Clark Amendment

Clark Amendment

The Clark Amendment was an amendment to the U.S. Arms Export Control Act of 1976, named for its sponsor, Senator Dick Clark (D-Iowa). The amendment barred aid to private groups engaged in military or paramilitary operations in Angola.

Even after the Clark amendment became law, however, then-Director of Central Intelligence, George H. W. Bush, refused to concede that all U.S. aid to Angola had ceased.[1][2] According to foreign affairs analyst Jane Hunter, Israel stepped in as a proxy arms supplier for the United States after the Clark Amendment took effect.[3]

Visiting the Heritage Foundation on October 5, 1989, the ultimate beneficiary of the Clark Amendment's repeal, Jonas Savimbi's UNITA, praised the Heritage Foundation for its critical role in advocating the repeal of the amendment. "When we come to the Heritage Foundation," Savimbi said, "it is like coming back home. We know that our success here in Washington in repealing the Clark Amendment and obtaining American assistance for our cause is very much associated with your efforts. This foundation has been a source of great support. The UNITA leadership knows this, and it is also known in Angola."[4]

The Clark Amendment was repealed by the U.S. Congress in July 1985.

See also

References

  1. ^ Koh, Harold Hongju (1990). The National Security Constitution: Sharing Power After the Iran-Contra Affair. Yale University Press. ISBN. p. 52
  2. ^ Fausold, Martin L.; Alan Shank (1991). The Constitution and the American Presidency. SUNY Press. ISBN.  Pages 186-187.
  3. ^ "In 1975 Israel followed Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's advice and helped South Africa with its invasion of Angola. Even after the passage the following year of the Clark Amendment forbidding U.S. covert involvement in Angola, Israel apparently considered Kissinger's nod a continuing mandate." Jane Hunter, Israeli Foreign Policy: South Africa and Central America, p.16, South End Press, 1987. Excerpts at "Israeli Foreign Policy: Weapons Manufacturing Industry"
  4. ^ "The Coming Winds of Democracy in Angola," by Jonas Savimbi, Heritage Foundation Lecture #217, Washington, D.C., October 5, 1989.

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Clark v. C.C.N.V. — Clark v. C.C.N.V. Supreme Court of the United States Argued March 21, 1984 Decided June 29, 1984 …   Wikipedia

  • Clark Gable — Studio publicity photo Born William Clark Gable February 1, 1901(1901 02 01) Cadiz, Ohio, U.S. Died …   Wikipedia

  • Clark v. TDG Ltd (t/a Novacold Ltd) — [1999] IRLR 318 is a UK labour law case concerning the Disability Discrimination Act 1995FactsMr Clark was injured at work (a frozen food warehouse in Hull). He was then dismissed when an orthopaedic doctor said he did not know when he would be… …   Wikipedia

  • Clark v TDG Ltd (t/a Novacold Ltd) — [1999] IRLR 318 is a UK labour law case concerning the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. Contents 1 Facts 2 Judgment 3 Significance 4 See also …   Wikipedia

  • Dick Clark (senator) — For other people named Richard Clark, see Richard Clark (disambiguation). Richard C. Clark United States Senator from Iowa In office January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1979 …   Wikipedia

  • Boland Amendment — The Boland Amendment was the name given to three U.S. legislative amendments between 1982 and 1984, all aimed at limiting US government assistance to the rebel Contras in Nicaragua. The first Boland Amendment was to the House Appropriations Bill… …   Wikipedia

  • McGovern–Hatfield Amendment — U.S. Congressional opposition to U.S. involvement in wars and interventions …   Wikipedia

  • Cooper-Church Amendment — U.S. Congressional opposition to U.S. involvement in wars and interventions …   Wikipedia

  • Richard C. Clark — Richard Clarence „Dick“ Clark (* 14. September 1928 in Paris, Linn County, Iowa) ist ein ehemaliger US amerikanischer Politiker (Demokratische Partei). Er vertrat den Bundesstaat Iowa von 1973 bis 1979 im US Senat. Nach dem Schulbesuch diente… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Robert Clark Young — (born 1960) is an American author of novels, essays, and short stories. Recurring themes in Young s work include the relation between alcoholism, the abuse of power, and institutional dysfunction in American life, within contemporary and… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”