The Other Gods

"The Other Gods" is a short story written by American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft on August 14, 1921. [ [http://www.hplovecraft.com/writings/fiction/ "Lovecraft's Fiction"] , The H. P. Lovecraft Archive.] It was first published in the November 1933 issue of "The Fantasy Fan". [ [http://www.hplovecraft.com/writings/fiction/og.asp "H. P. Lovecraft’s 'The Other Gods'"] , The H. P. Lovecraft Archive.]

Plot summary

Barzai the Wise, a high priest and prophet greatly learned in the lore of the "gods of earth", or Great Ones, attempts to scale the mountain of Hatheg-Kla in order to look upon their faces, accompanied by his young disciple Atal. Upon reaching the peak, Barzai at first seems overjoyed until he finds that the "gods of the earth" are not there, but rather the "other gods, the gods of the outer hells that guard the feeble gods of earth!" Atal flees and Barzai is never seen again.

Characters

Atal

Atal first appears in Lovecraft's "The Cats of Ulthar" (1920) as the young son of an innkeeper in Ulthar who witnesses the weird rites of the cats on the night that the old cotter and his wife are killed. In "The Other Gods", he becomes the apprentice of Barzai the Wise and accompanies him on his doomed climb to the top of Mount Hatheg-Kla to see the gods.

When Randolph Carter visits Atal in "The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath" (1926), he is the patriarch of the Temple of the Elder Ones and is now well over 300 years old, "but still very keen of mind and memory". After many drafts of moon-wine, he reveals an important piece of information that helps Carter in his quest. As befits his age and station, Atal sports a long beard.

Atal is also the synonym of a person who portrays braveness and determination. Most people with this name are believed to be highly knowledgeable and creative. Though the name also indicates a strong sense of selectiveness.

Barzai

In "The Other Gods", Barzai the Wise is high-priest of the Gods of Earth (the Great Ones) in Ulthar and one-time teacher of Atal. According to the story, he often delved into the unknown, reading such works as the Pnakotic Manuscripts and the "Seven Cryptical Books of Hsan". He is the son of an aristocrat, which makes him skeptical of commoners' superstitions. He is said to have advised the burgesses of Ulthar when they passed their ban on cat-slaying. He vanishes shortly after climbing to the top of Hatheg-Kla to see the gods reveling on its peak.

ansu

According to the story, Sansu is "written of with fright" in the Pnakotic Manuscripts, having once scaled the mountain of Hatheg-Kla "in the youth of the world" and found "naught but wordless ice and rock". He is the last person to have climbed the mountain before Barzai.

etting

Though it's often assumed that "The Other Gods" is set in Lovecraft's Dreamlands, critic S. T. Joshi points out the connections to the story "Polaris", which seems to be set in Earth's distant past, in arguing that "the clear implication is that this tale too takes place in a prehistoric civilization." [Joshi, p. 21.]

Hatheg-Kla

Hatheg-Kla is a "high and rocky" mountain in the "stony desert" thirteen days' walk from the village of Hatheg, for which it is named. It is one of the places where the "gods of earth" once dwelt and sometimes return to when they are homesick.

Thurai

"White-capped Thurai" is another of the mountains where the gods of earth used to dwell. It is said that at Thurai men mistake the tears of the gods for rain.

Lerion

Lerion, whose "plaintive dawn-winds" are the sighs of the gods, is another mountain formerly inhabited by the gods. In "The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath", Lerion is described as the source of the river Skai.

Ulthar

Ulthar, the hometown of the story's main characters, was introduced in the story "The Cats of Ulthar". It is said to lie "beyond the river Skai" and to be a neighbour of Hatheg.

Kadath

Lovecraft mentions the mountain of Kadath for the first time in "The Other Gods"; the story is set up as an explanation of why the gods of earth removed themselves to "unknown Kadath in the cold waste where no man treads." Lovecraft's novel "The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath" involves Randolph Carter's attempt to reach Kadath in order to consult the gods.

In addition to "Dream-Quest", the mysterious mountain is mentioned in several other Lovecraft stories, including "The Strange High House in the Mist", "The Dunwich Horror", and "At the Mountains of Madness".

Inspiration

The story resembles the many tales of hubris written by Lord Dunsany, like "The Revolt of the Home Gods" from "The Gods of Pegana" (1905). [Joshi and Schultz, p. 196.]

Connections

The Seven Cryptical Books of Hsan (misprinted as "...of Earth" in the story's original publication) appear for the first time in "The Other Gods". They, too, reappear in "Dream-Quest". The Pnakotic Manuscripts make their second appearance in "The Other Gods", having been introduced in "Polaris", along with Lomar.

Adaptation

In 1924 Peter Rhodes made a mute short animation based on the Lovecraft's history, but movie was lost in 1938, behind Rhodes' death. In 2006 it was found and restored, changing the original soundtrack by a new score (Keith Hardy's creation) and introduced in H.P. Lovecraft's Horror Festival of this year. Lovecraft in person gave his permission to make the film in 1924, an exceptional case due to the disdain he had for the cinema. The movie has a technique very common in the 20's and 30's years, using silhouettes to create the plot.

References

* S. T. Joshi, "The Real World and the Dream World in Lovecraft", "The Horror of It All", Robert M. Price, ed.

* S. T. Joshi and David E. Schultz, "An H. P. Lovecraft Encyclopedia".

Footnotes

External links

[http://www.mythostomes.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=64&Itemid=74 "The Other Gods," by H. P. Lovecraft.] This is the full text of Lovecraft's original short story.

[http://www.maddogmovies.com/theothergods/index.html "H.P. Lovecraft's The Other Gods";] an animated short film