Chyle

Chyle

Chyle (from the Greek word chylos, meaning juice[1]) is a milky bodily fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats, or free fatty acids (FFAs). It is formed in the small intestine during digestion of fatty foods, and taken up by lymph vessels specifically known as lacteals. The relative low pressure of the lacteals allows large fatty acid molecules to diffuse into them, whereas the higher pressure in veins allows only smaller products of digestion, like amino acids and sugars, to diffuse into the blood directly.[2][3]

Contents

Pathology

A chyle fistula is a leakage of lymphatic fluid from the lymphatic vessels, typically accumulating in the thoracic or abdominal cavities.[4]

Treatment of a chyle fistula relies on ligation of the duct. This is because direct repair is impractical owing to the extreme friability of the thoracic duct.

An alternative treatment is the subcutaneous use of the drug octreotide (a synthetic analogue of somatostatin). This can lead to complete resolution of production of chyle, and avoids the need for surgery.[5]

See also

References

See also: chylomicron

  1. ^ Mosby’s Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Mosby-Year Book Inc., 1994, p. 335
  2. ^ Magendie, Par F. Elementary Treatise on Human Physiology originally published in French 1838, translated into English and published 1855 by Harper Brothers, New York
  3. ^ Lipid Transport and Digestion
  4. ^ Tessier, Deron J , MD, Chyle fistula eMedicine; Jan 10, 2008; accessed Feb 2008
  5. ^ Mincher L, Evans J, Jenner MW, Varney VA. The successful treatment of chylous effusions in malignant disease with octreotide. Clinical Oncology. 2005 Apr;17(2):118-21. [1]

External links



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Look at other dictionaries:

  • chyle — chyle …   Dictionnaire des rimes

  • chyle — [ ʃil ] n. m. • chile fin XIVe; lat. méd. chylus, gr. khulos « suc » ♦ Physiol. Liquide d aspect laiteux résultant de la transformation dans l intestin des aliments mélangés aux sucs digestifs, qui est absorbé par les vaisseaux lymphatiques (⇒… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Chyle — Chyle, n. [NL. chylus, Gr. ? juice, chyle, fr. ? to pour: cf. F. chyle; prob. akin to E. fuse to melt.] (Physiol.) A milky fluid containing the fatty matter of the food in a state of emulsion, or fine mechanical division; formed from chyme by the …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • chyle — CHYLE. s. mas. Suc blanc qui se forme de la partie la plus subtile des alimens digérés. Les alimens se tournent en chyle …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie Française 1798

  • chyle — CHYLE. s. m. Suc blanc qui est fait des viandes digerées. Les aliments se tournent en chyle …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • chyle — [kīl] n. [LL chylus < Gr chylos, juice, humor, chyle < cheein, to pour: see FOUND3] a milky fluid composed of lymph and emulsified fats: it is formed from chyme in the small intestine, is absorbed by the lacteals, and is passed into the… …   English World dictionary

  • chyle — 1540s, from L.L. chylus, from Gk. khylos juice (of plants, animals, etc.), from stem of khein to pour, gush forth, from PIE *ghus mo , from root *gheu to pour, pour a libation …   Etymology dictionary

  • chyle — ► NOUN Physiology ▪ a milky fluid which drains from the small intestine into the lymphatic system during digestion. DERIVATIVES chylous adjective. ORIGIN Greek kh los juice …   English terms dictionary

  • chyle — (chi l ) s. m. Terme de physiologie. Fluide qui, dans les intestins grêles, est séparé des aliments pendant l acte de la digestion, et que les vaisseaux dits chylifères pompent à la surface de l intestin, et portent dans le sang pour servir à sa… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

  • chyle —   n. milky fat containing fluid secreted into blood by lactic vessels in small intestine.    ♦ chylaceous, a.    ♦ chylific, a. producing chyle.    ♦ chyliform, a. like chyle.    ♦ chylocauly, n. Botany, possession of fleshy leaves.    ♦… …   Dictionary of difficult words

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