- Muslim Social Democratic Party
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The Muslim Social Democratic Party, usually referred to as Hummet (Azerbaijani: Hümmət), was a political party in South Caucasus. In 1920, it merged with "Adalat" (Azerbaijani: Ədalət) communist cell in Baku, forming the first Communist Party of Azerbaijan.[1]
"Old" Hummet (1904 - 1920)
At the end of 1904, the Baku committee of the Russian Social Democratic Party created the Hummet in order to attract Muslim workers. Prominent Hummet politicians included Mammed Amin Rasulzade (until 1913), Meshadi Azizbekov, Prokopius Dzhaparidze, Sultan Medjid Efendiev and Nariman Narimanov. A series of arrests in 1911 weakened the activities of the party, but after the February Revolution, the Hummet renewed its operations. From 1918 to 1920 the Hummet was represented in the parliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. On February 20, 1920, it merged with the Adalat Party, the Ahrar Party of Iran and Baku Bolsheviks to establish the Azerbaijan Communist Party.
Some sources report that pro-Bolshevik Muslims from the Hummet party participated [2] in the March Events, massacres by the Shaumyan-led Bolshevik Baku Soviet and Dashnak militia against Azerbaijanis in Baku, in a bid to suppress the Musavat party and to gain control of Baku.[3] Other sources, on the contrary, report that Hummet party members were very critical of the conduct of the events. This is confirmed by the words of Sultan Majid Efendiyev who wrote:
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- The Dashnaks, who for handsome pay protected the capitalists, Taghiev, Naghiev, and others, massacred to a man, in the name of the Soviet, the population of entire blocks and sections inhabited by the Muslim poor. The Dashnaks under the command of such millionaires as Lalaiev and others, were now destroying not only the Musavatists but Muslims in general... The course of events led to a situation in which the comrades who stood at the head of the Soviet, Shaumyan, Japaridze, and others, became themselves prisonsers of Dashnaks..[4]
"New" Hummet
In 1992 a new social democratic party named Hummet was founded. The party has a low support and its policies are centrist and pro-government. Its leader is businessman Zakir Tagiev.
References
- ^ The seeds of national liberation
- ^ Ariel Cohen, "Russian Imperialism: Development and Crisis", Praeger/Greenwood 1996, p. 73, ISBN 0275964817
- ^ Firuz Kazemzadeh. "Struggle for Transcaucasia: 1917-1921", New York Philosophical Library, 1951
- ^ Жизнь Национальностей, No. 25 (33), 6th July, 1919 as cited in Firuz Kazemzadeh, open citation, p. 74.
Politics of Azerbaijan until 1920 Parties and organizations Hummet • Musavat • Adalat • Ejtima-i Amiyyun • Ittifaq • Baku Committee RSDLP • Union workers of Baku • Geyrat • Difai • Mudafie • Mujaidin • Birlik • Turkic Revolutionary Committee of the Social-Federalists • Azerbaijani National Council • Ittihad • Turkic Party of Decentralization • Azerbaijan Communist PartyPolitical figures Mehmet Emin Resulzade • Sultan Majid Afandiyev • Mammad Hasan Hajinski • Meshadi Azizbekov • Nariman Narimanov • Ja'far Pishevari • Ahmet Ağaoğlu • Samad Agha Agamaly oglu • Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli • Qatir Mammed • Aslanbek Kardashev • Qara QarabekovEvents Mazut constitution • Gachag movement XIX-XX centuries • March Days • Baku Commune • Centrocaspian Dictatorship • Battle of Baku • April coup in Baku • Baku operationPolitical press Akinchi • Hummet • Tekamul • Yoldash • Bakinskiy Rabochiy • Gudok • Bakinskiy Proletariy • Bakinskiy Den • Bakinskiye Vesti • Caucasian Word • Sea Wave • Trudovoy Golos • Bakinskiye Izvestiya • Irshad • Iqbal • Yeni Iqbal • Achig SozCategories:- Political parties in the Russian Empire
- Pre-1920 political parties in Azerbaijan
- Caucasian political party stubs
- Azerbaijan politics stubs
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