Thymine

Thymine

Chembox new
ImageFile1 = Thymine.png ImageSize1 = 150px
ImageFileL2 = Thymine-3D-balls.png ImageSizeL2 = 100px
ImageFileR2 = Thymine-3D-vdW.png ImageSizeR2 = 100px
ImageFile =
ImageSize =
IUPACName = 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1"H",3"H")-dione
OtherNames =
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
CASNo = 65-71-4
PubChem =
SMILES = CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O
MeSHName = Thymine
Section2 = Chembox Properties
Formula = C5H6N2O2
MolarMass = 126.11334 g/mol
Appearance =
Density =
MeltingPt = 316 - 317 °C
BoilingPt =
Section3 = Chembox Hazards
Solubility =
MainHazards =
FlashPt =
Autoignition =

Thymine is one of the four bases in the nucleic acid of DNA that make up the letters ATGC. The others are adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Thymine (T) always pairs with adenine. Thymine is also known as 5-methyluracil, a pyrimidine nucleobase. As the name suggests, thymine may be derived by methylation of uracil at the 5th carbon. In RNA, thymine is replaced with uracil in most cases. In DNA, thymine(T) binds to adenine (A) via two hydrogen bonds to assist in stabilizing the nucleic acid structures.

Thymine combined with deoxyribose creates the nucleoside deoxythymidine, which is synonymous with the term thymidine. Thymidine can be phosphorylated with one, two, or three phosphoric acid groups, creating, respectively, TMP, TDP, or TTP (thymidine mono-, di-, or triphosphate).

One of the common mutations of DNA involves two adjacent thymines or cytosine, which, in presence of ultraviolet light, may form thymine dimers, causing "kinks" in the DNA molecule that inhibit normal function.

Thymine could also be a target for actions of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in cancer treatment. 5-FU can be a metabolic analog of thymine (in DNA synthesis) or uracil (in RNA synthesis). Substitution of this analog inhibits DNA synthesis in actively-dividing cells.

Thymine bases are frequently oxidized to hydantoins over time after the death of an organism [Hofreiter M., Serre D., Poinar H.N., Kuch M., and Paabo S. "Nature Reviews Genetics" (2001) 2:353. ] .

References

ee also

*deoxyribose
*pyrimidine
*nucleobase
*deoxythymidine

*uracil

External links

* [http://www.compchemwiki.org/index.php?title=Thymine Computational Chemistry Wiki]
* [http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0848663.html Infoplease Encyclopedia]
* [http://www.scienceaid.co.uk/biology/genetics2/dna.html Science Aid: DNA Structure and Replication ]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Thymine — Structure de la 1,3H Thymine Général …   Wikipédia en Français

  • thymine — [ timin ] n. f. • 1877; de thymus et ine ♦ Biochim. Base pyrimidique entrant dans la composition des acides désoxyribonucléiques. ● thymine nom féminin Base pyrimidique C5H6N2O2, qui est un des constituants des acides désoxyribonucléiques.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • thymine — thymine. См. тимин. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • thymine — (n.) 1894, from thymic (1868, from Gk. thyme; see THYME (Cf. thyme)) + chemical suffix INE (Cf. ine) (2) …   Etymology dictionary

  • thymine — [thī′mēn΄, thī′min] n. [Ger thymin < Gr thymos, spirit (< IE * dhūmo < base * dheu , to blow > DULL, FUME) + Ger in, INE3] a white, crystalline, pyrimidine base, C5H6N2O2, contained in the nucleic acids of all tissue: it links with… …   English World dictionary

  • thymine — /thuy meen, min/, n. Biochem. a pyrimidine base, C5H6N2O2, that is one of the principal components of DNA, in which it is paired with adenine. Symbol: T [1890 95; THYM(IC)2 + INE2] * * * Organic compound of the pyrimidine family, often called a… …   Universalium

  • Thymine (T) — One member of the base pair A T (adenine thymine) in DNA …   Medical dictionary

  • thymine — timinas statusas T sritis chemija formulė CH₃C₄HN₂(OH)₂ santrumpa( os) Thy atitikmenys: angl. thymine rus. тимин ryšiai: sinonimas – 2,4 dihidroksi 5 metilpirimidinas …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • thymine — timinas statusas T sritis augalininkystė apibrėžtis Azotinė pirimidino bazė, įeinanti į DNR sudėtį.. atitikmenys: angl. thymine rus. тимин …   Žemės ūkio augalų selekcijos ir sėklininkystės terminų žodynas

  • Thymine-DNA glycosylase — Thymine DNA glycosylase, also known as TDG, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TDG thymine DNA glycosylase| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene Cmd=ShowDetailView TermToSearch=6996| accessdate = ] PBB Summary… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”