Arabinose

Arabinose
Arabinose
Identifiers
CAS number 147-81-9 YesY, 10323-20-3 (D) YesY, 5328-37-0 (L) YesY
PubChem 5460291
ChemSpider 59687 YesY
EC-number 205-699-8
ChEBI CHEBI:46983 YesY
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Image 2
Properties[1]
Molecular formula C5H10O5
Molar mass 150.13 g mol−1
Appearance Colorless crystals as prisms or needles
Density 1.585 g/cm3 (20 ºC)
Melting point

164-165 °C, 437-438 K, 327-329 °F

Solubility in water Soluble
Related compounds
Related aldopentoses Ribose
Xylose
Lyxose
 YesY (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Arabinose is an aldopentose – a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde (CHO) functional group.

For biosynthetic reasons, most saccharides are almost always more abundant in nature as the "D"-form, or structurally analogous to D-glyceraldehyde.[note 1] However, L-arabinose is in fact more common than D-arabinose in nature and is found in nature as a component of biopolymers such as hemicellulose and pectin. The L-arabinose operon is a very important operon in molecular biology and bioengineering.

A classic method for the organic synthesis of arabinose from glucose is the Wohl degradation.[2]

D-Arabinose
Alpha-D-Arabinofuranose.svg
α-D-Arabinofuranose
Beta-D-Arabinofuranose.svg
β-D-Arabinofuranose
Alpha-D-Arabinopyranose.svg
α-D-Arabinopyranose
Beta-D-Arabinopyranose.svg
β-D-Arabinopyranose

Contents

Etymology

Arabinose gets its name from gum arabic, from which it was first isolated.[3]

Use

Arabinose is used as a culture medium for certain bacteria.

Notes

  1. ^ For sugars, the D/L nomenclature does not refer to the molecule's optical rotation properties but to its structural analogy to glyceraldehyde.

References

  1. ^ Weast, Robert C., ed (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. C-110. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8. 
  2. ^ Braun, Géza (1940), "D-Arabinose", Org. Synth. 20: 14, http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/orgsyn/prepContent.asp?prep=CV3P0101 ; Coll. Vol. 3: 101 
  3. ^ Merriam Webster Dictionary

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Arabinose — Général Nom IUPAC Arabinose Synonymes pectinose sucre de gomme su …   Wikipédia en Français

  • arabinose — ● arabinose nom masculin (de Arabie, nom propre) Pentose non fermentescible, que l on trouve dans les urines en cas de pentosurie. arabinose [aʀabinoz] n. m. ÉTYM. 1887, Encycl. Berthelot; de arabin(e) « principe de la gomme arabique » ( …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Arabinose — Ar a*bin*ose , n. (Chem.) A sugar of the composition {C5H10O5}, obtained from cherry gum by boiling it with dilute sulphuric acid. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Arabinōse — (Pektinose) C5H10O5 od. C4H5(OH)4.CHO entsteht beim Kochen von Kirschgummi mit verdünnter Schwefelsäure, bildet farblose Kristalle, schmeckt weniger süß als Rohrzucker, löst sich in Wasser, nicht in Alkohol, polarisiert nach rechts, schmilzt bei… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Arabinose — Arabinose, s. Zuckerarten …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • arabinose — [ə rab′ə nōs΄, ar′ə bənōs΄] n. [ ARAB(IC) + IN1 + OSE1] a pentose sugar, C5H10O5, obtained esp. from certain vegetable gums …   English World dictionary

  • Arabinose — Strukturformel Fischer Projektion, offenkettige Darstellung Allgemeines Name …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • arabinose — A pentose monosaccharide that occurs in both D and L configurations. D arabinose is the 2 epimer of D ribose, ie. differs from D ribose by having the opposite configuration at carbon 2. D arabinose occurs inter alia in the polysaccharide… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • arabinose — Pentose Pen tose, n. [Penta + ose.] (Chem.) Any of a group of sugars of the formula {C5H10O5}, such as as {arabinose} or {ribose}; so called from the five carbon atoms in the molecule. They are not fermented by yeast. [Webster 1913 Suppl.] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Arabinose — A|ra|bi|no|se [zu ↑ Gummi arabicum; ↑ ose (1)], die , n; Syn.: arabino Pentose: farbloses, süß schmeckendes Monosaccharid in ↑ Pektinen u. a. Pflanzengummen. * * * Arabinose   [nach dem Vorkommen im Gummiarabikum] die, , ein einfacher Zucker… …   Universal-Lexikon

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