Paralichthyidae

Taxobox
name = Large-tooth flounders

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image_width = 240px
image_caption = Pacific sanddab, "Citharichthys sordidus"
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Actinopterygii
ordo = Pleuronectiformes
familia = Paralichthyidae
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision = "Ancylopsetta" "Cephalopsetta" "Citharichthys" "Cyclopsetta" "Etropus" "Gastropsetta" "Hippoglossina" "Paralichthys" "Pseudorhombus" "Syacium" "Tarphops" "Tephrinectes" "Thysanopsetta" "Xystreurys" See text for species.

Large-tooth flounders are a family, Paralichthyidae, of flounders.FishBase family | family = Paralichthyidae | month = February | year = 2006] They lie on the sea bed on their right side; both eyes are on the left side of the head.

They are found in temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Several species are important commercial and game fishes, notably the California halibut, "Paralichthys californicus" and the Pacific sanddab, "Citharichthys sordidus".

pecies

There are 115 species in 14 genera: [ITIS | ID = 172714 | taxon = Paralichthyidae | date = 2 April | month = 2006]

* Genus "Ancylopsetta"
** "Ancylopsetta antillarum" Gutherz, 1966.
** Cyclope flounder, "Ancylopsetta cycloidea" Tyler, 1959.
** Three-spot flounder, "Ancylopsetta dendritica" Gilbert, 1890.
** Three-eye flounder, "Ancylopsetta dilecta"
** Foureyed flounder, "Ancylopsetta kumperae" Tyler, 1959.
** "Ancylopsetta microctenus" Gutherz, 1966.
** Gulf of Mexico ocellated flounder, "Ancylopsetta ommata" (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883).
* Genus "Cephalopsetta"
** "Cephalopsetta ventrocellatus" Dutt & Rao, 1965.
* Genus "Citharichthys"
** Veracruz whiff, "Citharichthys abbotti" Dawson, 1969.
** "Citharichthys amblybregmatus" Gutherz & Blackman, 1970.
** Gulf Stream flounder, "Citharichthys arctifrons" Goode, 1880.
** Sand whiff, "Citharichthys arenaceus" Evermann & Marsh, 1900.
** Horned whiff, "Citharichthys cornutus" (Günther, 1880).
** Spined whiff, "Citharichthys dinoceros" Goode & Bean, 1886.
** Gulf sanddab, "Citharichthys fragilis" Gilbert, 1890.
** Bigmouth sanddab, "Citharichthys gilberti" Jenkins & Evermann, 1889.
** "Citharichthys gnathus" Hoshino & Amaoka, 1999.
** Mimic sandab, "Citharichthys gordae" Beebe & Tee-Van, 1938.
** Anglefin whiff, "Citharichthys gymnorhinus" Gutherz & Blackman, 1970.
** Spotted whiff, "Citharichthys macrops" Dresel, 1885.
** Five-rayed sanddab, "Citharichthys mariajorisae" van der Heiden & Mussot-Pérez, 1995.
** "Citharichthys minutus" Cervigón, 1982.
** Small sandab, "Citharichthys platophrys" Gilbert, 1891.
** Pacific sanddab, "Citharichthys sordidus" (Girard, 1854).
** Bay whiff, "Citharichthys spilopterus" Günther, 1862.
** Smooth flounder, "Citharichthys stampflii" (Steindachner, 1894).
** Speckled sanddab, "Citharichthys stigmaeus" Jordan & Gilbert, 1882.
** "Citharichthys surinamensis" (Bloch & Schneider, 1801).
** Voodoo whiff, "Citharichthys uhleri" Jordan, 1889.
** "Citharichthys valdezi" Cervigón, 1986.
** Longfin sanddab, "Citharichthys xanthostigma" Gilbert, 1890.
* Genus "Cyclopsetta"
** Mexican flounder, "Cyclopsetta chittendeni" Bean, 1895.
** "Cyclopsetta decussata" Gunter, 1946.
** Spotfin flounder, "Cyclopsetta fimbriata" (Goode & Bean, 1885).
** God's flounder, "Cyclopsetta panamensis" (Steindachner, 1876).
** Toothed flounder, "Cyclopsetta querna" (Jordan & Bollman, 1890).
* Genus "Etropus"
** Fringed flounder, "Etropus crossotus" Jordan & Gilbert, 1882.
** Shelf flounder, "Etropus cyclosquamus" Leslie & Stewart, 1986.
** "Etropus delsmani delsmani" Chabanaud, 1940.
** Delsman's flounder, "Etropus delsmani pacificus" Nielsen, 1963.
** Sole flounder, "Etropus ectenes" Jordan, 1889.
** "Etropus intermedius" Norman, 1933.
** "Etropus longimanus" Norman, 1933.
** Smallmouth flounder, "Etropus microstomus" (Gill, 1864).
** Peruvian flounder, "Etropus peruvianus" Hildebrand, 1946.
** Gray flounder, "Etropus rimosus" Goode & Bean, 1885.
* Genus "Gastropsetta"
** Shrimp flounder, "Gastropsetta frontalis" Bean, 1895.
* Genus "Hippoglossina"
** Spotted flounder, "Hippoglossina bollmani" Gilbert, 1890.
** Bigeye flounder, "Hippoglossina macrops" (Dresel, 1885).
** "Hippoglossina montemaris" de Buen, 1961.
** "Hippoglossina mystacium" Ginsburg, 1936.
** American fourspot flounder, "Hippoglossina oblonga" (Mitchill, 1815).
** Bigmouth flounder, "Hippoglossina stomata" Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890.
** Fourspot flounder, "Hippoglossina tetrophthalma" (Gilbert, 1890).
* Genus "Paralichthys"
** Fine flounder, "Paralichthys adspersus" (Steindachner, 1867).
** Cortez flounder, "Paralichthys aestuarius" Gilbert & Scofield, 1898.
** Gulf flounder, "Paralichthys albigutta" Jordan & Gilbert, 1882.
** Brazilian flounder, "Paralichthys brasiliensis" (Ranzani, 1842).
** California halibut, "Paralichthys californicus" (Ayres, 1859).
** "Paralichthys coeruleosticta" Steindachner, 1898.
** "Paralichthys delfini" Pequeño & Plaza, 1987.
** Summer flounder, "Paralichthys dentatus" (Linnaeus, 1766).
** "Paralichthys fernandezianus" Steindachner, 1903.
** "Paralichthys hilgendorfii" Steindachner, 1903.
** "Paralichthys isosceles" Jordan, 1891.
** Southern flounder, "Paralichthys lethostigma" Jordan & Gilbert, 1884.
** "Paralichthys microps" (Günther, 1881).
** Bastard halibut, "Paralichthys olivaceus" (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846).
** "Paralichthys orbignyanus" (Valenciennes, 1842).
** Patagonian flounder, "Paralichthys patagonicus" Jordan, 1889.
** "Paralichthys schmitti" Ginsburg, 1933.
** Broad flounder, "Paralichthys squamilentus" Jordan & Gilbert, 1882.
** "Paralichthys triocellatus" Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903.
** Tropical flounder, "Paralichthys tropicus" Ginsburg, 1933.
** Speckled flounder, "Paralichthys woolmani" Jordan & Williams, 1897.
* Genus "Pseudorhombus"
** Ringed flounder, "Pseudorhombus annulatus" Norman, 1927.
** Peacock flounder, "Pseudorhombus argus" Weber, 1913.
** Largetooth flounder, "Pseudorhombus arsius" (Hamilton, 1822).
** "Pseudorhombus binii" Tortonese, 1955.
** Cinnamon flounder, "Pseudorhombus cinnamoneus" (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846).
** "Pseudorhombus ctenosquamis" (Oshima, 1927).
** Four twin-spot flounder, "Pseudorhombus diplospilus" Norman, 1926.
** Ocellated flounder, "Pseudorhombus dupliciocellatus" Regan, 1905.
** Deep flounder, "Pseudorhombus elevatus" Ogilby, 1912.
** Javan flounder, "Pseudorhombus javanicus" (Bleeker, 1853).
** Small-toothed flounder, "Pseudorhombus jenynsii" (Bleeker, 1855).
** "Pseudorhombus levisquamis" (Oshima, 1927).
** Malayan flounder, "Pseudorhombus malayanus" Bleeker, 1865.
** "Pseudorhombus megalops" Fowler, 1934.
** "Pseudorhombus micrognathus" Norman, 1927.
** Natal flounders, "Pseudorhombus natalensis" Gilchrist, 1904.
** "Pseudorhombus neglectus" Bleeker, 1865.
** "Pseudorhombus oculocirris" Amaoka, 1969.
** Roughscale flounder, "Pseudorhombus oligodon" (Bleeker, 1854).
** Fivespot flounder, "Pseudorhombus pentophthalmus" Günther, 1862.
** "Pseudorhombus polyspilos" (Bleeker, 1853).
** Five-eyed flounder, "Pseudorhombus quinquocellatus" Weber & de Beaufort, 1929.
** "Pseudorhombus russellii" (Gray, 1834).
** Spiny flounder, "Pseudorhombus spinosus" McCulloch, 1914.
** "Pseudorhombus tenuirastrum" (Waite, 1899).
** Three spotted flounder, "Pseudorhombus triocellatus" (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903).
* Genus "Syacium"
** "Syacium guineensis" (Bleeker, 1862).
** Shoal flounder, "Syacium gunteri" Ginsburg, 1933.
** Beach flounder, "Syacium latifrons" (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882).
** Longfin flounder, "Syacium longidorsale" Murakami & Amaoka, 1992.
** Clearspot flounder, "Syacium maculiferum" (Garman, 1899).
** Channel flounder, "Syacium micrurum" Ranzani, 1842.
** Oval flounder, "Syacium ovale" (Günther, 1864).
** Dusky flounder, "Syacium papillosum" (Linnaeus, 1758).
* Genus "Tarphops"
** "Tarphops elegans" Amaoka, 1969.
** "Tarphops oligolepis" (Bleeker, 1858–1859).
* Genus "Tephrinectes"
** "Tephrinectes sinensis" (Lacépède, 1802).
* Genus "Thysanopsetta"
** "Thysanopsetta naresi" Günther, 1880.
* Genus "Xystreurys"
** Fantail flounder, "Xystreurys liolepis" Jordan & Gilbert, 1880.
** "Xystreurys rasile" (Jordan, 1891).

References