I2(p)×I2(q) [31,1,1,2,p,2,q] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.png
A4×I2(p)×A12 [3,3,3,2,p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC4×I2(p)×A12 [4,3,3,2,p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
F4×I2(p)×A12 [3,4,3,2,p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H4×I2(p)×A12 [5,3,3,2,p,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
D4×I2(p)×A12 [31,1,1,2,p,2,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A4×A14 [3,3,3,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC4×A14 [4,3,3,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
F4×A14 [3,4,3,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H4×A14 [5,3,3,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
D4×A14 [31,1,1,2,2,2,2] CDel nodes.pngCDel split2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A3×A3×I2(p) [3,3,2,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png
BC3×A3×I2(p) [4,3,2,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png
H3×A3×I2(p) [5,3,2,3,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png
BC3×BC3×I2(p) [4,3,2,4,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png
H3×BC3×I2(p) [5,3,2,4,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png
H3×H3×I2(p) [5,3,2,5,3,2,p] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.png
A3×A3×A12 [3,3,2,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC3×A3×A12 [4,3,2,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H3×A3×A12 [5,3,2,3,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC3×BC3×A12 [4,3,2,4,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H3×BC3×A12 [5,3,2,4,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H3×H3×A12 [5,3,2,5,3,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A3×I2(p)×I2(q)×A1 [3,3,2,p,2,q,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC3×I2(p)×I2(q)×A1 [4,3,2,p,2,q,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H3×I2(p)×I2(q)×A1 [5,3,2,p,2,q,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A3×I2(p)×A13 [3,3,2,p,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC3×I2(p)×A13 [4,3,2,p,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H3×I2(p)×A13 [5,3,2,p,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
A3×A15 [3,3,2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
BC3×A15 [4,3,2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 4.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
H3×A15 [5,3,2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 5.pngCDel node.pngCDel 3.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png
I2(p)×I2(q)×I2(r)×I2(s) [p,2,q,2,r,2,s] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel r.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel s.pngCDel node.png 16pqrs
I2(p)×I2(q)×I2(r)×A12 [p,2,q,2,r,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel r.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 32pqr
I2(p)×I2(q)×A14 [p,2,q,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel q.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 64pq
I2(p)×A16 [p,2,2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel p.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 128p
A18 [2,2,2,2,2,2,2] CDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.pngCDel 2.pngCDel node.png 256

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The Crystallographic Space groups in Geometric algebra, D. Hestenes and J. Holt, Journal of Mathematical Physics. 48, 023514 (2007) (22 pages) PDF [1]

References

  • H.S.M. Coxeter: Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H.S.M. Coxeter, editied by F. Arthur Sherk, Peter McMullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivic Weiss, Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1995, ISBN 978-0-471-01003-6 [2]
    • (Paper 23) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes II, [Math. Zeit. 188 (1985) 559-591]
  • H.S.M. Coxeter and W. O. J. Moser. Generators and Relations for Discrete Groups 4th ed, Springer-Verlag. New York. 1980
  • N.W. Johnson: Geometries and Transformations, Manuscript, (2011) Chapter 11: Finite symmetry groups

External links


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