Agate Fossil Beds National Monument

Infobox_protected_area
name = Agate Fossil Beds National Monument
iucn_category = III

---

caption =
locator_x = 105
locator_y = 63
location = Sioux County, Nebraska, USA
nearest_city = Harrison, Nebraska
lat_degrees = 42
lat_minutes = 24
lat_seconds = 59
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 103
long_minutes = 43
long_seconds = 42
long_direction = W
area = 3,055.22 acres
(2,737.52 federal)
12.36 km²
established = June 14, 1997
visitation_num = 12,997
visitation_year = 2007
governing_body = National Park Service

Agate Fossil Beds National Monument is a U.S. National Monument near Harrison, Nebraska. The main feature of the Monument is a valley of the Niobrara River.

The area largely consists of grass-covered plains. Plants on the site include prairie sandreed, blue grama, little bluestem and needle and thread grass, and the wildflowers lupin, spiderwort, western wallflower and sunflowers.

History

The site is best known for the large number of well-preserved Miocene fossils, many of which were found at dig sites on Carnegie and University Hills. Fossils from the site, which date from about 20 million years ago, are among some of the best specimens of Miocene mammals. Species found at Agate include:
*"Miohippus", an ancestor of the modern horse,
*"Menoceras", a pony-sized rhinoceros,
*"Amphicyon", a bear dog,
*"Dinohyus", a giant pig-like ungulate,
*"Stenomylus", a gazelle-like camelid, and
*"Palaeocastor", land beavers that dug large corkscrew-shaped burrows ("Daemonelix")

Originally the Agate Springs Ranch, a working cattle ranch, was owned by Capt. James Cook. The monument's museum collection also contains more than 500 artifacts from the Cook Collection of Plains Indian artifacts.

The national monument was authorized on June 5, 1965, but was not established until June 14, 1997. The Harold J. Cook Homestead (Bone Cabin Complex) was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 24, 1977. Agate Fossil Beds is maintained by the National Park Service.

See also

* List of fossil sites
* Ashfall Fossil Beds

References

* "The National Parks: Index 2001–2003". Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.

External links

* Official NPS website: [http://www.nps.gov/agfo/ Agate Fossil Beds National Monument]