- Glucagon-like peptide-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is derived from the transcription product of the
proglucagon gene. The major source of GLP-1 in the body is the intestinalL cell that secretes GLP-1 as agut hormone . The biologically active forms of GLP-1 are: GLP-1-(7-37) and GLP-1-(7-36)NH2.GLP-1 secretion by L cells is dependent on the presence of nutrients in the lumen of the small intestine. The secretagogues (agents that cause or stimulate secretion) of this hormone include major nutrients like
carbohydrate ,protein andlipid . Once in the circulation, GLP-1 has a half life of less than 2 minutes, due to rapid degradation by the enzymedipeptidyl peptidase-4 .Physiological functions
GLP-1 possesses several physiological properties that make it a subject of intensive investigation as a potential treatment of
diabetes mellitus . [ [http://www.medscape.com/viewprogram/3418_pnt "Diabetes and Intestinal Incretin Hormones: A New Therapeutic Paradigm" at medscape.com (slide 36)] ] [cite journal | author=Toft-Nielsen M, Madsbad S, Holst J | title=Determinants of the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetes | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | volume=86 | issue=8 | pages=3853–60 | year=2001 | pmid=11502823 | doi=10.1210/jc.86.8.3853] [cite journal | author=Meier J, Weyhe D, Michaely M, Senkal M, Zumtobel V, Nauck M, Holst J, Schmidt W, Gallwitz B | title=Intravenous glucagon-like peptide 1 normalizes blood glucose after major surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes | journal=Crit Care Med | volume=32 | issue=3 | pages=848–51 | year=2004 | pmid=15090972 | doi=10.1097/01.CCM.0000114811.60629.B5] . The known physiological functions of GLP-1 include:
* increasesinsulin secretion from thepancreas in aglucose -dependent manner.
* decreasesglucagon secretion from thepancreas .
* increasesbeta cells mass and insulin gene expression.
* inhibits acid secretion and gastric emptying in thestomach .
* decreases food intake by increasingsatiety .ee also
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Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor
*Glucagon-like peptide-2
*type 2 diabetes
*exenatide
*Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
*Liraglutide References
External links
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