Persons related to Qur'anic verses

Some of the Qur'anic verses are said to be revealed pertaining to some specific person. This is a list of them [For further references, see the article of each individual] :

Clans

Banu Abd-al-Manaf

A sub-clan of the Quraish tribe.

Generally

102.1-2

:"Engage (your) vying in exuberance, until ye come to the graves." Nahj al-Balagha commentary on Al-Islam.org is quoted as: "The genesis of the descending of this verse is that the tribes of Banu `Abd Manaf and Banu Sahm began to boast against each other over the abundance of their wealth and the number of their tribesmen, and in order to prove they had a greater number each one began to include their dead as well, whereupon this verse was revealed to the effect that abundance of riches and majority in numbers has made you so forgetful that you count the dead also with the living. This verse is also taken to mean that abundance of riches and progeny has made you forgetful till you reached the graves, but the utterance of Amir al-mu'minin supports the first meaning." [http://www.al-islam.org/nahjul/219.htm] ] .

A'as ibn Wa'il

A'as ibn Wa'il is the father of Amr ibn al-A'as.

108

Entire chapter [Surat al-Kawthar is the 108th sura of the Qur'an, and the shortest. According to Ibn Ishaq, it was revealed in Makka, some time before the Isra and Miraj, when A'as ibn Wa'il as-Sahmi said of Muhammad that he was "a man who is cut off and is of no consequence, and if he were killed, he would be forgotten" [http://www.balagh.net/english/quran/light/108/108_0.htm] ]

Banu Sahm

A sub-clan of the Quraish tribe.

Generally

102.1-2

:"Engage (your) vying in exuberance, until ye come to the graves." Nahj al-Balagha commentary on Al-Islam.org is quoted as: "The genesis of the descending of this verse is that the tribes of Banu `Abd Manaf and Banu Sahm began to boast against each other over the abundance of their wealth and the number of their tribesmen, and in order to prove they had a greater number each one began to include their dead as well, whereupon this verse was revealed to the effect that abundance of riches and majority in numbers has made you so forgetful that you count the dead also with the living. This verse is also taken to mean that abundance of riches and progeny has made you forgetful till you reached the graves, but the utterance of Amir al-mu'minin supports the first meaning." [http://www.al-islam.org/nahjul/219.htm] ] .

Banu Makhzum

A sub-clan of the Quraish tribe.

Walid ibn al-Mughira

quran-usc|68|10-13

:"Heed not the type of despicable men,- ready with oaths, A slanderer, going about with calumnies, (Habitually) hindering (all) good, transgressing beyond bounds, deep in sin, Violent (and cruel), with all that, base-born." [

Al Fathuwaath Volume 4 page 284 states::"When this verse descended, Waleed approached his mother and said, 'Muhammad cited my characteristics. I am fully aware of them with the exception of the final one (that I am illegitimate). Now if you do not tell me the truth, then I shall strike off your neck. Waleed's mother replied 'Your father was impotent, so I slept with another man and you are that man's son' "

See also:
*Tafseer Kabir Volume 8 page 188
*Tafseer Mazhari Volume 10 page 34
*Tafsir Khazan Volume 7 page 110
*Tafsir Kashaf Volume page 485
*Tafsir Durre Manthur Volume 6 page 404
*Tafsir Ruh al Ma'ani Volume 3 pages 48-49
*Tafsir Jalalayn Volume 3 page 29
* [http://www.answering-ansar.org/answers/umme_kulthum/en/chap8.php] ] .

Banu Zuhrah

A sub-clan of the Quraish tribe.

Sa'd ibn Abi-Waqqas

Quran-usc-range|31|14|15

:"And We have enjoined man in respect of his parents-- his mother bears him with faintings upon faintings and his weaning takes two years-- saying: Be grateful to Me and to both your parents; to Me is the eventual coming. And if they contend with you that you should associate with Me what you have no knowledge of, do not obey them, and keep company with them in this world kindly, and follow the way of him who turns to Me, then to Me is your return, then will I inform you of what you did--" [ [http://www.ahya.org/amm/modules.php?name=Sections&op=viewarticle&artid=109 Sa'ad Ibn Abi Waqqas (radhi allahu anhu) ] ]

Banu Hashim

The Banu Hashim was Muhammads own clan

Generally

26.214

:"come out openly and warn the people of your own clan." [Banu Hashim, 26.214: Tarikh Abul Fida, See also Hadith of the dinner invitation.]

Abu Lahab

Abu Lahab was an enemy of the Prophet Muhammad, and the brother of Muhammad's father. His name means "father of fire" and is one of the few Meccan personal names mentioned in the Quran. [Abu Lahab, John Esposito, "The Oxford Dictionary of Islam", Oxford University Press 2003]

111.1-5

#"Perish the two hands of Abû Lahab (an uncle of the Prophet), and perish he!
#"His wealth and his children (etc.) will not benefit him!
#"He will be burnt in a Fire of blazing flames!
#"And his wife too, who carries wood (thorns of Sadan which she used to put on the way of the Prophet (Peace be upon him), or use to slander him).
#"In her neck is a rope of Masad (fire). [ Abu Lahab, Chapter 111 [http://muttaqun.com/quran/ae/nobae111.htm] , [http://muhammadanism.org/Canon_Sell/Quran/historical_development_quran.pdf pdf!] ]

Unclassified clan

Akhnas ibn Shariq

Quran-usc-range|2|104

Entire chapter [Surah Al-Humaza was revealed regarding Akhnas ibn Shariq :http://answering-islam.org.uk/Books/Hughes/h.htm, [http://muhammadanism.org/Canon_Sell/Quran/historical_development_quran.pdf pdf!] ] .

Quran-usc-range|2|204|205

An incident occurred prior to these verses being revealed. A man named Al-Akhnas ibn Shuriq came to the Muhammad to embrace Islam, but as he turned to leave, he happened to pass by a pasture and grazing animals. He set it alight and killed the cattle. This verses express disapproval [ [http://www.yanabi.com/forum/messageview.cfm?catid=80&threadid=2324&enterthread=y The Global Islamic Community Forums - The Quran and the Environment ] ] .

Uqbah ibn Abu Mu'ayt

Quran-usc-range|25|27

One sources claims this verse is regarding Uqbah ibn Mu'ayt and Ubay ibn Khalaf [http://alinaam.org.za/alinaam/26quraan.htm Lessons from the Qur'aan ] ] .

Ubay ibn Khalaf

Quran-usc-range|25|27

One sources claims this verse is regarding Uqbah ibn Mu'ayt and Ubay ibn Khalaf .

Quran-usc-range|8|17

One sources stats he was ransomed from after Badr, but was killed by Muhammad himself with a spear in the Battle of Uhud (625 CE). Verse Quran-usc|8|17 was revealed in this occasion [ [http://www.livingislam.org/n/uun_e.html Umm `Umara Nasiba Bint Ka`B Al-Ans.Ariyya (Ra) ] ] .

Sahaba

Muhammads companions

General

Quran-usc|48|5

:"That he may admit the believing men and woman to gardens beneath which rivers flow [Sahaba, 48.5: regarding the treaty of Hudaybia from Al-Islam.org [http://www.al-islam.org/organizations/aalimnetwork/msg00267.html] ]

Asma bint Abu Bakr

Abu Bakr's daughter.

Quran-usc|60|8

:"God forbids you not, with regard to those who do not fight you because of your faith nor drive you out of your homes, from dealing kindly and justly with them. God loves those who are just. God only forbids you with regard to those who fight you for your Faith, and drive you from your homes, and support others in driving you out, from turning to them (for friendship and protection). It is such as turn to them (in these circumstances) that do wrong." [Asma bint Abu Bakr, 60.8: The verse was regarding her mother, Qutaylah bint Abd al-Uzza [http://www.jannah.org/sisters/asma.html] ]

Abu Bakr

Abu Bakr became the first Caliph.

Quran-usc|9|40

:"If you will not aid him, Allah certainly aided him when those who disbelieved expelled him, he being the second of the two, when they were both in the cave, when he said to his companion: Grieve not, surely Allah is with us. So Allah sent down His tranquillity upon him and strengthened him with hosts which you did not see, and made lowest the word of those who disbelieved; and the word of Allah, that is the highest; and Allah is Mighty, Wise. [Abu Bakr, 9.40: widely known, see also Hadith of Abu Bakr and Muhammad in the cave.]

Zayd ibn Harithah

Zayd was Muhammad's adopted son. He is the only companion of Muhammed whose name appears in the Quran.

Quran-usc|33|37

:"And when you said to him to whom Allah had shown favor and to whom you had shown a favor: Keep your wife to yourself and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; and you concealed in your soul what Allah would bring to light, and you feared men, and Allah had a greater right that you should fear Him. But when Zaid had accomplished his want of her, We gave her to you as a wife, so that there should be no difficulty for the believers in respect of the wives of their adopted sons, when they have accomplished their want of them; and Allah's command shall be performed.

Salman the Persian

Salman was a companion of Muhammad, highly respected by both Shi'a and Sunni

Quran-usc|62|3

:"And He (Allah) has sent him (Muhammad) also to other (Muslims). [ Salman the Persian, 62.3: Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, See also the Hadith of Persians and knowledge ]

Ahl al-Bayt

The Ahl al-Bayt was Muhammads household. Shi'a and Sunni have differing views regarding who is included among them, and also different views regarding which verses are associated with the household.

Generally

3.61

"And whoso disputeth with thee concerning him, after the knowledge which hath come unto thee, say (unto him): Come! We will summon our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, and ourselves and yourselves, then we will pray humbly (to our Lord) and (solemnly) invoke the curse of Allah upon those who lie."cite quran|3|61

According to hadith collections, in 631 an Arab Christian envoy from Najran (currently in northern Yemen and partly in Saudi Arabia) came to Muhammad to argue which of the two parties erred in its doctrine concerning Jesus. After likening Jesus' miraculous birth to Adam's creation [cite quran|3|59|style = ref] , Muhammad called them to "mubahala" (cursing), where each party should ask God to destroy the lying party and their families. [cite quran|3|61|style = ref] Muhammad, to prove to them that he is a prophet, brought his daughter Fatimah and his surviving grandchildren, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, and Ali ibn Abi Talib and came back to the Christians and said this is my family and covered himself and his family with a cloak. [See:* Sahih Muslim, Chapter of virtues of companions, section of virtues of Ali, 1980 Edition Pub. in Saudi Arabia, Arabic version, v4, p1871, the end of tradition #32
* Sahih al-Tirmidhi, v5, p654
* Madelung, 1997, pp. 15 and 16] Allameh Tabatabaei explains in "Tafsir al-Mizan" that the word "Our selves" in this verse [cite quran|3|61|style = ref] refers to Muhammad and Ali. Then he narrates Imam Ali al-Rida, eighth Shia Imam, in discussion with Al-Ma'mun, Abbasid caliph, referred to this verse to prove the superiority of Muhammad's progeny over the rest of the Muslim community, and considered it as the proof for Ali's right for caliphate due to Allah made Ali like the self of Muhammad. [ [http://www.almizan.org/Tafseer/Volume6/6Imran2.asp Tabatabaei, Tafsir al-Mizan, v.6, Al Imran, verses 61-63] ]

33.32-33

Sunni view::" [33.32] O wives of the Prophet! you are not like any other of the women; If you will be on your guard, then be not soft in (your) speech, lest he in whose heart is a disease yearn; and speak a good word.

:" [33.33] And stay in your houses and do not display your finery like the displaying of the ignorance of yore; and keep up prayer, and pay the poor-rate, and obey Allah and His Apostle. Allah only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! and to purify you a (thorough) purifying.

Shi'a view:"Allah only desires to take away any uncleanliness from you, O people of the household, and purify you (a thorough purifying) (ref).

Ali ibn Abu Talib

Ali became the fourth Sunni Caliph and is regarded as the 1st Shia Imam.

2.207

"And among men is he who sells his "nafs" (self) in exchange for the pleasure of Allah"cite quran|2|207

In 622, the year of Muhammad's migration to Yathrib (now Medina), Ali risked his life by sleeping in Muhammad's bed to impersonate him and thwart an assassination plot, so that Muhammad could escape in safety.cite encyclopedia|last=Nasr |first=Seyyed Hossein | authorlink=Seyyed Hossein Nasr | title=Qur’an |year=2007| encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica Online | accessdate=2007-11-04|location=|publisher=|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-68890/Quran] [Ashraf (2005), pp.28-29] This night is called "Laylat al-mabit". According to some hadith, a verse was revealed about Ali concerning his sacrifice on the night of Hijra which says, " [ [http://www.almizan.org/Tafseer/Volume3/Baqarah50.asp Tabatabae, Tafsir Al-Mizan] ]

5.3

"Today I have perfected your religion, and completed my favours for you and chosen Islam as a religion for you."cite quran|5|3

According to Sunni Tafsir this verse was delivered in Farewell Pilgrimage Alford Welch, "Muhammad", Encyclopedia of Islam] while according to Shia ones it refers to appointment of Ali ibn Abi Talib as the successor of Muhammad in pond of Khumm which happened while Muslims returned from Mecca to Medina, few days later. [See:
* [http://www.almizan.org/Tafseer/Volume3/Baqarah50.asp Tabatabae, Tafsir Al-Mizan, volume 9, pages 227-247]
* [http://www.tafseercomparison.org/study2.asp?TitleText=Study%202:%20Verse%205:3 Comparing the Tafsir of various exegetes] ]

5.55

"Only Allah is your Wali (guardian) and His Apostle and those who believe, those who keep up prayers and pay the poor-rate while they bow."cite quran|5|55

Many of the Sunni and Shia commentators are agreed that this verse refers to Ali and was revealed after he had given his ring away to someone in need who had entered the mosque while prayer was in progress.Momen (1985), p.17]

13.7

And the Unbelievers say: "Why is not a sign sent down to him from his Lord?" But thou art truly a warner, and to every people a guide. cite quran|13|7

Many sources including some Sunni ones acknowledge that when this verse was revealed Mohammad said "I'm the warner and you, O'Ali, are the guide and through you will be guided those who are to e guided."

Muhammad's wives

Zaynab bint Jahsh

Zaynab was married to Zayd ibn Harithah until they divorced and she married Muhammad.

33:36

:"is not fitting for a Believer, man or woman, when a matter has been decided by Allah and His Messenger to have any option about their decision: if any one disobeys Allah and His Messenger, he is indeed on a clearly wrong Path.

Sawda bint Zama

Quran-usc|4|127

:"And they ask you a decision about women. Say: God makes known to you His decision concerning them, and that which is recited to you in the Book concerning female orphans whom you do not give what is appointed for them while you desire to marry them, and concerning the weak among children, and that you should deal towards orphans with equity; and whatever good you do, God surely knows it.

A'isha

Aish'a was Abu Bakr's daughter and married to Muhammad.

24.11

:"Verily! They who spread the slander are a gang among you..."

66

Entire chapter, disputed A'isha, Hafsa and Maria al-Qibtiyya, chapter 66: Some historians, and commentators, say that the quarrel was caused by the other wives' jealousy of Maria. Other commentators say that the wives Aisha and Hafsa bint Umar had conspired against Zaynab bint Jahsh. This is known as the story of the honey. Some Western writers, such as Gilchrist and Rodinson, feel that the "story of the honey" is an expurgated version of the story of Maria.
* Rodinson, Maxime "Muhammad". Random House, Inc., New York, 2002.
* Gilchrist, John. "Muhammad and the Religion of Islam". Benoni, Republic of South Africa, 1986.]

Maymuna bint al-Harith

Maymuna was one of Muhammad's wives.

33:50

:"And any believing woman who dedicates her soul to Muhammad

Hafsa

66

Entire chapter, disputed A'isha, Hafsa and Maria al-Qibtiyya, chapter 66: Some historians, and commentators, say that the quarrel was caused by the other wives' jealousy of Maria. Other commentators say that the wives Aisha and Hafsa bint Umar had conspired against Zaynab bint Jahsh. This is known as the story of the honey. Some Western writers, such as Gilchrist and Rodinson, feel that the "story of the honey" is an expurgated version of the story of Maria.
* Rodinson, Maxime "Muhammad". Random House, Inc., New York, 2002.
* Gilchrist, John. "Muhammad and the Religion of Islam". Benoni, Republic of South Africa, 1986.]

Maria al-Qibtiyya

66

Entire chapter, disputed A'isha, Hafsa and Maria al-Qibtiyya, chapter 66: Some historians, and commentators, say that the quarrel was caused by the other wives' jealousy of Maria. Other commentators say that the wives Aisha and Hafsa bint Umar had conspired against Zaynab bint Jahsh. This is known as the story of the honey. Some Western writers, such as Gilchrist and Rodinson, feel that the "story of the honey" is an expurgated version of the story of Maria.
* Rodinson, Maxime "Muhammad". Random House, Inc., New York, 2002.
* Gilchrist, John. "Muhammad and the Religion of Islam". Benoni, Republic of South Africa, 1986.]

Notes