John Swainson

Infobox Governor
name= John B. Swainson
placeofburial=


caption=
order= 42^nd
office= Governor of Michigan
term_start= January 1, 1961
term_end= January 1, 1963
lieutenant= T. John Lesinski
predecessor= G. Mennen Williams
successor= George W. Romney
birth_date= July 31, 1925
birth_place= Windsor, Ontario
death_date= May 13, 1994
death_place= Manchester, Michigan
spouse= Alice Nielsen
party= Democratic
religion=

John Burley Swainson (July 31, 1925 - May 13, 1994) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan, as well as the 42nd Governor of Michigan.

Swainson was born in Windsor, Ontario, Canada and moved to Port Huron, Michigan at the age of two with his family. His father, John A. C. Swainson, of Port Huron was Democratic Presidential Elector for Michigan in 1964 and an alternate delegate to Democratic National Convention from Michigan, 1972 which nominated George McGovern for U.S. President, who was unsuccessful against President Richard Nixon in the general election [http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/suvacki-swampfox.html#RR818TQRZ] .

Swainson served in the United States Army during World War II with the 95th Infantry Division and lost both legs in a land mine explosion November 15, 1944, near Metz, Alsace-Lorraine. He was awarded France's "Croix de Guerre", the Presidential Unit Citation with two battle stars, and the Purple Heart, all before his nineteenth birthday. After months of convalescence and rehabilitation at the Percy Jones Army Hospital in Battle Creek, Swainson learned to walk upright and unassisted.

Swainson received a B.A. from Olivet College, where he also met and married his wife, Alice Nielson. She accompanied him to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he received a law degree in 1951. While there, he was elected student president of the law school.

Politics

Swainson was elected to the Michigan State Senate from the 18th District in 1954 and was reelected in 1958. In 1958, when Philip Hart was elected to the United States Senate, Swainson succeeded Hart as Lieutenant Governor of Michigan under Governor G. Mennen Williams. When the long-serving and popular Williams announced he would not seek reelection in 1960, Swainson decided to enter the race, despite the advice of influential Democratic Party members, including Williams, not to run in deference to three-term Michigan Secretary of State James Hare. Swainson won the primary against the party favorite, largely due to strong support from labor unions.

On November 8, 1960, Swainson defeated Republican Paul D. Bagwell, a Michigan State University professor in the general election. As a result, the 35 year-old Swainson became the youngest Governor of Michigan in the 20th century. (The "Boy Governor", Stevens T. Mason, elected at age 24 in 1835, is the youngest.) His Lieutenant Governor was T. John Lesinski. His primary opponent, James Hare, continued to serve as Michigan Secretary of State until 1971.

During his two years in office, a tax was secured on the usage of telegraphs, telephones, and leased wires, court procedures and medical care for the elderly were improved, legislative pensions were excluded from both local and state taxes, and taxes on liquor, beer and cigarettes were raised to fund educational programs.

In 1962, Swainson was defeated by Republican George W. Romney, the chairman of the American Motors Corporation and who had never before held elected office. The win was attributed in part to Romney's appeal to independent voters, as well as to the increasing influence of suburban Detroit voters, who by 1962 were more likely to vote Republican than the heavily Democratic city.

Post gubernatorial years

On June 23, 1963, Swainson accompanied the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., Detroit mayor Jerome Cavanagh, and approximately 125,000 people on a "Walk for Freedom" march down Detroit's Woodward Avenue. That year he was also a member of Democratic National Committee from Michigan.

He served as Michigan Circuit Court judge of the 3rd Circuit from 1965 to 1971, and as a Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court from 1971 to 1975. In 1975 he was accused of accepting a bribe and found not guilty, but was convicted of perjury over his testimony to the grand jury. As a result, he was forced to leave the Supreme Court, sentenced to 60 days in a minimum-security facility, and temporarily lost his license to practice law.

He later became an antiques dealer and became president of the Michigan Historical Commission. In these later years, he often represented the state at the Detroit Highland Games, apologizing for not wearing a kilt because "I don't have the legs for it."

Death and legacy

Swainson died of a heart attack in Manchester, Michigan and is interred there at Oakhill Cemetery. His wife Alice died September 5, 2004 in Manchester at the age of 77. During his life he was a member of American Legion, AMVETS, Disabled American Veterans, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Elks , Lions International, and Delta Theta Phi.

The Michigan Historical Commission established the Governor John B. Swainson Award in 1996 to honor him for his love of history and as one of the few public officials to have served in the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of state government. The commission presents the award to state, county or municipal employees who have contributed to the preservation of Michigan history even though such activities are not part of their primary job responsibility. [http://www.michigan.gov/hal/0,1607,7-160-17447_18630_22802-61854--,00.html]

References

* [http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/suvacki-swampfox.html#RH801VQEP The Political Graveyard]
* [http://www.nndb.com/people/839/000122473/ NNDB]
* [http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=089c49bc0a733010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD National Governors Association]
*findagrave|6234820 Retrieved on 2008-02-08