Istanbul Archaeology Museums

Infobox museum
name = Istanbul Archaeology Museums


imagesize = 250
established = 13 June 1891
collection = 1+ million objects
location = Osman Hamdi Bey Yokuşu Sokak, Gülhane, Istanbul, Turkey
type = Archaeology museum
visitors = 200,000 [cite web|url=http://sanat.milliyet.com.tr/detay.asp?id=3219|title="Eser zengini-ilgi fakiri müzeler."|date=2007-02-28|accessdate=2008-04-02|author=Milliyet Newspaper Online|language=Turkish]
director = İsmail Karamut
website = [http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313679A66406202CCB01966176E3ABFFFF2 Ministry of Culture and Tourism] The Istanbul Archaeology Museums ( _tr. İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi) is an archeological museum, located in the Eminönü district of Istanbul, Turkey, near Gülhane Park and Topkapı Palace.

The Istanbul Archaeology Museum consists of three museums.
#Archaeological Museum (main building),
#Museum of the Ancient Orient and the
#Museum of Islamic Art (Tiled Kiosk).

It houses over one million objects that represent almost all of the eras and civilizations in world history.

History

The site of the museums actually belonged to the Topkapı Palace outer gardens. The museum was founded by decree as the Imperial Museum ("İmparatorluk Müzesi"). When it opened to the public in 1891, it was the first one to feature Turkish art. The first curator was Osman Hamdi Bey, who was also the founder of the museum. Since the imperial decree protecting cultural goods in the Ottoman empire was enforced, many governors from the different provinces would send in found artefacts to the capital city. In that way the museum was able to amass a great collection. Upon its 100th anniversary in 1991, the Museum received the European Council Museum Award, particularly for the renovations made to the lower floor halls in the main building and the new displays in the other buildings.

The construction of the main building was started by Osman Hamdi Bey in 1881, attaining its present neo-Greek form in 1908. The architect was Alexander Vallaury. The façade of the building was inspired by the Alexander Sarcophagus and Sarcophagus of the Mourning Women, both housed inside the Museum. It is one of the prominent structures built in the neoclassical style in Istanbul.

The Museum of the Ancient Orient was commissioned by Osman Hamdi Bey in 1883 as a Fine Arts School. Then it was re-organised as a museum and opened in 1935. It was closed to visitors in 1963, and reopened in 1974 after restoration works on the interior.

The Tiled Kiosk was commissioned by Sultan Mehmed II in 1472. It is one of the oldest structures in Istanbul featuring Ottoman civil architecture and was a part of the Topkapı Palace outer gardens. It was used as the Imperial Museum between 1875 and 1891 before the collection moved to the newly constructed main building. It was opened to public in 1953 as a museum of Turkish and Islamic art, and was later incorporated into the Istanbul Archaeology Museum.

Collection

The ornate Alexander Sarcophagus, once believed to be prepared for Alexander the Great, is among the most famous pieces of ancient art in the museum. [ [http://travel.nytimes.com/travel/guides/europe/turkey/istanbul/attraction-detail.html?vid=1154654614207 The New York Times - Istanbul Archaeology Museum] ] The "Kadesh Peace Treaty" (1258 BCE), signed between Ramesses II of Egypt and Hattusili III of the Hittite Empire, is another favourite of the visitors. It is the oldest known peace treaty in the world, and a giant poster of this tablet (treaty) is on the wall of the United Nations Headquarters in New York City.

The museum has a large collection of Turkish, Hellenistic and Roman artifacts. The most prominent artifacts exhibited in the museum include:

* Alexander Sarcophagus, found in the necropolis of Sidon.
* Sarcophagus of the Crying Women, also found in Sidon.
* Sarcophagi of Tabnit and the Satrap.
* The Lycian tomb, a monumental tomb.
* Glazed tile images from the Ishtar Gate of Babylon.
* Statues from ancient times until the end of the Roman era, from Aphrodisias, Ephesus and Miletus.
* Statue of an Ephebos.
* Parts of statues from the Temple of Zeus found at Bergama.
* Statue of a lion, the only piece saved from the hands of British archaeologists in the Mausoleum of Maussollos.
* Snake's head from the Serpentine Column erected in the Hippodrome.
* Mother-Goddess Cybele and votive stelai.
* Busts of Alexander the Great and Zeus.
* Fragments from the temple of Athena at Assos.
* The Troy exhibit.
* 800.000 Ottoman coins, seals, decorations and medals.
* One of the three known tablets of the Treaty of Kadesh.
* The obelisk of the Assyrian king Adad-nirari III.
* Tablet archive containing some 75.000 documents with cuneiform inscriptions.
* Artifacts from the early civilizations of Anatolia, Mesopotamia, Arabia and Egypt.
* Siloam inscription, which made the headlines in July 2007 [cite web | url= http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070713/ap_on_re_mi_ea/israel_ancient_tablet Article:| title = Jerusalem seeks return of ancient tablet|authors=Matti Friedman|publisher=Yahoo News| accessdate=2007-07-13|language=English ]

ee also

* Istanbul Mosaic Museum
* Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum
* Museum of Anatolian Civilizations

References

External links

* [http://www.pointsfromturkey.com/Istanbul_Archaeological_Museum.html Points from Turkey - Istanbul Archaeological Museum ]
* [http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313679A66406202CCB01966176E3ABFFFF2 Museum's official website]
* [http://www.archmuseum.org/biyografi.asp?id=10073 Museum of Architecture - Istanbul Archaeology Museum]
* [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/archaeological_museum_istanbul Very many pictures from the museum by a private photographer]