Paraphrase

Paraphrase

Paraphrase (IPA: /IPA|ˈpærəˌfreɪz/) is restatement of a text or passage, using other words. The term "paraphrase" derives via the Latin "paraphrasis" from the Greek "para phraseïn", meaning "additional manner of expression".

A paraphrase typically explains or clarifies the text that is being paraphrased. For example, "The signal was red" might be paraphrased as "The train was not allowed to proceed." When accompanying the original statement, a paraphrase is usually introduced with a "verbum dicendi" — a declaratory expression to signal the transition to the paraphrase. For example, in "The signal was red, "that is", the train was not allowed to proceed," the "that is" signals the paraphrase that follows.

A paraphrase need not accompany a direct quotation, but when this is so, the paraphrase typically serves to put the source's statement into perspective or to clarify the context in which it appeared. A paraphrase is typically more detailed than a summary.

One feature of a paraphrase is that it preserves the essential meaning of the material being paraphrased. Thus, the (intentional or otherwise) reinterpretation of a source to infer a meaning that is not explicitly evident in the source itself qualifies as "original research," and not as paraphrase.

Unlike a , which represents a "formal equivalent" of the source, a "para"phrase represents a "dynamic equivalent" thereof. While a metaphrase attempts to translate a text literally, a paraphrase conveys the essential thought expressed in a source text — if necessary, at the expense of literality. For details, see "Dynamic and formal equivalence."

References

*citation|last=Driscoll|first=Dana Lynn|title=Paraphrase: Write it in Your Own Words|date=2007-11-10|url=http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_paraphr.html|publisher=Purdue University Online Writing Lab


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую
Synonyms:

Look at other dictionaries:

  • PARAPHRASE — Dès l’Antiquité, la paraphrase figure dans les manuels pédagogiques pour la formation des futurs orateurs, au titre des progymnasmata («exercices préparatoires» à la rhétorique): ainsi chez Quintilien, Hermogène ou Aphtonios; c’est un exercice… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Paraphrase — bezeichnet: in der Sprache eine erklärende Umschreibung eines Sachverhalts oder Textes, siehe Paraphrase (Sprache) in der Musik die Umsetzung eines bestehenden Werkes in den Kontext eines anderen Stilbereichs, siehe Paraphrase (Musik) in der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Paraphrase — Par a*phrase (p[a^]r [.a]*fr[=a]z), n. [L. paraphrasis, Gr. para frasis, from parafra zein to say the same thing in other words; para beside + fra zein to speak: cf. F. paraphrase. See {Para }, and {Phrase}.] A restatement of a text, passage, or… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Paraphrase — Sf Umschreibung erw. fach. (17. Jh.) Entlehnung. Gräzisierende Bildung gr. paráphrasis, ml. paraphrasis, zu gr. phrásis Ausdruck (Phrase) und gr. para , eigentlich was neben der Rede ist, ihr hinzugefügt wird; erweiternde Rede .    Ebenso nndl.… …   Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache

  • paraphrase — Paraphrase. s. f. Explication plus estenduë & moins attachée à la lettre que la simple traduction. Paraphrase du Cantique des Cantiques. Paraphrase Chaldaique &c …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • paraphrase — [par′ə frāz΄] n. [Fr < L paraphrasis < Gr < paraphrazein, to say in other words: see PARA 1 & PHRASE] 1. a) a rewording of something spoken or written, usually for the purpose of making its meaning clearer b) the use of this as a… …   English World dictionary

  • Paraphrase — Par a*phrase, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Paraphrased}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Paraphrasing}.] To express, interpret, or translate with latitude; to give the meaning of a passage in other language. [1913 Webster] We are put to construe and paraphrase our own… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Paraphrase — Par a*phrase, v. i. To make a paraphrase. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • paraphrasé — paraphrasé, ée (pa ra frâ zé, zée) part. passé de paraphraser. Un texte paraphrasé …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • paraphrase — [n] translation, interpretation digest, explanation, rehash, rendering, rendition, rephrasing, restatement, rewording, summary, version; concepts 55,57,268 Ant. quotation paraphrase [v] interpret, translate express in other words, express in own… …   New thesaurus

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”