Academy Award for Best Actor

Academy Award for Best Actor
Academy Award for Best Actor
Awarded for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role
Presented by Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Country United States
First awarded 1929 (for performances in films released during the 1927/1928 film season)
Currently held by Colin Firth,
The King's Speech (2010)
Official website http://www.oscars.org

Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry. Prior to the 49th Academy Awards ceremony (1976), this award was simply known as the Academy Award of Merit for Performance by an Actor. Since its inception, however, the award has commonly been referred to as the Oscar for Best Actor. While actors are nominated for this award by Academy members who are actors and actresses themselves, winners are selected by the Academy membership as a whole.

History

Throughout the past 83 years, accounting for ties and repeat winners, AMPAS has presented a total of 84 Best Actor awards to 75 different actors. Winners of this Academy Award of Merit receive the familiar Oscar statuette, depicting a gold-plated knight holding a crusader's sword and standing on a reel of film. The first recipient was Emil Jannings, who was honored at the 1st Academy Awards ceremony (1929) for his performances in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. The most recent recipient was Colin Firth, who was honored at the 83rd Academy Awards ceremony (2011) for his performance in The King's Speech.

In the first three years of the Academy Awards, individuals such as actors and directors were nominated as the best in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award. However, during the 3rd Academy Awards ceremony (1930), only one of those films was cited in each winner's final award, even though each of the acting winners had had two films following their names on the ballots. For the 4th Academy Awards ceremony (1931), this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film. Such nominations are limited to five per year. Until the 8th Academy Awards ceremony (1936), nominations for the Best Actor award were intended to include all actors, whether the performance was in either a leading or supporting role. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony (1937), however, the Best Supporting Actor category was specifically introduced as a distinct award following complaints that the single Best Actor category necessarily favored leading performers with the most screen time. Nonetheless, Lionel Barrymore had received a Best Actor award (A Free Soul, 1931) and Franchot Tone a Best Actor nomination (Mutiny on the Bounty, 1936) for their performances in clear supporting roles. Currently, Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role, Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role, Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role, and Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role constitute the four Academy Awards of Merit for acting annually presented by AMPAS.

Other awards for acting

Actors have also received special awards, or Academy Honorary Awards, for acting in specific films (such as in the case of James Baskett, who received a special honorary award for Disney's Song of the South). Child actors have also been awarded the Academy Juvenile Award.

Superlatives

Superlative Best Actor Best Supporting Actor Overall
Actor with most awards Spencer Tracy
Fredric March
Gary Cooper
Marlon Brando
Dustin Hoffman
Tom Hanks
Jack Nicholson
Daniel Day-Lewis
Sean Penn
2 Walter Brennan 3 Walter Brennan
Jack Nicholson
3
Actor with most nominations Spencer Tracy
Laurence Olivier
9 Jack Nicholson
Claude Rains
Arthur Kennedy
Walter Brennan
4 Jack Nicholson 12
Actor with most nominations
(without ever winning)
Peter O'Toole 8 Claude Rains
Arthur Kennedy
4 Peter O'Toole 8
Film with most nominations Mutiny on the Bounty 3 On the Waterfront
The Godfather
The Godfather Part II
3 On the Waterfront
The Godfather
The Godfather Part II
4
Oldest winner Henry Fonda 76 George Burns 80 George Burns 80
Oldest nominee Richard Farnsworth 79 Hal Holbrook 82 Hal Holbrook 82
Youngest winner Adrien Brody 29 Timothy Hutton 20 Timothy Hutton 20
Youngest nominee Jackie Cooper 9 Justin Henry 8 Justin Henry 8

Nine men have won the Best Actor award twice. In chronological order, they are: Spencer Tracy (1937, 1938), Fredric March (1932, 1946), Gary Cooper (1941, 1952), Marlon Brando (1954, 1972), Dustin Hoffman (1979, 1988), Tom Hanks (1993, 1994), Jack Nicholson (1975, 1997), Daniel Day-Lewis (1989, 2007), and Sean Penn (2003, 2008). Of these, all were Americans except for Daniel Day-Lewis. Tracy and Hanks were the only actors to win their awards in consecutive years. Furthermore, Tracy and Hanks were the same age at the time they received their Academy Awards: 37 for the first and 38 for the second.

The periods between wins by the two-time winners are Spencer Tracy and Tom Hanks (1 year), Sean Penn (5 years), Dustin Hoffman (9 years), Gary Cooper (11 years), Fredric March (14 years), Marlon Brando (18 years), Daniel Day-Lewis (18 years), and Jack Nicholson (22 years).

The actors with the most nominations in this category are Spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier, with nine each. Paul Newman, Jack Nicholson, and Peter O'Toole tie for third place with eight nominations each. Nicholson won his awards a record 22 years apart. O'Toole holds the record for the longest time span between his first and last nominations (44 years), and he also holds the record for the greatest number of nominations without ever winning the award (eight).

Six actors have won both the Best Actor and the Best Supporting Actor awards: Jack Lemmon, Robert De Niro, Jack Nicholson, Gene Hackman, Kevin Spacey, and Denzel Washington.

Two actors have won an Academy Award (Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor) for portraying the same character, that of Don Vito Corleone in The Godfather and The Godfather Part II, respectively. The actors were Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.

There has been only one announced tie in the history of this category. In 1932, Fredric March received one more vote than Wallace Beery. Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under current Academy rules, however, dual awards are given only for exact ties. While that has never happened for the Best Actor award, it did happen for the Best Actress award in 1968 when Katherine Hepburn and Barbara Streisand both won, Hepburn for her role as Eleanor of Aquitane in The Lion in Winter and Streisand for her portrayal of Fanny Brice in Funny Lady. It was the second consecutive Oscar for Hepburn, who had won the award solo in 1967 for her star turn opposite Spencer Tracy in Guess Who's Coming To Dinner.

Peter Finch is the only posthumous winner of the Best Actor award, though he was alive when his nomination was announced (the only other posthumous winner in any acting category was another Australian, Heath Ledger, who won the Best Supporting Actor award in 2009). The only posthumously nominated performers in this category were James Dean, Spencer Tracy, and Massimo Troisi. Dean was posthumously nominated twice.

Three actors have been nominated for Best Actor more than once for the same character: Bing Crosby as Father O'Malley in Going My Way and The Bells of St. Mary's; Peter O'Toole as King Henry II in Becket and The Lion in Winter; and Paul Newman as "Fast Eddie" Felson in The Hustler and The Color of Money. (Al Pacino was nominated in 1975 for a role for which he had previously been nominated for Best Supporting Actor, Michael Corleone, in The Godfather Part II.)

Michael Douglas (1988, Wall Street) and Laurence Olivier (1949, Hamlet) are the only two actors to win the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Picture (Douglas as a producer of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest in 1976, and Olivier as producer of Hamlet). Olivier is also the only actor to win for acting and producing in the same year. Other Oscar nominees for Best Actor and Best Picture are: Clint Eastwood (acting nominations for Unforgiven, 1993, and Million Dollar Baby, 2005, winner for both in the Best Picture category); Kevin Costner, Best Actor nominee for Dances with Wolves and winning producer for the same film, in 1991; Paul Newman, Best Actor winner for The Color of Money and a Best Picture nominee for Rachel, Rachel in 1969; John Wayne, Best Actor winner for True Grit and a Best Picture nominee for The Alamo in 1961; Robert Redford, Best Actor nominee for The Sting and Best Picture nominee for Quiz Show; and Henry Fonda, Best Actor winner for On Golden Pond and a Best Picture nominee for 12 Angry Men in 1958. Warren Beatty has received Best Actor and Best Picture nominations for Bonnie and Clyde, Heaven Can Wait, Reds, and Bugsy, with no wins in either category.

Barry Fitzgerald is the only actor to be nominated for both Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor for the same character in the same year (as Father Fitzgibbon for Going My Way). The rules were later changed to prevent a recurrence of this.

Four African-American actors have won the award: Sidney Poitier, Denzel Washington, Jamie Foxx and Forest Whitaker.

Several pairs of actors have been nominated for playing the same character or historical figure: Fredric March and James Mason as Norman Maine in 1937's A Star Is Born and the 1954 version, Robert Donat and Peter O'Toole as Chipping in 1939's Goodbye, Mr. Chips and the 1969 version, Laurence Olivier and Kenneth Branagh as Henry V in 1944's Henry V and the 1989 version (both of which were directed by their stars), Charles Laughton and Richard Burton as Henry VIII in The Private Life of Henry VIII and Anne of the Thousand Days, Leslie Howard and Rex Harrison as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion and My Fair Lady, José Ferrer and Gérard Depardieu as Cyrano de Bergerac in 1950's Cyrano de Bergerac and the 1990 version, Robert Montgomery and Warren Beatty as Joe Pendleton in Here Comes Mr. Jordan and Heaven Can Wait, Anthony Hopkins and Frank Langella as Richard Nixon in Nixon and Frost/Nixon, and John Wayne and Jeff Bridges as Rooster Cogburn in the 1969's True Grit and 2010 version. Robert De Niro won Best Supporting Actor for playing Vito Corleone in The Godfather Part II, the role for which Marlon Brando had previously won Best Actor.

Laurence Olivier is the only actor to have won an Oscar for a Shakespearean performance: Best Actor for Hamlet (1948). Olivier also received an Academy Honorary Award for Henry V (1944).

Robert Downey, Jr. is the only actor nominated for playing a previous nominee, Charlie Chaplin, in Chaplin.

Jeff Bridges is one of the oldest actors ever to win an Academy Award; he was also one of the youngest actors ever to be nominated. In 2010, he won his Oscar for Crazy Heart at the age of 60; in 1972, he was nominated for The Last Picture Show at age 22.

Two actors directed their own Oscar-winning performances: Laurence Olivier in Hamlet and Roberto Benigni in Life Is Beautiful. To date, however, no individual has won both Best Actor and Best Director.

Two winners have declined the award: George C. Scott, who won for Patton in 1971 (he had also declined his 1962 nomination for Best Supporting Actor for The Hustler); and Marlon Brando, upon winning his second Oscar for The Godfather in 1973.

A few early winning and nominated performances have subsequently been lost, including Emil Jannings in The Way of All Flesh (1928), Lewis Stone in The Patriot (1928), and Lawrence Tibbett in The Rogue Song (1930), of which only a short fragment and the soundtrack survives.

The earliest nominee in this category who is still alive is Mickey Rooney (1939), followed by Kirk Douglas (1949). The earliest winner in this category who is still alive is Ernest Borgnine (1955), followed by Maximilian Schell (1962)—both won over Spencer Tracy The few remaining living nominees from the 1940s–50s Hollywood era include Kirk Douglas (3 nominations). Sidney Poitier also received his first nomination in 1958.

The earliest Oscars where all 5 Best Actor nominations are still alive is the 56th Academy Awards. While the most recent where all 5 have died was the 38th Academy Awards.

As of 2011 the earliest Oscars where all 4 acting winners are alive is the 34th Academy Awards, while the most recent where all 4 have died is the 39th Academy Awards.

Multiple nominations

The following 48 winners of the Academy Award for Best Actor have received multiple nominations for the award. This list is sorted by the number of total awards (with the number of total nominations listed in parentheses).

Life expectancy of winners

In 2001 Donald A. Redelmeier, MD, and Sheldon M. Singh, BSc published a study in the Annals of Internal Medicine in which they found:

"Winning an Academy Award was associated with a large gain in life expectancy for actors and actresses...Winning an Academy Award can increase a performer’s stature and may add to their longevity. The absolute difference in life expectancy is about equal to the societal consequence of curing all cancers in all people for all time (22, 23). Moreover, movie stars who have won multiple Academy Awards have a survival advantage of 6.0 years (CI, 0.7 to 11.3 years) over performers with multiple films but no victories. Formal education is not the only way to improve health, and strict poverty is not the only way to worsen health. The main implication is that higher status may be linked to lower mortality rates even at very impressive levels of achievement."[1]

The aforementioned authors did an update to 29 March 2006 in which they found 122 more individuals and 144 more deaths since their first publication. Their unadjusted analysis showed a smaller survival advantage of 3.6 years for winners compared to their fellow nominees and costars in the films in which their performance garnered them their award.[2] However, in a 2006 published study by Marie-Pierre Sylvestre, MSc, Ella Huszti, MSc, and James A. Hanley, PhD, the authors found:

"The statistical method used to derive this statistically significant difference gave winners an unfair advantage because it credited an Oscar winner's years of life before winning toward survival subsequent to winning. When the authors of the current article reanalyzed the data using methods that avoided this "immortal time" bias, the survival advantage was closer to 1 year and was not statistically significant. The bias in Redelmeier and Singh's study is not limited to longevity comparisons of persons who reach different ranks within their profession."[3]

Winners and nominees

Following the Academy's practice, the films below are listed by year of their Los Angeles qualifying run, which is usually (but not always) the film's year of release. For example, the Oscar for Best Actor of 1999 was announced during the award ceremony held in 2000. Winners are listed first in bold, followed by the other nominees.

For the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. For example, the 2nd Academy Awards presented on April 3, 1930, recognized films that were released between August 1, 1928 and July 31, 1929. Starting with the 7th Academy Awards, held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.

1920s

Year Actor Film Role
1927/28
(1st)
Emil Jannings The Last Command Gen. Dolgorucki / Grand Duke Sergius Alexander
The Way of All Flesh August Schilling
Richard Barthelmess The Noose Nickie Elkins
The Patent Leather Kid Patent Leather Kid
1928/29
(2nd)
Warner Baxter In Old Arizona The Cisco Kid
George Bancroft Thunderbolt Thunderbolt Jim Lang
Chester Morris Alibi Chick Williams (No. 1065)
Paul Muni The Valiant James Dyke
Lewis Stone The Patriot Count Pahlen

1930s

Year Actor Film Role
1929/30
(3rd)
George Arliss Disraeli Benjamin Disraeli
George Arliss The Green Goddess The Raja of Rukh
Wallace Beery The Big House 'Machine Gun' Butch Schmidt
Maurice Chevalier The Big Pond Pierre Mirande
Maurice Chevalier The Love Parade Count Alfred Renard
Ronald Colman Bulldog Drummond Capt. Hugh 'Bulldog' Drummond
Ronald Colman Condemned Michel
Lawrence Tibbett The Rogue Song Yegor
1930/31
(4th)
Lionel Barrymore A Free Soul Stephen Ashe
Adolphe Menjou The Front Page Walter Burns
Jackie Cooper Skippy Skippy Skinner
Richard Dix Cimarron Yancey Cravat
Fredric March The Royal Family of Broadway Tony Cavendish
1931/32
(5th)
Wallace Beery (tie) The Champ Andy "Champ" Purcell
Fredric March (tie) Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Dr. Henry L. Jekyll / Mr. Hyde
Alfred Lunt The Guardsman The Actor
1932/33
(6th)
Charles Laughton The Private Life of Henry VIII King Henry VIII of England
Leslie Howard Berkeley Square Peter Standish
Paul Muni I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang James Allen
1934
(7th)
Clark Gable It Happened One Night Peter Warne
Frank Morgan The Affairs of Cellini Alessandro - Duke of Florence
William Powell The Thin Man Nick Charles
1935
(8th)
Victor McLaglen The Informer Gypo Nolan
Clark Gable Mutiny on the Bounty Fletcher Christian
Charles Laughton Mutiny on the Bounty William Bligh
Paul Muni Black Fury Joe Radek
Franchot Tone Mutiny on the Bounty Roger Byam
1936
(9th)
Paul Muni The Story of Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur
Gary Cooper Mr. Deeds Goes to Town Longfellow Deeds
Walter Huston Dodsworth Sam Dodsworth
William Powell My Man Godfrey Godfrey Park
Spencer Tracy San Francisco Father Tim Mullin
1937
(10th)
Spencer Tracy Captains Courageous Manuel
Charles Boyer Conquest Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte
Fredric March A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Robert Montgomery Night Must Fall Danny
Paul Muni The Life of Emile Zola Émile Zola
1938
(11th)
Spencer Tracy Boys Town Father Flanagan
Charles Boyer Algiers Pepe le Moko
James Cagney Angels with Dirty Faces Rocky Sullivan
Robert Donat The Citadel Dr. Andrew Manson
Leslie Howard Pygmalion Professor Henry Higgins
1939
(12th)
Robert Donat Goodbye, Mr. Chips Arthur Chipping
Clark Gable Gone with the Wind Rhett Butler
Laurence Olivier Wuthering Heights Heathcliff
Mickey Rooney Babes in Arms Mickey Moran
James Stewart Mr. Smith Goes to Washington Jefferson Smith

1940s

Year Actor Film Role(s)
1940
(13th)
James Stewart The Philadelphia Story Macaulay Connor
Charlie Chaplin The Great Dictator Adenoid Hynkel (Dictator of Tomania)
A Jewish Barber
Henry Fonda The Grapes of Wrath Tom Joad
Raymond Massey Abe Lincoln in Illinois Abraham Lincoln
Laurence Olivier Rebecca 'Maxim' de Winter
1941
(14th)
Gary Cooper Sergeant York Alvin C. York
Cary Grant Penny Serenade Roger Adams
Walter Huston The Devil and Daniel Webster Mr. Scratch
Robert Montgomery Here Comes Mr. Jordan Joe Pendleton
Orson Welles Citizen Kane Charles Foster Kane
1942
(15th)
James Cagney Yankee Doodle Dandy George M. Cohan
Ronald Colman Random Harvest Charles Rainier
Gary Cooper The Pride of the Yankees Lou Gehrig
Walter Pidgeon Mrs. Miniver Clem Miniver
Monty Woolley The Pied Piper Howard
1943
(16th)
Paul Lukas Watch on the Rhine Kurt Muller
Humphrey Bogart Casablanca Rick Blaine
Gary Cooper For Whom the Bell Tolls Robert Jordan
Walter Pidgeon Madame Curie Pierre Curie
Mickey Rooney The Human Comedy Homer Macauley
1944
(17th)
Bing Crosby Going My Way Father Chuck O'Malley
Charles Boyer Gaslight Gregory Anton
Barry Fitzgerald Going My Way Father Fitzgibbon
Cary Grant None but the Lonely Heart Ernie Mott
Alexander Knox Wilson Woodrow Wilson
1945
(18th)
Ray Milland The Lost Weekend Don Birnam
Bing Crosby The Bells of St. Mary's Father Chuck O'Malley
Gene Kelly Anchors Aweigh Joseph Brady
Gregory Peck The Keys of the Kingdom Father Francis
Cornel Wilde A Song to Remember Frédéric Chopin
1946
(19th)
Fredric March The Best Years of Our Lives Al Stephenson
Laurence Olivier Henry V King Henry V of England
Larry Parks The Jolson Story Al Jolson
Gregory Peck The Yearling Ezra 'Penny' Baxter
James Stewart It's a Wonderful Life George Bailey
1947
(20th)
Ronald Colman A Double Life Anthony John
John Garfield Body and Soul Charlie Davis
Gregory Peck Gentleman's Agreement Philip Schuyler Green
William Powell Life with Father Clarence Day, Sr.
Michael Redgrave Mourning Becomes Electra Orin Mannon
1948
(21st)
Laurence Olivier Hamlet Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
Lew Ayres Johnny Belinda Dr. Robert Richardson
Montgomery Clift The Search Ralph 'Steve' Stevenson
Dan Dailey When My Baby Smiles at Me 'Skid' Johnson
Clifton Webb Sitting Pretty Lynn Belvedere
1949
(22nd)
Broderick Crawford All the King's Men Willie Stark
Kirk Douglas Champion Michael 'Midge' Kelly
Gregory Peck Twelve O'Clock High General Savage
Richard Todd The Hasty Heart Cpl. Lachlan 'Lachie' MacLachlan
John Wayne Sands of Iwo Jima Sgt. John M. Stryker

1950s

Year Actor Film Role(s)
1950
(23rd)
José Ferrer Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac
Louis Calhern The Magnificent Yankee Oliver Wendell Holmes
William Holden Sunset Boulevard Joe Gillis
James Stewart Harvey Elwood P. Dowd
Spencer Tracy Father of the Bride Stanley T. Banks
1951
(24th)
Humphrey Bogart The African Queen Charlie Allnut
Marlon Brando A Streetcar Named Desire Stanley Kowalski
Montgomery Clift A Place in the Sun George Eastman
Arthur Kennedy Bright Victory Larry Nevins
Fredric March Death of a Salesman Willy Loman
1952
(25th)
Gary Cooper High Noon Marshal Will Kane
Marlon Brando Viva Zapata! Emiliano Zapata
Kirk Douglas The Bad and the Beautiful Jonathan Shields
José Ferrer Moulin Rouge Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
The Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec
Alec Guinness The Lavender Hill Mob Henry Holland
1953
(26th)
William Holden Stalag 17 Sgt. J.J. Sefton
Marlon Brando Julius Caesar Mark Antony
Richard Burton The Robe Marcellus Gallio
Montgomery Clift From Here to Eternity Pvt. Robert E. Lee 'Prew' Prewitt
Burt Lancaster From Here to Eternity 1st Sgt. Milton Warden
1954
(27th)
Marlon Brando On the Waterfront Terry Malloy
Humphrey Bogart The Caine Mutiny Lt. Cmdr. Philip Francis Queeg
Bing Crosby The Country Girl Frank Elgin
James Mason A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Dan O'Herlihy Adventures of Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe
1955
(28th)
Ernest Borgnine Marty Marty Piletti
James Cagney Love Me or Leave Me Martin Snyder
James Dean (posthumous nomination) East of Eden Cal Trask
Frank Sinatra The Man with the Golden Arm Frankie Machine
Spencer Tracy Bad Day at Black Rock John J. Macreedy
1956
(29th)
Yul Brynner The King and I King Mongkut of Siam
James Dean (posthumous nomination) Giant Jett Rink
Kirk Douglas Lust for Life Vincent van Gogh
Rock Hudson Giant Jordan "Bick" Benedict Jr.
Laurence Olivier Richard III King Richard III of England
1957
(30th)
Alec Guinness The Bridge on the River Kwai Colonel Nicholson
Marlon Brando Sayonara Maj. Lloyd 'Ace' Gruver - USAF
Anthony Franciosa A Hatful of Rain Polo Pope
Charles Laughton Witness for the Prosecution Sir Wilfrid Robarts
Anthony Quinn Wild Is the Wind Gino
1958
(31st)
David Niven Separate Tables Major Angus Pollock
Tony Curtis The Defiant Ones John 'Joker' Jackson
Paul Newman Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Brick Pollitt
Sidney Poitier The Defiant Ones Noah Cullen
Spencer Tracy The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man
1959
(32nd)
Charlton Heston Ben-Hur Judah Ben-Hur
Laurence Harvey Room at the Top Joe Lampton
Jack Lemmon Some Like It Hot Jerry
Paul Muni The Last Angry Man Dr. Sam Abelman
James Stewart Anatomy of a Murder Paul Biegler

1960s

Year Actor Film Role(s)
1960
(33rd)
Burt Lancaster Elmer Gantry Elmer Gantry
Trevor Howard Sons and Lovers Walter Morel
Jack Lemmon The Apartment C. C. 'Bud' Baxter
Laurence Olivier The Entertainer Archie Rice
Spencer Tracy Inherit the Wind Henry Drummond
1961
(34th)
Maximilian Schell Judgment at Nuremberg Hans Rolfe
Charles Boyer Fanny Cesar
Paul Newman The Hustler Eddie Felson
Spencer Tracy Judgment at Nuremberg Chief Judge Dan Haywood
Stuart Whitman The Mark Jim Fuller
1962
(35th)
Gregory Peck To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Finch
Burt Lancaster Birdman of Alcatraz Robert Stroud
Jack Lemmon Days of Wine and Roses Joe Clay
Marcello Mastroianni Divorce, Italian Style Ferdinando Cefalù
Peter O'Toole Lawrence of Arabia T. E. Lawrence
1963
(36th)
Sidney Poitier Lilies of the Field Homer Smith
Albert Finney Tom Jones Tom Jones
Richard Harris This Sporting Life Frank Machin
Rex Harrison Cleopatra Julius Caesar
Paul Newman Hud Hud Bannon
1964
(37th)
Rex Harrison My Fair Lady Professor Henry Higgins
Richard Burton Becket Thomas Becket
Peter O'Toole Becket King Henry II of England
Anthony Quinn Zorba the Greek Alexis Zorba
Peter Sellers Dr. Strangelove Group Captain Lionel Mandrake
President Merkin Muffley
Dr. Strangelove
1965
(38th)
Lee Marvin Cat Ballou Kid Shelleen
Tim Strawn
Richard Burton The Spy Who Came in from the Cold Alec Leamas
Laurence Olivier Othello Othello
Rod Steiger The Pawnbroker Sol Nazerman
Oskar Werner Ship of Fools Willie Schumann
1966
(39th)
Paul Scofield A Man for All Seasons Sir Thomas More
Alan Arkin The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming Lt. Rozanov
Richard Burton Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? George
Michael Caine Alfie Alfie Elkins
Steve McQueen The Sand Pebbles Jake Holman
1967
(40th)
Rod Steiger In the Heat of the Night Police Chief Bill Gillespie
Warren Beatty Bonnie and Clyde Clyde Barrow
Dustin Hoffman The Graduate Benjamin Braddock
Paul Newman Cool Hand Luke Luke Jackson
Spencer Tracy (posthumous nomination) Guess Who's Coming to Dinner Matt Drayton
1968
(41st)
Cliff Robertson Charly Charly Gordon
Alan Arkin The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter John Singer
Alan Bates The Fixer Yakov Bok
Ron Moody Oliver! Fagin
Peter O'Toole The Lion in Winter King Henry II of England
1969
(42nd)
John Wayne True Grit Rooster Cogburn
Richard Burton Anne of the Thousand Days King Henry VIII of England
Dustin Hoffman Midnight Cowboy Enrico Salvatore 'Ratso' Rizzo
Peter O'Toole Goodbye, Mr. Chips Arthur Chipping
Jon Voight Midnight Cowboy Joe Buck

1970s

Year Actor Film Role
1970
(43rd)
George C. Scott (declined) Patton Gen. George S. Patton Jr.
Melvyn Douglas I Never Sang for My Father Tom Garrison
James Earl Jones The Great White Hope Jack Jefferson
Jack Nicholson Five Easy Pieces Robert Eroica Dupea
Ryan O'Neal Love Story Oliver Barrett IV
1971
(44th)
Gene Hackman The French Connection Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle
Peter Finch Sunday Bloody Sunday Doctor Daniel Hirsh
Walter Matthau Kotch Joseph P. Kotcher
George C. Scott The Hospital Doctor Herbert Bock
Topol Fiddler on the Roof Tevye
1972
(45th)
Marlon Brando (declined) The Godfather Vito Corleone
Michael Caine Sleuth Milo Tindle
Laurence Olivier Sleuth Andrew Wyke
Peter O'Toole The Ruling Class Jack Gurney, 14th Earl of Gurney
Paul Winfield Sounder Nathan Lee Morgan
1973
(46th)
Jack Lemmon Save the Tiger Harry Stoner
Marlon Brando Last Tango in Paris Paul
Jack Nicholson The Last Detail Buddusky
Al Pacino Serpico Frank Serpico
Robert Redford The Sting Johnny Hooker
1974
(47th)
Art Carney Harry and Tonto Harry Coombes
Albert Finney Murder on the Orient Express Hercule Poirot
Dustin Hoffman Lenny Lenny Bruce
Jack Nicholson Chinatown Jake 'J.J.' Gittes
Al Pacino The Godfather Part II Michael Corleone
1975
(48th)
Jack Nicholson One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest Randle Patrick McMurphy
Walter Matthau The Sunshine Boys Willy Clark
Al Pacino Dog Day Afternoon Sonny Wortzik
Maximilian Schell The Man in the Glass Booth Arthur Goldman
James Whitmore Give 'em Hell, Harry! Harry S. Truman
1976
(49th)
Peter Finch (posthumous win) Network Howard Beale
Robert De Niro Taxi Driver Travis Bickle
Giancarlo Giannini Seven Beauties Pasqualino Frafuso
William Holden Network Max Schumacher
Sylvester Stallone Rocky Rocky Balboa
1977
(50th)
Richard Dreyfuss The Goodbye Girl Elliot Garfield
Woody Allen Annie Hall Alvy Singer
Richard Burton Equus Martin Dysart
Marcello Mastroianni A Special Day Gabriele
John Travolta Saturday Night Fever Tony Manero
1978
(51st)
Jon Voight Coming Home Luke Martin
Warren Beatty Heaven Can Wait Joe Pendleton
Gary Busey The Buddy Holly Story Buddy Holly
Robert De Niro The Deer Hunter Michael Vronsky
Laurence Olivier The Boys from Brazil Ezra Lieberman
1979
(52nd)
Dustin Hoffman Kramer vs. Kramer Ted Kramer
Jack Lemmon The China Syndrome Jack Godell
Al Pacino …And Justice for All Arthur Kirkland
Roy Scheider All That Jazz Joe Gideon
Peter Sellers Being There Chance

1980s

Year Actor Film Role
1980
(53rd)
Robert De Niro Raging Bull Jake LaMotta
Robert Duvall The Great Santini Lieutenant Colonel Bull Meechum
John Hurt The Elephant Man John Merrick
Jack Lemmon Tribute Scottie Templeton
Peter O'Toole The Stunt Man Eli Cross
1981
(54th)
Henry Fonda On Golden Pond Norman Thayer
Warren Beatty Reds John Reed
Burt Lancaster Atlantic City Lou Pascal
Dudley Moore Arthur Arthur Bach
Paul Newman Absence of Malice Michael Colin Gallagher
1982
(55th)
Ben Kingsley Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Dustin Hoffman Tootsie Michael Dorsey / Dorothy Michaels
Jack Lemmon Missing Ed Horman
Paul Newman The Verdict Frank Galvin
Peter O'Toole My Favorite Year Alan Swann
1983
(56th)
Robert Duvall Tender Mercies Mac Sledge
Michael Caine Educating Rita Dr. Frank Bryant
Tom Conti Reuben, Reuben Gowan McGland
Tom Courtenay The Dresser Norman
Albert Finney The Dresser Sir
1984
(57th)
F. Murray Abraham Amadeus Antonio Salieri
Jeff Bridges Starman Starman
Albert Finney Under the Volcano Geoffrey Firmin
Tom Hulce Amadeus Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Sam Waterston The Killing Fields Sydney Schanberg
1985
(58th)
William Hurt Kiss of the Spider Woman Luis Molina
Harrison Ford Witness Detective Captain John Book
James Garner Murphy's Romance Murphy Jones
Jack Nicholson Prizzi's Honor Charley Partanna
Jon Voight Runaway Train Oscar 'Manny' Manheim
1986
(59th)
Paul Newman The Color of Money Fast Eddie Felson
Dexter Gordon Round Midnight Dale Turner
Bob Hoskins Mona Lisa George
William Hurt Children of a Lesser God James Leeds
James Woods Salvador Richard Boyle
1987
(60th)
Michael Douglas Wall Street Gordon Gekko
William Hurt Broadcast News Tom Grunick
Marcello Mastroianni Dark Eyes Romano
Jack Nicholson Ironweed Francis Phelan
Robin Williams Good Morning, Vietnam Adrian Cronauer
1988
(61st)
Dustin Hoffman Rain Man Raymond Babbitt
Gene Hackman Mississippi Burning Agent Rupert Anderson
Tom Hanks Big Josh Baskin
Edward James Olmos Stand and Deliver Jaime Escalante
Max von Sydow Pelle the Conqueror Lassefar
1989
(62nd)
Daniel Day-Lewis My Left Foot Christy Brown
Kenneth Branagh Henry V King Henry V of England
Tom Cruise Born on the Fourth of July Ron Kovic
Morgan Freeman Driving Miss Daisy Hoke Colburn
Robin Williams Dead Poets Society John Keating

1990s

Year Actor Film Role
1990
(63rd)
Jeremy Irons Reversal of Fortune Claus von Bülow
Kevin Costner Dances with Wolves Lieutenant John J. Dunbar
Robert De Niro Awakenings Leonard Lowe
Gérard Depardieu Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac
Richard Harris The Field 'Bull' McCabe
1991
(64th)
Anthony Hopkins The Silence of the Lambs Hannibal Lecter
Warren Beatty Bugsy Bugsy Siegel
Robert De Niro Cape Fear Max Cady
Nick Nolte The Prince of Tides Tom Wingo
Robin Williams The Fisher King Parry
1992
(65th)
Al Pacino Scent of a Woman Lieutenant Colonel Frank Slade
Robert Downey, Jr. Chaplin Charlie Chaplin
Clint Eastwood Unforgiven William 'Bill' Munny
Stephen Rea The Crying Game Fergus
Denzel Washington Malcolm X Malcolm X
1993
(66th)
Tom Hanks Philadelphia Andrew Beckett
Daniel Day-Lewis In the Name of the Father Gerry Conlon
Laurence Fishburne What's Love Got to Do with It Ike Turner
Anthony Hopkins The Remains of the Day James Stevens
Liam Neeson Schindler's List Oskar Schindler
1994
(67th)
Tom Hanks Forrest Gump Forrest Gump
Morgan Freeman The Shawshank Redemption Ellis Boyd 'Red' Redding
Nigel Hawthorne The Madness of King George King George III of the United Kingdom
Paul Newman Nobody's Fool Sully Sullivan
John Travolta Pulp Fiction Vincent Vega
1995
(68th)
Nicolas Cage Leaving Las Vegas Ben Sanderson
Richard Dreyfuss Mr. Holland's Opus Glenn Holland
Anthony Hopkins Nixon Richard Nixon
Sean Penn Dead Man Walking Matthew Poncelet
Massimo Troisi (posthumous nomination) Il Postino Mario Ruoppolo
1996
(69th)
Geoffrey Rush Shine David Helfgott
Tom Cruise Jerry Maguire Jerry Maguire
Ralph Fiennes The English Patient Count Laszlo de Almásy
Woody Harrelson The People vs. Larry Flynt Larry Flynt
Billy Bob Thornton Sling Blade Karl Childers
1997
(70th)
Jack Nicholson As Good as It Gets Melvin Udall
Matt Damon Good Will Hunting Will Hunting
Robert Duvall The Apostle Euliss 'Sonny' Dewey - The Apostle E.F.
Peter Fonda Ulee's Gold Ulee Jackson
Dustin Hoffman Wag the Dog Stanley Motss
1998
(71st)
Roberto Benigni Life Is Beautiful Guido Orefice
Tom Hanks Saving Private Ryan Captain John Miller
Ian McKellen Gods and Monsters James Whale
Nick Nolte Affliction Wade Whitehouse
Edward Norton American History X Derek Vinyard
1999
(72nd)
Kevin Spacey American Beauty Lester Burnham
Russell Crowe The Insider Jeffrey Wigand
Richard Farnsworth The Straight Story Alvin Straight
Sean Penn Sweet and Lowdown Emmet Ray
Denzel Washington The Hurricane Rubin 'Hurricane' Carter

2000s

Year Actor Film Role(s)
2000
(73rd)
Russell Crowe Gladiator Maximus Decimus Meridius
Javier Bardem Before Night Falls Reinaldo Arenas
Tom Hanks Cast Away Chuck Noland
Ed Harris Pollock Jackson Pollock
Geoffrey Rush Quills The Marquis de Sade
2001
(74th)
Denzel Washington Training Day Alonzo Harris
Russell Crowe A Beautiful Mind John Forbes Nash, Jr.
Sean Penn I Am Sam Sam Dawson
Will Smith Ali Muhammad Ali
Tom Wilkinson In the Bedroom Dr. Matthew Fowler
2002
(75th)
Adrien Brody The Pianist Władysław Szpilman
Nicolas Cage Adaptation. Charlie Kaufman
Donald Kaufman
Michael Caine The Quiet American Thomas Fowler
Daniel Day-Lewis Gangs of New York William "Bill the Butcher" Cutting
Jack Nicholson About Schmidt Warren R. Schmidt
2003
(76th)
Sean Penn Mystic River Jimmy Markum
Johnny Depp Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Captain Jack Sparrow
Ben Kingsley House of Sand and Fog Behrani
Jude Law Cold Mountain Inman
Bill Murray Lost in Translation Bob Harris
2004
(77th)
Jamie Foxx Ray Ray Charles
Don Cheadle Hotel Rwanda Paul Rusesabagina
Johnny Depp Finding Neverland Sir J.M. Barrie
Leonardo DiCaprio The Aviator Howard Hughes
Clint Eastwood Million Dollar Baby Frankie Dunn
2005
(78th)
Philip Seymour Hoffman Capote Truman Capote
Terrence Howard Hustle & Flow Djay
Heath Ledger Brokeback Mountain Ennis Del Mar
Joaquin Phoenix Walk the Line Johnny Cash
David Strathairn Good Night, and Good Luck Edward R. Murrow
2006
(79th)
Forest Whitaker The Last King of Scotland Idi Amin
Leonardo DiCaprio Blood Diamond Danny Archer
Ryan Gosling Half Nelson Dan Dunne
Peter O'Toole Venus Maurice
Will Smith The Pursuit of Happyness Chris Gardner
2007
(80th)
Daniel Day-Lewis There Will Be Blood Daniel Plainview
George Clooney Michael Clayton Michael Clayton
Johnny Depp Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Sweeney Todd
Tommy Lee Jones In the Valley of Elah Hank Deerfield
Viggo Mortensen Eastern Promises Nikolai Luzhin
2008
(81st)
Sean Penn Milk Harvey Milk
Richard Jenkins The Visitor Walter Vale
Frank Langella Frost/Nixon Richard Nixon
Brad Pitt The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Benjamin Button
Mickey Rourke The Wrestler Randy "The Ram" Robinson
2009
(82nd)
Jeff Bridges Crazy Heart Bad Blake
George Clooney Up in the Air Ryan Bingham
Colin Firth A Single Man George Falconer
Morgan Freeman Invictus Nelson Mandela
Jeremy Renner The Hurt Locker SFC William James

2010s

Year Actor Film Role(s)
2010
(83rd)
Colin Firth The King's Speech King George VI
Javier Bardem Biutiful Uxbal
Jeff Bridges True Grit Rooster Cogburn
Jesse Eisenberg The Social Network Mark Zuckerberg
James Franco 127 Hours Aron Ralston

International presence

There is significant international presence at the awards, as evidenced by the following list of winners for the Academy Award for Best Actor.

There have been two years in which all four of the top acting Academy Awards were presented to non-Americans.

See also

References

  1. ^ Redelmeier, Donald A. & Singh, Sheldon M. (15 May 2001), "Survival in Academy Award–Winning Actors and Actresses", Annals of Internal Medicine: 961, http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/134/10/955.pdf, retrieved 14 Jan 2009 
  2. ^ Redelmeier, Donald A. & Singh, Sheldon M. (5 Sep 2006), "Reanalysis of Survival of Oscar Winners", Annals of Internal Medicine: 392, http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/145/5/392-a.pdf, retrieved 14 Jan 2009 
  3. ^ Sylvestre, Marie-Pierre, Huszti, Ella & Hanley, James A. (5 Sep 2006), "Do Oscar Winners Live Longer than Less Successful Peers? A Reanalysis of the Evidence", Annals of Internal Medicine: 361, http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/145/5/361.pdf, retrieved 14 Jan 2009 

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