Cremophor EL

Cremophor EL is the registered trademark of BASF Corp. for its version of polyethoxylated castor oil. It is prepared by reacting 35 moles of ethylene oxide with each mole of castor oil. The resulting product is a mixture (CAS number 61791-12-6): the major component is the material in which the hydroxyl groups of the castor oil triglyceride have ethoxylated with ethylene oxide to form polyethylene glycol ethers. Minor components are the polyethyelene glycol esters of ricinoleic acid, polyethyelene glycols and polyethyelene glycol ethers of glycerol.^[1] Cremophor EL is a synthetic, nonionic surfactant. Its utility comes from its ability to stabilize emulsions of nonpolar materials in aqueous systems.

Cremophor EL is an excipient or additive in drugs. Therapeutically, modern drugs are rarely given in a pure chemical state, so most active ingredients are combined with excipients or additives such as Cremophor EL ^[2]

Uses

• Miconazole, anti-fungal
• Paclitaxel, anti-cancer
• Docetaxel, anti-cancer
• Aci-Jel (acetic acid / oxyquinoline / ricinoleic acid - vaginal)
• Sandimmune (cyclosporine injection, USP)
• Nelfinavir mesylate, HIV protease inhibitor
• Propofol, intravenous anaesthetic agent, originally presented in Cremophor for trials; now presented in a lipid emulsion
• Diazepam injection; superseded by lipid emulsion alternative (Diazemuls)
• Vitamin K injection
• Ixabepilone, anti-cancer

Side effects

Allergic reactions to Taxol are most often allergic reactions to Cremophor EL; symptoms include tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and similar reactions consistent with severe anaphylactic reactions. Although many anti-allergens including corticosteroids and Benadryl may be administered before chemotherapy, they are not always sufficient to prevent the severe reaction to Cremophor.

Note that these should not be confused with the normal side effects of Taxol. The allergic reaction is usually immediate and is similar to severe allergic reactions of many other substances that trigger allergic reactions.

See also

• Castor oil

References

1. ^ "BASF Technical data sheet on Cremophor EL". http://www.pharma-ingredients.basf.com/Statements/Technical%20Informations/EN/Pharma%20Solutions/EMP%20030711e_Cremophor%20EL.pdf. Retrieved 2010-12-16. 
2. ^ "A new Steroid Anaesthetic - Althesin" (pdf). PubMed. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1645602&blobtype=pdf. Retrieved 2007-01-07.  See page 1/49, Methods and Materials.

This pharmacology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Excipients Pharmacology stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат? No. 22 Squadron RAAF No. 23 Squadron RAAF Look at other dictionaries: Cremophor — Crem·o·phor (kremґo for) trademark for a number of polyoxyl compounds used as lipid vehicles for solubilizing and emulsifying drugs …   Medical dictionary Paclitaxel — Systematic (IUPAC) name (2α,4α,5β,7β,10β,13α) 4,10 bis(acetyloxy) …   Wikipedia Castor oil — is a vegetable oil obtained from the castor bean (technically castor seed as the castor plant, Ricinus communis , is not a member of the bean family). Castor oil (CAS number 8001 79 4) is a colorless to very pale yellow liquid with mild or no… …   Wikipedia Althesin — is an intravenous anaesthetic agent now withdrawn from the market due to severe drug reactions. It was popular because of its short duration of action. It is composed of a mixture of alphaxolone and alphadolone, two steroids. It provides rapid… …   Wikipedia Propanidid — Drugbox IUPAC name = propyl 2 [4 (diethylcarbamoylmethoxy) 3 methoxy phenyl] acetate width = 250 CAS number=1421 14 3 ATC prefix=N01 ATC suffix=AX04 ATC supplemental= PubChem=15004 DrugBank= C = 18 | H = 27 | N = 1 | O = 5 molecular weight =… …   Wikipedia Propofol — Systematic (IUPAC) name 2,6 diisopropylphenol …   Wikipedia Polyalkylenglycolether — Polyalkylenglycolether, auch Fettalkoholpolyglycolether, Fettalkoholethoxylate (FAEO), (Handelsnamen u. A. Brij®, Genapol®, Lutensol®), sind eine Reihe von nichtionischen Tensiden. Der lipophile Teil dieser Tenside besteht aus Fettalkoholen, der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia Chemotherapy — A woman being treated with docetaxel chemotherapy for breast cancer. Cold mittens and wine coolers are placed on her hands and feet to reduce harm to her nails. Chemotherapy (sometimes cancer chemotherapy) is the treatment of cancer with an… …   Wikipedia Ciclosporin — Cyclosporin redirects here. For other types of cyclosporin, see Cyclosporins. Ciclosporin Systematic ( …   Wikipedia Miconazole — Systematic (IUPAC) name (RS) 1 (2 (2,4 Dichlorobenzyloxy) 2 (2,4 dichlorophenyl)ethyl) 1H imidazole Clinical data Trade names …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”