- Afferent nerve
In the
nervous system , afferent neurons--otherwise known as sensory or receptorneuron s--carry nerve impulses from receptors or sense organs "toward" thecentral nervous system . This is the case vice versa as well. This term can also be used to describe relative connections between structures. Afferent neurons communicate with specializedinterneuron s. The opposite activity of direction or flow is efferent.In the nervous system there is a "closed loop" system of sensation, decision, and reactions. This process is carried out through the activity of afferent neurons, interneurons, and efferent neurons.
A touch or
pain ful stimulus, for example, creates asensation in the brain only after information about the stimulus travels there via afferent nerve pathways. Afferent neurons arepseudounipolar neurons , that have a single longdendrite and a shortaxon , and a smooth and rounded cell body. The dendrite is structurally and functionally similar to an axon, and ismyelin ated; it is these axon-like dendrites that make up the afferent nerves. Just outside thespinal cord , thousands of afferent neuronal cell bodies are aggregated in a swelling in thedorsal root known as thedorsal root ganglion . (Seeefferent nerve .)Etymology and mnemonics
Afferent is derived from
Latin participle "afferentem" ("af- = ad-" : to + "ferre" : bear, carry), meaning carrying into."Ad" and "ex" give an easymnemonic device for remembering the relationship between "afferent" and "efferent" : "afferent connection arrives" and an "efferent connection exits". [MedicalMnemonics|3502|3463|367|115]References
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
См. также в других словарях:
afferent nerve — noun a nerve that passes impulses from receptors toward or to the central nervous system • Syn: ↑sensory nerve, ↑afferent • Derivationally related forms: ↑afferent (for: ↑afferent) • Hypernyms: ↑ … Useful english dictionary
afferent nerve — A nerve that conducts impulses from the periphery toward a nerve center; the axon of a sensory neuron between a receptor and the central nervous system … Dictionary of invertebrate zoology
afferent nerve — any nerve that transmits impulses from the periphery toward the central nervous system, as a sensory nerve; cf. efferent n … Medical dictionary
Afferent nerve fiber — Nerve: Afferent nerve fiber Latin neurofibrae afferentes Code TH H2.00.06.1.00015 In the nervous system, afferent neurons (otherwise known as sensory or receptor neurons), carry nerve impulses from r … Wikipedia
afferent nerve fibres — aferentinės nervinės skaidulos statusas T sritis Kūno kultūra ir sportas apibrėžtis Nervinės skaidulos (nervinių ląstelių ataugos), kuriomis jaudinimas sklinda iš inervuojamų audinių į centrinę nervų sistemą. kilmė lot. afferens – atnešantis… … Sporto terminų žodynas
Nerve fiber — Latin neurofibra MeSH Nerve+Fibers Code TA A14.0.00.001 A nerve fiber is a threadlike extension of a nerve cell and consists of an axon … Wikipedia
afferent Physiology — [ af(ə)r(ə)nt] adjective relating to or denoting the conduction of nerve impulses or blood inwards or towards something. The opposite of efferent. noun an afferent nerve fibre or vessel. Origin C19: from L. afferent , afferre bring towards … English new terms dictionary
Nerve fascicle — Transverse section of human tibial nerve … Wikipedia
Afferent — is an anatomical term with the following meanings: *Conveying towards a center, for example the afferent arterioles conveying blood towards the Bowman s capsule in the Kidney. Opposite to Efferent. *Something that so conducts, see Afferent nerve… … Wikipedia
afferent — [af′ər ənt] adj. [< L afferens, prp. of afferre < ad , to + ferre, to BEAR1] Physiol. bringing inward to a central part; specif., designating nerves that transmit impulses to the central nervous system, as to the brain: opposed to EFFERENT… … English World dictionary
