- Pope Lucius II
Infobox Pope
English name=Lucius II
birth_name=Gherardo Caccianemici dal Orso
term_start=March 9 ,1144
term_end=February 15 ,1145
predecessor=Celestine II
successor=Eugene III
birth_date=???
birthplace=Bologna ,Italy
dead=dead|death_date=death date|1145|2|15|mf=y
deathplace=Rome ,Italy
other=Lucius|Pope Lucius II (died
15 February ,1145 ), born Gherardo Caccianemici dal Orso, wasPope fromMarch 9 ,1144 until his death.Born in
Bologna , he became canon in his native city, thenCardinal Priest ofSanta Croce in Gerusalemme , later treasurer of the Roman Church, papal legate in Germany forPope Honorius II (1124–30) and later forPope Innocent II (1130–43). It must be ascribed chiefly to his exertions thatLothair III made two expeditions toItaly for the purpose of protecting Pope Innocent II against theantipope Anacletus II (1130–38). Innocent II appointed him papalchancellor and librarian.His stormy pontificate was marked by the erection of a revolutionary republic at
Rome which sought to deprive the Pope of his temporal power, and by the recognition of papal suzerainty overPortugal .In 1144 he met
Roger II of Sicily (1130–54) atCeprano to clarify the duties of Roger asvassal of theHoly See . Lucius II was not willing to accept the demands of Roger and rejected them, but Roger II forced Lucius II to accept his conditions by sending his generalRobert of Selby against him.The
Roman Senate , which practically took all temporal power from the Pope during the pontificate of Innocent II and was dissolved by Lucius II, was resurrected, encouraged by Lucius II's defeat. Lucius II called unsuccessfully for the help of EmperorConrad III (1138–52) against the Senate and thepatrician Giordano Pierleoni , brother of the formerAntipope Anacletus II , and finally marched against them with a small army. This fight was lost by Lucius II, too. According toGodfrey of Viterbo , he was seriously injured during this battle (by a thrown stone) and died a few days later from his injuries.References
*
* cite book
last = Duff
first = Eamon
title = Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
publsiher = Yale University Press
year = 2001 | pages = pp. 140–141. | isbn = 0300091656
* cite book
last = Maxwell-Stuart | first = P. G.
title = Chronicle of the Popes: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Papacy from St. Peter to the Present
publisher = Thames & Hudson
year = 2002 | pages = p. 95 | isbn = 0500017980
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