Salter-Harris fractures

Salter-Harris fractures

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Salter-Harris Fractures: Descriptive terms for fractures affecting the growth plate of a bone. Once bone growth has completed, the term "Salter-Harris Fracture" no longer applies.

Types

There are six types of Salter-Harris fractures: [Chorus|00358]

* Type I - A transverse fracture through the growth plate (also referred to as the "physis") [ [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/sh_type_i S.H. Type I - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics ] ] : 6% incidence

* Type II - A fracture through the growth plate and the metaphysis, sparing the epiphysis: [ [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/sh_type_ii S.H. Type II - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics ] ] 75% incidence

* Type III - A fracture through growth plate and epiphysis, sparing the metaphysis: [ [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/salter_harris_type_iii_frx Salter Harris Type III Frx - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics ] ] 8% incidence

* Type IV - A fracture through all three elements of the bone, the growth plate, metaphysis, and epiphysis: [ [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/salter_harris_type_iv Salter Harris: Type IV - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics ] ] 10% incidence

* Type V - A compression fracture of the growth plate (resulting in a decrease in the perceived space between the epiphysis and diaphysis on x-ray): [ [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/type_v Type V - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics ] ] 1% incidence

* Type VI - Injury to the peripheral portion of the physis and a resultant bony bridge formation which my produce an angular deformity. (Added in 1969 by Mercer Rang.)

ALTR mnemonic for classification

The mnemonic "SALTR" can be used to help remember the first five typescite web |title=Blueprints Radiology|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=coLSTFjlGqcC&oi=fnd&pg=PA12&dq=salter+harris+classification+SALTR&ots=WVQ-ieWDQQ&sig=qd2c4R78GMvcGqvLTa__G1oitQA#PPA83,M1 |first=Ryan|last=Davis|accessdate=2008-03-03] cite web |title=Radiopedia|url=http://www.radiopaedia.org/index.php?title=SALTR |first=Frank|last=Gaillard|accessdate=2008-03-03] cite web |title=Salter-Harris Fractures|url=http://members.fortunecity.com/radrep/id36.htm |first=Brian|last=Tidey|accessdate=2008-03-03] . This mnemonic requires the reader to imagine the bones as long bones, with the epiphyses at the base.

* I - S = Slipped. Slipped growth plate.
* II - A = Above. The fracture lies above the growth plate.
* III - L = Lower. The fracture is lower than (below) the growth plate.
* IV - T = Through. The fracture is through the growth plate (including the metaphysis and epiphysis).
* V - R = Rammed. The growth plate has been rammed (or ruined).

ee also

* Paul Jules Tillaux

References

External links

* [http://www.emedicine.com/orthoped/topic627.htm "Growth Plate (Physeal) Fractures" at emedicine.com]
* http://medicine.ucsd.edu/bonepit/Classifications/Salter%20Harris%20and%20Ogden%20classification%20of%20physeal%20fractures.htm


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