Gainer (supplement)

A gainer is a bodybuilding supplement usually comprised of both high and low glycemic carbohydrates and protein (usually in the form of calcium caseinate, milk and whey protein) and often other nutrients such as certain vitamins and minerals. Gainers are used by bodybuilding and strength athletes, both amateur and professional alike.

When performing intensive exercise the stress can cause the release of hormones such as cortisol in order to quickly make available energy to the body. Cortisol forces breakdown of glycogen, protein (muscle) and fat deposits which are used in gluconeogenesis. Gainers seek to combat this effect after (and sometimes during) an exercise routine.

Higher glycemic carbohydrates will prompt a steep rise in blood glucose, forcing an equal release of insulin by the body to counter the longterm negative effects of high blood sugar, inhibiting the effects of cortisol. Some of the carbohydrates are immediately absorbed by the muscles without insulin. The rest is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles.