Arbidol

Arbidol

drugbox
width=200


IUPAC_name = 1-methyl-2-((phenylthio)methyl)-3-
carbethoxy-4-((dimethylamino)methyl)-5-
hydroxy-6-bromindole hydrochloride
CAS_number = 131707-23-8
PubChem= 131410
ATC_prefix= L03
ATC_suffix= AX
DrugBank=N/A
C=22 | H=28 | Br=1 | Cl=1 | N=2 | O=4 | S=1
molecular_weight = 531.891 g/mol
bioavailability = N/A
metabolism = N/A-|elimination_half-life = 17–21 hours
excretion = renal
pregnancy_category = N/A
legal_status = N/A
routes_of_administration =

Arbidol ( _ru. Арбидол) is an antiviral drug manufactured by Masterlek in Moscow, Russia.

Chemically, Arbidol features an indole core, functionalized at all positions but one with different substituents.

Uses

It is an alternative to Tamiflu (manufactured by Roche Pharmaceuticals) used in the fight against avian influenza. Its antiviral inhibitory effect is still being tested and the current results range from being well accepted in pharmaceutical industry to accepted with a dose of suspicion.

The drug has mainly been tested and used in Russia [cite journal |author=Leneva IA, Fediakina IT, Gus'kova TA, Glushkov RG |title= [Sensitivity of various influenza virus strains to arbidol. Influence of arbidol combination with different antiviral drugs on reproduction of influenza virus A] |language=Russian |journal=Ter. Arkh. |volume=77 |issue=8 |pages=84–8 |year=2005 |pmid=16206613 |doi=] and China, [cite journal |author=Wang MZ, Cai BQ, Li LY, "et al" |title= [Efficacy and safety of arbidol in treatment of naturally acquired influenza] |language=Chinese |journal=Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xaue Bao |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=289–93 |year=2004 |pmid=15266832 |doi=] and has been shown to be effective against avian flu,cite web |url=http://arbidol.org/arbidol-2005-works-as-well.html |title=Works as well as Tamiflu |accessdate=2008-02-22 |format= |work=] suggesting it might be a more affordable and cost-effective drug than the widely used Tamiflu.

There is some evidence that it may be more effective at preventing infections from RNA viruses than from DNA viruses.cite journal |author=Shi L, Xiong H, He J, "et al" |title=Antiviral activity of arbidol against influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, coxsackie virus and adenovirus in vitro and in vivo |journal=Arch. Virol. |volume=152 |issue=8 |pages=1447–55 |year=2007 |pmid=17497238 |doi=10.1007/s00705-007-0974-5]

It has also been investigated as a candidate drug against hepatitis C.cite journal |author=Pécheur EI, Lavillette D, Alcaras F, "et al" |title=Biochemical mechanism of hepatitis C virus inhibition by the broad-spectrum antiviral arbidol |journal=Biochemistry |volume=46 |issue=20 |pages=6050–9 |year=2007 |pmid=17455911 |doi=10.1021/bi700181j]

Mechanism of action

The drug exhibits immunomodulationcite journal |author=Glushkov RG, Gus'kova TA, Krylova LIu, Nikolaeva IS |title= [Mechanisms of arbidole's immunomodulating action] |language=Russian |journal=Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR |volume= |issue=3 |pages=36–40 |year=1999 |pmid=10222830 |doi=] as well as a specific anti-influenza action against the influenza A and influenza B viruses.

It prevents contact between the virus and host cells and penetration of virus particles into the cell by inhibiting the fusion of the virus lipid shell to the cell membranes. cite journal |author=Boriskin YS, Pécheur EI, Polyak SJ |title=Arbidol: a broad-spectrum antiviral that inhibits acute and chronic HCV infection |journal=Virol. J. |volume=3 |issue= |pages=56 |year=2006 |pmid=16854226 |doi=10.1186/1743-422X-3-56 |url=http://www.virologyj.com/content/3//56]

It possesses interferon inducing action, by stimulating the humoral reaction and the phagocytic function of macrophages.

Dosage forms

The drug is manufactured in the form of tablets and capsules, each tablet containing Arbidol as its active ingredient (50 mg and 100 mg).

Pharmacokinetics and usage

Side effects in children include sensitization to the drug. No known overdose cases have been reported and allergic reactions are limited to people with hypersensitivity.

References

External links

* "Мастерлек" Pharmaceuticals, Moscow, Russia. Patent number № 2033157, Registry number № 003610/01.
*
* [http://www.arbidol.ru/ Arbidol]
* [http://www.arbidol.org/ English Translations for Arbidol clinical studies 1973–2007]


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