Karl von Einem

Karl von Einem ["genannt von Rothmaler"] (January 1, 1853 - April 7, 1934) was the commander of the German 3rd Army during the First World War and served as the Prussian Minister of War responsible for much of the German military buildup prior to the outbreak of the war.

Born in Herzberg am Harz, Einem served in the Prussian army for much of his life when he was appointed Minister of War in 1903. During his six years of service, Einem oversaw the reorganization of the German army building much of the military's heavy armament in preparation for modern warfare, specifically the introduction of the machine gun and modern heavy artillery.

In 1909, Einem was appointed commander of VII Corps serving under the command of Gen. Karl von Bülow's 2nd Army later taking part in the First Battle of the Marne soon after Germany entry into World War I on August 1914.

Assigned to France, Einem succeeded Gen. Max von Hausen as commander of the 3rd Army in September 1914. Successfully repulsing the French Champagne-Marne offensive from February-March and September-November 1915 respectively, Einem would take part in all three Battles of the Aisne and would hold Gen. Anthoine's 4th Army (under Gen. Philippe Petain's Center Army Group) during the Second Battle of the Aisne as part of the Nivelles Offensive from April 16-May 15, 1917.

Einem's right wing units would also participate in Gen. Erich Ludendorff's Campagne-Marne offensive on July 15-17, 1918 supporting the east flank of the German 1st Army. After suffering severe casualties in battle with Gen. John J. Pershing's Allied Expeditionary Force from September 26-November 11 in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, he was forced to retreat northward shortly before the war's end. On November 10, 1918, only one day before the declaration of the Armistice, command of Prince Wilhelm's Army Group Crown Prince fell to Einem who would oversee Gernany's demobilization. Retiring from the army in 1919, Einem lived in retirement until his death in Muhlheim on April 7, 1934.

References

*Buchan, John. "History of the Great War", 5 vols., Boston, 1922.

External links

* [http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/einem.htm Karl Einem] at [http://www.firstworldwar.com FirstWorldWar.com]
* [http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/bio/e/einen.html WWI Biographical Dictionary: Karl von Einem]