V150

The V150 is a specially configured TGV train which broke the world record for conventional rail trains on April 3, 2007. The train is French-made and reached a speed of 574.8 kilometers per hour (357 mph). [cite news
author=Associated Press
title=French Train Tops 350 MPH to Break Record
url=http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2007/04/03/ap3577145.html
work=Forbes.com
date=2007-04-03
accessdate=2007-04-03] topping the old 515.3 km/h (320.2 mph) record set in 1990. [cite news
author=Reuters
title=France celebrates train's new speed record in Champagne
url=http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9584_22-6172868.html
work=Reuters Limited
date=2007-04-03
accessdate=2007-04-03]

Record of 2007

Operation V150, where 150 again refers to a target speed in metres per second, was a series of high speed trials carried out on the LGV Est prior to its June 2007 opening. The trials were conducted jointly by SNCF, TGV builder Alstom, and LGV Est owner Réseau Ferré de France between 15 January 2007 and 15 April 2007. Following a series of increasingly high speed runs, the official speed record attempt took place on 3 April 2007. [cite web| url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,263542,00.html| title=French Train Hits 357 MPH Breaking World Speed Record| author="Associated Press"| year=2007-04-03| accessdate=2007-04-03| ] [cite web|url=http://www.record2007.com/site/index_en.php| title=Official 2007 Record Website | accessdate=2007-04-03|] The top speed of 574.8 km/h (159.6 m/s, 357.2 mph) was reached at kilometer point 191 near the village of Le Chemin, between the Meuse and Champagne-Ardenne TGV stations, where the most favorable profile exists.The 515.3 km/h speed record of 1990 was unofficially broken multiple times during the test campaign that preceded and followed the certified record attempt, the first time on February 13, 2007 with a speed of 554.3 km/h, and the last time on April 15, 2007 with a speed of 542.9 km/h.

V150 record train

The train used for the speed record was code named V150, and comprised three modified Duplex cars, fitted with two powered bogies similar to the AGV prototype, marshalled between a pair of TGV power cars from POS trainset 4402. The train had four more powered axles than trainset 325 used in the 1990 speed record, and had a maximum power output of 19.6 MW (26,800 hp) instead of the 9.3 MW on a standard TGV POS. This unusual composition was used to obtain high speed test data on disparate technical elements including the new asynchronous traction motors on the POS power cars, the lightweight synchronous permanent magnet traction motors on the AGV bogies, the actively controlled pantograph, and the Duplex bi-level configuration which had never been used in very high speed trials.

Aerodynamic improvements, similar to the 1990 record train, were refined in a wind tunnel and provided a 15% reduction in drag from the standard configuration. These improvements included a front air dam, roof fairings over the pantograph openings, membranes to cover the space between the cars, and a flush-mounted windshield. Over 600 sensors were fitted on various parts of both the engines and the cars. The train set ran with larger wheels with a diameter of 1092 mm instead of 920 mm, to limit the rotational speed of the powertrain. [cite web|url=http://news.monstersandcritics.com/business/news/article_1263596.php/French_high-speed_TGV_breaks_world_conventional_rail-speed_record| title=French high-speed TGV breaks world conventional rail-speed record| publisher=Deutsche Presse-Agentur (reprinted by Monsters and Critics)| date=2007-02-14| accessdate=2007-02-14 ] [cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6521295.stm|title=2007 record attempt|publisher=BBC News Online]

Test track

The record runs took place on a 140 km section of track 1 on the LGV Est, usually heading west, between kilometer posts 264 (town of Prény) and 120 (near the Champagne-Ardenne TGV station). This section of the LGV was chosen for its vertical profile and gentle curves, with favorable downhill segments leading to the highest speeds between kilometer posts 195 and 191, near the border between the Meuse and Marne departments. The track superelevation was increased to support higher speeds. Catenary voltage was increased to 31 kV from the standard 25 kV. The mechanical tension in the wire was increased to 40 kN from the standard 25 kN. The speed of the transverse wave induced in the overhead wire by the train's pantograph was thus increased to 610 km/h, providing a margin of safety beyond the train's maximum speed. Several measurement stations were installed along the test tracks to monitor stresses in the track and ballast, noise, aerodynamic effects, and catenary dynamics. Between kilometer posts 223 and 167, where speeds exceeded 500 km/h, the track was under close surveillance.

Record runs

Between 15 January 2007 and 15 April 2007, the V150 train traveled at 500 km/h and above for a cumulative distance of 728 km. For each high speed run, another TGV performed a sweep of the track before the V150 train was cleared to start. This sweep was performed at a sustained 380 km/h, incidentally the peak speed reached in the record of 1981, with TGV POS trainset 4404 in a standard 8-car configuration. The acceleration of the V150 train took place over a distance of 70 km. During certain runs, including the official record run, the V150 train was chased by an Aérospatiale Corvette airplane to provide data relay and uplink of live television images.

See also

* Land speed record for railed vehicles
* TGV
* LGV construction

References

External links

* [http://www.ina.fr/ INA] (Institut national de l'audiovisuel) - Here you can find many videos of TGV records

* [http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1mjd0_5748-kmh-world-rail-speed-record-20 Video of the record being broken] - DailyMotion.com

* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=udAWMe7zCqA&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Feuropeisshrinking%2Ecom%2F] mock protest over train.

* [http://europeisshrinking.com] - site devoted to the TGV