Jnana yoga

Jnana yoga

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Jyâna yoga (Devanāgarī: ज्ञान योग; the pronunciation can be approximated by jyaan yog") or "path of knowledge"[1] is one of the types of yoga mentioned in Hindu philosophies. Jyâna in Sanskrit means "knowledge".[2]

As used in the Bhagavad Gita, the Advaita philosopher Adi Shankara gave primary importance to jyâna yoga as "knowledge of the absolute" (Brahman), while the Vishishtadvaita commentator Ramanuja regarded knowledge only as a condition of devotion.[3] In the Bhagavad Gita (13.3) Krishna says that jyâna consists of properly understanding kshetra (the field of activity--that is, the body) and kshetra-jna (the knower of the body--that is, the soul). Later in the Gita (13.35) Krishna emphasizes that a transcendentalist must understand the difference between these two.[4]

Contents

Classification of means

Jyâna yoga teaches that there are four means to salvation:[5]

  • Viveka - Discrimination: The ability to differentiate between what is real/eternal (Brahman) and what is unreal/temporal (everything else in the universe.) This was an important concept in texts older even than the Bhagavad Gita, and often invoked the image of a Swan, which was said to be able to separate milk (or Soma) from water, whilst drinking.
  • Vairagya - Dispassion: After practice one should be able to "detach" her/himself from everything that is "temporary."
  • Shad-sampat - The 6 Virtues: Sama-Tranquility (control of the mind), Dama (control of the senses), Uparati (renunciation of activities that are not duties), Titiksha (endurance), Shraddha (faith), Samadhana (perfect concentration).
  • Mumukshutva - Intense longing for liberation from temporal legal traits.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ For translation of jyâna yoga as "path of knowledge" see: Flood (1996), p. 127.
  2. ^ For definition of jyâna as "knowledge" see: Apte, p. 457.
  3. ^ For the varying views of Shankara and Ramanuja, see: Flood (1996), p. 127.
  4. ^ B-Gita 13.35 "Those who see with eyes of knowledge the difference between the body and the knower of the body, and can also understand the process of liberation from bondage in material nature, attain to the supreme goal."
  5. ^ Shankara, Adi; Translator: Charles Johnston. "The Crest Jewel of Wisdom". pp. Ch. 1. http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/cjw/cjw05.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-28. 

References

  • Apte, Vaman Shivram (1965). The Practical Sanskrit Dictionary. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. ISBN 81-208-0567-4.  (Fourth revised and enlarged edition).
  • Basu, Asoke (June 2004). "Advaita Vedanta and Ethics". Religion East and West (4): 91–105 
  • Feuerstein, Georg (2001). The Yoga Tradition: Its History, Literature, Philosophy and Practice. Prescott, Arizona: Hohm Press. ISBN 1-890772-18-6.  (Unabridged, New Format Edition).
  • Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-43878-0. 
  • Puligandla, Ramakrishna (1985). Jñâna-Yoga--The Way of Knowledge (An Analytical Interpretation). New York: University Press of America. ISBN 0-8191-4531-9. 
  • Varenne, Jean; Derek Coltman (1976). Yoga and the Hindu Tradition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-85114-1. 



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  • Jnana-Yoga — (Sanskrit, m., ज्ञानयोग, jñānayoga, Yoga des Wissens), auch Jnanamarga, Weg des Wissens genannt, ist das Streben nach Erkenntnis der letzten Wahrheit, um Erlösung (Moksha) vom Kreislauf der Wiedergeburten zu erlangen. Nach hinduistischem… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Jnana Yoga — Ramana Maharishi Le Jnāna Yoga (Sanskrit : ज्ञानयोग), ou Yoga de la Connaissance [1], est l une des écoles traditionnelles du yoga de la philosophie hindoue ou āstika. Ce …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jnana yoga — Ramana Maharishi Le jñāna yoga ou jñānayoga (devanāgarī : ज्ञानयोग), ou yoga de la connaissance [1], est l une des écoles traditionnelles du yoga de la philosophie hindoue ou āstika. Il aurait été à l origin …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jñāna yoga — El gñana ioga o ‘sendero del conocimiento’[1] es uno de los tipos de yoga mencionados en el hinduismo. jñānayoga, en el sistema IAST de transliteración. ज्ञानयोग, en escritura devánagari. En inglés: jnana yoga. Pronunciación: /ñana ioga/ o bien… …   Wikipedia Español

  • jñāna yoga — El gñana ioga o ‘sendero del conocimiento’[1] es uno de los tipos de yoga mencionados en el hinduismo. jñānayoga, en el sistema IAST de transliteración. ज्ञानयोग, en escritura devánagari. En inglés: jnana yoga. Pronunciación: /ñana ioga/ o bien… …   Wikipedia Español

  • jnana yoga — /dʒəˈnanə joʊgə/ (say juh nahnuh yohguh) noun See yoga (def. 1). {Hindi (from Sanskrit) jñāna yoga, from jñāna knowledge, + yoga} …  

  • jnana-yoga — ˈyōgə noun Etymology: Sanskrit jñānayoga, from jñāna + yoga more at yoga Hinduism : spiritual discipline attained by philosophical knowledge …   Useful english dictionary

  • jnana yoga —    See Bhagavad Gita …   Encyclopedia of Hinduism

  • jñāna-yoga — ज्ञानयोग …   Indonesian dictionary

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