1259

1259

Events

Europe

* The Oxford Parliament, led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, leads to the acceptance by King Henry III of England of the Provisions of Oxford.
* September - Battle of Pelagonia: The Empire of Nicaea defeats the Principality of Achaea, ensuring the eventual reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.
* December 4 - Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on continental Europe (including Normandy) in exchange for Louis withdrawing his support for English rebels.
* The famous frescoes of the Boyana Church in Bulgaria are completed (the church and its murals are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site).
* The German cities of Lübeck, Wismar, and Rostock enter into a pact to defend against pirates of the Baltic Sea, laying the groundwork for the Hanseatic League.
* Nogai Khan leads the second Mongol Golden Horde attack against Lithuania and Poland.

Asia

* August 11 - While conducting a siege against the Song Dynasty city known as Fishing Town in the province of Chongqing, China, the Mongol Khagan, Mongke Khan, dies in the nearby hills. Persian, Chinese, and Mongol records have different accounts of how he died, including succumbing to an arrow wound received by a Chinese archer in the siege, dysentery, and even a cholera epidemic. His death sparks a succession crisis in the Mongol Empire, while his brothers Ariq Böke and Kublai soon convene their own kuriltai to elect themselves as the next Khan of Khans, opening the path to a 4- year-long civil war from 1260 to 1264. In the end, Ariq Böke surrenders to Kublai.
* While engaged in a war with the Mongols, the Song Chinese official Li Zengbo writes in his "Kozhai Zagao, Xugaohou" that the city of Qingzhou is manufacturing one to two thousand strong iron-cased gunpowder bomb shells a month, dispatching to Xiangyang and Yingzhou about ten to twenty thousand such bombs at a time.
* Lannathai, a kingdom in the north of Thailand, is founded by King Mengrai.
* The Goryeo kingdom in Korea surrenders to invading Mongol forces.
* The Chinese era "Kaiqing" begins and ends in the Northern Song Dynasty of China.
* The Japanese Shōka era ends, and the Shōgen era begins.

Births

* Pietro Cavallini, Italian painter (d. 1330)
* Demetre II of Georgia (d. 1289)
* John II of Jerusalem (d. 1285)
* Richard Og de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster (d. 1326)
* Infanta Branca of Portugal, daughter of King Afonso III of Portugal and Urraca of Castile

Deaths

* May 29 - King Christopher I of Denmark (b. 1219)
* October 7 - Ezzelino da Romano III, Italian ruler
* November 18 - Adam Marsh, English scholar and theologian
* Gojong of Goryeo
* Möngke Khan of the Mongol Empire
* Matthew Paris, English chronicler
* Thomas II of Savoy


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  • 1259 — Portal Geschichte | Portal Biografien | Aktuelle Ereignisse | Jahreskalender ◄ | 12. Jahrhundert | 13. Jahrhundert | 14. Jahrhundert | ► ◄ | 1220er | 1230er | 1240er | 1250er | 1260er | 1270er | 1280er | ► ◄◄ | ◄ | 1255 | 1256 | 1257 | 12 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • 1259 — Années : 1256 1257 1258  1259  1260 1261 1262 Décennies : 1220 1230 1240  1250  1260 1270 1280 Siècles : XIIe siècle  XIIIe&# …   Wikipédia en Français

  • 1259 — Años: 1256 1257 1258 – 1259 – 1260 1261 1262 Décadas: Años 1220 Años 1230 Años 1240 – Años 1250 – Años 1260 Años 1270 Años 1280 Siglos: Siglo XII – …   Wikipedia Español

  • (1259) Одьялла — Открытие Первооткрыватель Карл Рейнмут Место обнаружения Хайдельберг Дата обнаружения 29 января 1933 Эпоним Одьялла (город) Альтернативные обозначения 1933 BT; 1928 DJ1; 1928 FO; 1929 MA; 1935 QE1; 1949 YN; 1956 JF Категория …   Википедия

  • 1259 год — Годы 1255 · 1256 · 1257 · 1258 1259 1260 · 1261 · 1262 · 1263 Десятилетия 1230 е · 1240 е 1250 е 1260 е · …   Википедия

  • 1259 dans les croisades — Chronologie synoptique des Croisades 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 Francs …   Wikipédia en Français

  • (1259) Ógyalla — Asteroid (1259) Ógyalla Eigenschaften des Orbits (Animation) Orbittyp Hauptgürtelasteroid Große Halbachse 3,0977 AE …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • 1259 in poetry — yearbox2 in?=in poetry in2?=in literature cp=12th century c=13th century cf=14th century yp1=1256 yp2=1257 yp3=1258 year=1259 ya1=1260 ya2=1261 ya3=1262 dp3=1220s dp2=1230s dp1=1240s d=1250s da=0 dn1=1260s dn2=1270s dn3=1280s|BirthsDeaths* Óláfr… …   Wikipedia

  • 1259 Ógyalla — BASEPAGENAME is a main belt asteroid with an orbital period of 1993.3020621 days (5.46 years).cite web | url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1259 | title = JPL Small Body Database Browser | accessdate = 2008 05 10 | publisher = NASA] The… …   Wikipedia

  • 1259 v. Chr. — Portal Geschichte | Portal Biografien | Aktuelle Ereignisse | Jahreskalender ◄ | 3. Jt. v. Chr. | 2. Jahrtausend v. Chr. | 1. Jt. v. Chr. | ► ◄ | 15. Jh. v. Chr. | 14. Jh. v. Chr. | 13. Jahrhundert v. Chr. | 12. Jh. v. Chr. | 11. Jh. v. Chr. | …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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