11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1

11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 is an NADPH-dependent enzyme highly expressed in key metabolic tissues including liver, adipose tissue, and the central nervous system.

In these tissues, HSD11B1 reduces cortisone to the active hormone cortisol that activates glucocorticoid receptors.

It is inhibited by carbenoxolone, a drug typically used in the treatment of peptic ulcers.

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of the stress hormone cortisol to the inactive metabolite cortisone. In addition, the encoded protein can catalyze the reverse reaction, the conversion of cortisone to cortisol. Too much cortisol can lead to central obesity, and a particular variation in this gene has been associated with obesity and insulin resistance in children. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HSD11B1 hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3290| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=White PC, Mune T, Agarwal AK |title=11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess. |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=18 |issue= 1 |pages= 135–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9034789 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Agarwal AK |title=Cortisol metabolism and visceral obesity: role of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I enzyme and reduced co-factor NADPH. |journal=Endocr. Res. |volume=29 |issue= 4 |pages= 411–8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14682470 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tomlinson JW, Walker EA, Bujalska IJ, "et al." |title=11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1: a tissue-specific regulator of glucocorticoid response. |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=25 |issue= 5 |pages= 831–66 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15466942 |doi= 10.1210/er.2003-0031
*cite journal | author=Odermatt A, Atanasov AG, Balazs Z, "et al." |title=Why is 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 facing the endoplasmic reticulum lumen? Physiological relevance of the membrane topology of 11beta-HSD1. |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=248 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 15–23 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16412558 |doi= 10.1016/j.mce.2005.11.040
*cite journal | author=Wake DJ, Walker BR |title=Inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in obesity. |journal=Endocrine |volume=29 |issue= 1 |pages= 101–8 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16622297 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tannin GM, Agarwal AK, Monder C, "et al." |title=The human gene for 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Structure, tissue distribution, and chromosomal localization. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=266 |issue= 25 |pages= 16653–8 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1885595 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Graham DL, Oram JF |title=Identification and characterization of a high density lipoprotein-binding protein in cell membranes by ligand blotting. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=262 |issue= 16 |pages= 7439–42 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3034894 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Whorwood CB, Mason JI, Ricketts ML, "et al." |title=Detection of human 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms using reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and localization of the type 2 isoform to renal collecting ducts. |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=110 |issue= 1-2 |pages= R7–12 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7545619 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Mune T, Rogerson FM, Nikkilä H, "et al." |title=Human hypertension caused by mutations in the kidney isozyme of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=10 |issue= 4 |pages= 394–9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7670488 |doi= 10.1038/ng0895-394
*cite journal | author=Ricketts ML, Verhaeg JM, Bujalska I, "et al." |title=Immunohistochemical localization of type 1 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human tissues. |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=83 |issue= 4 |pages= 1325–35 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9543163 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Calvo D, Gómez-Coronado D, Suárez Y, "et al." |title=Human CD36 is a high affinity receptor for the native lipoproteins HDL, LDL, and VLDL. |journal=J. Lipid Res. |volume=39 |issue= 4 |pages= 777–88 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9555943 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Odermatt A, Arnold P, Stauffer A, "et al." |title=The N-terminal anchor sequences of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases determine their orientation in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 40 |pages= 28762–70 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10497248 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sriskanda V, Schwer B, Ho CK, Shuman S |title=Mutational analysis of Escherichia coli DNA ligase identifies amino acids required for nick-ligation in vitro and for in vivo complementation of the growth of yeast cells deleted for CDC9 and LIG4. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=27 |issue= 20 |pages= 3953–63 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10497258 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Schutte BC, Bjork BC, Coppage KB, "et al." |title=A preliminary gene map for the Van der Woude syndrome critical region derived from 900 kb of genomic sequence at 1q32-q41. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 1 |pages= 81–94 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10645953 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Cooper MS, Walker EA, Bland R, "et al." |title=Expression and functional consequences of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in human bone. |journal=Bone |volume=27 |issue= 3 |pages= 375–81 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10962348 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Reddy ST, Wadleigh DJ, Grijalva V, "et al." |title=Human paraoxonase-3 is an HDL-associated enzyme with biological activity similar to paraoxonase-1 protein but is not regulated by oxidized lipids. |journal=Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. |volume=21 |issue= 4 |pages= 542–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11304470 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Pácha J, Lisá V, Miksík I |title=Effect of cellular differentiation on 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the intestine. |journal=Steroids |volume=67 |issue= 2 |pages= 119–26 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11755176 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Albertin G, Tortorella C, Malendowicz LK, "et al." |title=Human adrenal cortex and aldosterone secreting adenomas express both 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and type 2 genes. |journal=Int. J. Mol. Med. |volume=9 |issue= 5 |pages= 495–8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11956655 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Mazzocchi G, Malendowicz LK, Aragona F, "et al." |title=11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 2 are up- and downregulated in cortisol-secreting adrenal adenomas. |journal=J. Investig. Med. |volume=50 |issue= 4 |pages= 288–92 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12109593 |doi=

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