Foja Mountains

The Foja Mountains or Foja Range ( _id. Pegunungan Foja) is located just north of the Mamberamo river basin in Papua, Indonesia. The mountains rise to 2,193 meters (7,195 ft), and contain more than 3,000 square kilometres of old growth tropical rainforest in the interior part of the range.

The entire Foja forest tract covers some 9,712 square kilometers and is the largest unroaded tropical forest in the Asia Pacific region. [cite web |url=http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Lost_Worlds_Of_West_Papua_Reveal_More_Surprises_999.html |title=Lost Worlds Of West Papua Reveal More Surprises |accessdate=2007-12-19 |format= |work= ]

Geography

The mountains are sometimes spelled "Foya", and are located approximately 60 to 70 kilometers south of the coastal town of Sarmi.

The Foja mountains are cooler than the lowlands below because of their elevation, but January and July temperatures still average 20 to 30 °C (68 to 86 °F). The rainy season occurs from December to March, but the area can receive rain throughout the year. In a typical year, the range receives more than 2,032 mm (80 in) of precipitation. Relative humidity ranges from 73 to 87%. The nearest villages include: Sragafareh, Jomen, Beggensabah, Aer Mati, and Dabra.

History

The mountains have no record of visitors prior to 1979 (Stattersfield et al. 1998), and are dominated by "Araucaria cunninghamii", "Podocarpus neriifolius", "Agathis labillardieri", "Calophyllum", and "Palaquium" at the 1,200 meter level. Much of the area around the Foja Mountains and nearby Van Rees Mountains are too steep for traditional logging, and are considered safe due to their inaccessibility. Some atlases show only the Gauttier Mountains in the area, but the Foja Mountains lie at the eastern edge of that range at about 139° east longitude. [Cite web |url=http://www.traveljournals.net/explore/indonesia/locations/p/93.html |title=Indonesia Locations List - Pegunungan Buja to Pegunungan Kapuas Hilir |publisher=Traveljournals.net ]

Ecological discovery

2005

In December 2005, a group of scientists, from the United States, Indonesia, and Australia spent nearly a month in the Foja Range documenting flora and fauna from the lower hills to near the summit of the range. The expedition team was co-led by Dr. Bruce Beehler and Dr. Stephen Richards and included scientists from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cenderawasih University, the Smithsonian Institution, Conservation International and other institutions. In February 2006, the expedition team released details of newly discovered species including:

*One bird, a honeyeater with scarlet wattles, [Cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/s1565276.htm |first=Anna |last=Salleh |title='Lost world' may be Earth's last |Australian Broadcasting Corporation |work=News in Science |date=2006-02-08] officially described in 2007 as the Wattled Smoky Honeyeater ("Melipotes carolae").
*20 frogs
*Four butterflies
*Five palms
*A rhododendron with a white, scented flower 15 cm across

The scientists also documented the following notable species:

*The first photographs of Berlepsch's Six-wired Bird of Paradise and the Golden-fronted Bowerbird, both of which were only known from a minute number of trade skins previously. [Cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/02/08/weden08.xml&sSheet=/portal/2006/02/08/ixportal.html |title=Paradise found |first=Charles |last=Clover |publisher=The Daily Telegraph |date=2006-02-08 ]
*A Golden-mantled Tree-kangaroo ("Dendrolagus pulcherrimus"), believed to be near-extinct.
*Western Long-beaked Echidnas that allowed scientists to pick them up, evidence that the area has had no human presence

The human population of the Foja Range is about 300, all of whom live in the 7,500 square kilometres of low-lying forest. The 3,000 square kilometres of mountainous jungle appear to have been untouched by humans until the 2006 scientific expedition. There are no roads in the mountains, so scientists had to travel by helicopter, landing on a boggy lakebed. Six permits were needed before the 11-member team could legally fly in.

2007

In December 2007, a second scientific expedition was taken to the mountain range. The expedition led to the discovery of two new species: the first being a 1.4kg giant rat ("Mallomys" sp.) approximately five times the size of a regular Brown Rat, the second a pygmy possum ("Cercartetus" sp.) described by scientists as "one of the world's smallest marsupials." [Cite news |url=http://news.aol.com/story/nc/_a/giant-rat-discovered-in-lost-world/20071217090909990001 |title=Giant Rat Discovered in 'Lost World' |AOL News |date=2007-12-18]

References

External links

* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4688000.stm "New species found in Papua 'Eden'"] , "BBC News"
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/4688330.stm "In pictures: Papua's 'lost world'"] , "BBC News"
* [http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060207/ap_on_sc/indonesia_new_species_2 "Scientists Discover Dozens of New Species"] , "Yahoo! News" (Link dead as of 03:39, 15 January 2007 (UTC))
* [http://www.cbc.ca/news/photogalleries/flash/lostworld.html?gallery=lostworld "A "Lost World" Photo Gallery"] , "CBC News" (requires Flash)
* [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/02/0207_060207_new_species.html "Lost World Found in Indonesia Is Trove of New Species"] , "National Geographic News"