Rum Patrol

Rum Patrol
Rum Patrol
Rum Patrol ships Tucker and Cassin.jpg
Rum Patrol ships USCGD Cassin and USCGD Tucker, circa 1930.
Objective Enforce prohibition in United States waters.
Date 1920 - 1933
Executed by  United States

The Rum Patrol was an operation of the United States Coast Guard to interdict liquor smuggling vessels, known as "rum runners" in order to enforce prohibition in American waters. On 18 December 1917, the 18th Amendment to the Constitution was submitted to the states by Congress. On 16 January 1919, the amendment was ratified and the Liquor Prohibition Amendment, which prohibited the manufacture, sale, transportation, importation, or exportation of intoxicating liquors, came into effect on 16 January 1920.

Origin

The establishment of prohibition gave rise to smuggling of illicit liquor into the United States and, to deal with this problem, twenty-five destroyers were transferred by the United States Navy to the Treasury Department for service with the Coast Guard. Some began to show signs of wear and tear after the often arduous pace of operations on the Rum Patrol and required replacement. Accordingly, five of the newer flush deck destroyers were transferred to the Treasury Department in 1930-1931.

It was thought that adapting these older vessels for Coast Guard service would be less costly than building new ships. In the end, however, the rehabilitation of the vessels became a saga in itself because of the exceedingly poor condition of many of these war-weary ships. In many instances, it took nearly a year to bring the vessels up to seaworthiness. Additionally, these were by far the largest and most sophisticated vessels ever operated by the service, and trained personnel were nearly nonexistent. As a result, Congress authorized hundreds of new enlistees. These inexperienced men generally made up the destroyer crews.

Some of the destroyers were pre-World War I 742-ton "flivvers", capable of over 25 kn (29 mph; 46 km/h) — an advantage in the rum-chasing business. They were, however, easily outmaneuvered by smaller vessels. The destroyers’ mission, therefore, was to picket the larger mother ships and prevent them from off-loading their cargo onto the smaller, speedier contact boats that ran the liquor into shore.

On 20 February 1933, the 21st Amendment to the Constitution, the repeal of Amendment 18, was proposed by Congress and ratification was completed on 5 December 1933. This eliminated the need for the Rum Patrol. The remaining destroyers were returned to the Navy and sold for scrap.

Ships of the Patrol

Coast Guard designation Navy designation USCG Commissioning USCG Decommissioning
CG-01USCGD Cassin (CG-1) DD-043USS Cassin (DD-43) 01924-08-30 30 August 1924 01933-06-05 5 June 1933
CG-02USCGD Conyngham (CG-2) DD-058USS Conyngham (DD-58) 01925-03-08 8 March 1925 01933-06-05 5 June 1933
CG-03USCGD Cummings (CG-3) DD-044USS Cummings (DD-44) 01925-05-15 15 May 1925 01932-04-30 30 April 1932
CG-04USCGD Downes (CG-4) DD-045USS Downes (DD-45) 01924-10-14 14 October 1924 01930-11-18 18 November 1930
CG-05USCGD Ericsson (CG-5) DD-056USS Ericsson (DD-56) 01925-05-28 28 May 1925 01932-04-30 30 April 1932
CG-07USCGD Porter (CG-7) DD-059USS Porter (DD-59) 01925-02-20 20 February 1925 01933-06-05 5 June 1933
CG-08USCGD Ammen (CG-8) DD-035USS Ammen (DD-35) 01925-01-22 22 January 1925 01931-05-18 18 May 1931
CG-10USCGD Burrows (CG-10) DD-029USS Burrows (DD-29) 01925-06-30 30 June 1925 01931-02-14 14 February 1931
CG-11USCGD Fanning (CG-11) DD-037USS Fanning (DD-37) 01925-05-30 30 May 1925 01930-08-12 12 August 1930
CG-12USCG Henley (CG-12) DD-039USS Henley (DD-39) 01924-11-14 14 November 1924 01931-01-30 30 January 1931
CG-14USCGD McCall (CG-14) DD-028USS McCall (DD-28) 01925-06-17 17 June 1925 01930-08-12 12 August 1930
CG-15USCGD Monaghan (CG-15) DD-032USS Monaghan (DD-32) 01925-06-30 30 June 1925 01931-01-29 29 January 1931
CG-16USCGD Patterson (CG-16) DD-036USS Patterson (DD-36) 01924-11-24 24 November 1924 01930-04-01 1 April 1930
CG-17USCGD Paulding (CG-17) DD-022USS Paulding (DD-22) 01925-01-23 23 January 1925 01930-08-12 12 August 1930
CG-18USCGD Roe (CG-18) DD-024USS Roe (DD-24) 01925-05-30 30 May 1925 01930-03-04 4 March 1930
CG-18USCGD Hunt (CG-18) DD-194USS Hunt (DD-194) 01931-02-05 5 February 1931 01934-05-28 28 May 1934
CG-19USCGD Terry (CG-19) DD-025USS Terry (DD-25) 01925-06-30 30 June 1925 01930-08-12 12 August 1930
CG-19USCGD Wood (CG-19) DD-195USS Welborn C. Wood (DD-195) 01931-04-15 15 April 1931 01934-05-21 21 May 1934
CG-20USCGD Trippe (CG-20) DD-033USS Trippe (DD-33) 01924-06-24 24 June 1924 01931-04-15 15 April 1931
CG-20USCGD Semmes (CG-20) DD-189USS Semmes (DD-189) 01932-04-25 25 April 1932 01934-04-20 20 April 1934
CG-21USCGD Davis (CG-21) DD-065USS Davis (DD-65) 01926-09-04 4 September 1926 01933-06-05 5 June 1933
CG-22USCGD Shaw (CG-22) DD-068USS Shaw (DD-68) 01926-07-13 13 July 1926 01933-06-05 5 June 1933
CG-23USCGD Tucker (CG-23) DD-057USS Tucker (DD-57) 01926-09-29 29 September 1926 01933-06-05 5 June 1933
CG-24USCGD Wainwright (CG-24) DD-062USS Wainwright (DD-62) 01926-07-30 30 July 1926 01934-03-29 29 March 1934
CG-25USCGD Wilkes (CG-25) DD-067USS Wilkes (DD-67) 01926-08-23 23 August 1926 01934-03-29 29 March 1934

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Rum-running — is the business of smuggling or transporting of alcoholic beverages illegally, usually to circumvent taxation or prohibition. The term usually applies to transport of goods over water, over land it is commonly referred to as bootlegging.… …   Wikipedia

  • Neutrality Patrol — U.S. Navy Vought SBU 1 dive bombers of scouting squadron VS 42 flying the Neutrality Patrol in 1940 …   Wikipedia

  • Wadi Rum — ( ar. وادي رم) is a valley cut into the sandstone and granite rock in southwest Jordan. It is the largest wadi in Jordan. The name Rum most likely comes from an Aramaic root meaning high or elevated . To reflect its proper Arabic pronunciation,… …   Wikipedia

  • Bath Iron Works — (BIW) is a shipyard located on the Kennebec River in Bath, Maine. Since its foundation in 1884 by Thomas W. Hyde, Bath Iron Works has built private, commercial and military vessels. Its largest customer has historically been the United States… …   Wikipedia

  • O'Brien class destroyer — Lead ship of the O Brien class, USS O Brien (DD 51) Class overview Name: O Brien class destroyer …   Wikipedia

  • Prohibition in the United States — Detroit police inspecting equipment found in a clandestine underground brewery during the Prohibition era Prohibition in the United States (sometimes referred to as the Noble Experiment)[1] was a national ban on the sale, manufacture, and… …   Wikipedia

  • USS Welborn C. Wood (DD-195) — was a Clemson class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She served with the United States Coast Guard as USCGD Wood . She was later transferred to the Royal Navy as HMS Chesterfield .As USS Welborn C. Wood Named for Welborn C …   Wikipedia

  • United States Coast Guard — portal Active 4 August 1790–present …   Wikipedia

  • Integrated Deepwater System Program — Illustrated Integrated Deepwater System (IDS) Program. The Integrated Deepwater System Program (IDS Program or Deepwater) is the 25 year program to replace all or much of the United States Coast Guard s equipment, including aircraft, ships, and… …   Wikipedia

  • Missions of the United States Coast Guard — The United States Coast Guard carries out three basic roles, which are further subdivided into eleven statutory missions. The three roles are: Maritime safety Maritime security Maritime Stewardship The eleven statutory missions as defined by law… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”