Gilbert Patten

William George "Gilbert" Patten (October 25, 1866 - January 16, 1945) was a writer of dime novels and is best known as author of the Frank Merriwell stories, with the pen name Burt L. Standish.

Biography

Gilbert Patten was born in Corinna, Maine in 1866. His father, a carpenter, and his mother were deeply religious pacifists. He entered Corinna Union Academy at fourteen, but when his father threatened that he would be put to work if he did not improve at school, Patten ran away to Biddeford, Maine where he worked in a machine shop. When he returned home and told his father that he would become an author, he was given thirty days to prove himself. He sold his first two stories in this period to the dime novel company of Erastus Flavel Beadle, and combined his resumed studies for the next four years with writing and publishing stories. When he was twenty, he married Alice Gardner, and in 1892 their son Harvan Barr Patten was born. They later divorced and Gilbert Patten would marry twice more. [http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/1961/4/1961_4_24.shtml American Heritage Volume 12 #4] : "Frank Merriwell at Yale Again and Again and Again" by Stewart Holbrook (June 1961] ]

Patten worked at the "Pittsfield Advertiser" before creating in 1888 his own newspaper, the "Corinna Owl". He sold it the next year to the "Advertiser", and devoted his time to the stories, mostly westerns, for Beadle's "Half-Dime Library".

Meanwhile, he managed a semi-professional baseball team in 1890–1891 in Camden, Maine before leaving for New York. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=y2ZVrHGucHQC&pg=RA1-PT207&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=2X78R4fePI-KzQSNta3kDQ&sig=3UambCwefKj9yR2uSXpgjP7H_2Q Joel Zoss and John Bowman in "Diamonds in the Rough: The Untold History of Baseball"] page 265 (2004)] But after this season he again mostly worked as an author, working for Norman Munro, and for most of his career for Street & Smith. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=Sx8PREXhHwwC&pg=PA73&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=fHL8R92JJYOOywSB9rDmDQ&sig=19cGdgg18ANIKO3Rp8Xrf9vrTWk#PPA81,M1 John T. Dizer, "Authors Who Wrote Dime Novels and Series Books, 1890-1914"] in "Pioneers, Passionate Ladies, and Private Eyes", page 81 (1996)]

He was a writer of dime novels. His first published dime novel was "The Diamond Sport; or, The Double Face of Bed Rock", published in 1886 by Beadle. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=LE0GWUH9aSoC&pg=PA173&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=2X78R4fePI-KzQSNta3kDQ&sig=onA8goAHK0tuarComEJgWowbj7U#PPA172,M1 J. Randolph Cox, in "The Dime Novel Companion: A Source Book] page 271 (2000)] He wrote westerns with the pen name Wyoming Bill, [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=LrLGfhVum90C&pg=PA110&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=fHL8R92JJYOOywSB9rDmDQ&sig=K1rw0drL3Yfpmp5PvVOsaTnguCc#PPA66,M1 John A. Dinan in "Sports in the Pulp Magazines"] page 66 (1998)] but is best known for his sporting stories in the "Frank Merriwell" series, written as Burt L. Standish. Patten started writing the "Merriwell" stories in April 1896 for the publsher Street & Smith and produced one each week, at a length of twenty thousand words, for twenty years. The series, which appeared in "Tip-Top Weekly", was immensely popular, selling some 135,000 copies a week, and the brothers Frank and Dick Merriwell became icons of All-American sportsmanship, entering the jargon of sports commentators. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=LyJqIfNPSgcC&pg=PA1072&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=Bon8R4X8OZK2ygT2tuzkDQ&sig=f9X8CYSzOqo0qXe2OJKp5G-ckm0 Steven Serafin and Alfred Bendixen in "The Continuum Encyclopedia of American Literature"] page 1072 (2003)] [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=pgAnhYlGijgC&pg=PA357&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=Bon8R4X8OZK2ygT2tuzkDQ&sig=1qVCOZP-NlVWB40r3-nu663qjo8 "Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Allusions"] page 357] Patten, however, never received any royalties for them, being paid up to $150 per story as a hack writer. The series was originally inspired by the success of the British Penny Dreadfuls like "Jack Harkaway". [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=Sx8PREXhHwwC&pg=PA73&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=fHL8R92JJYOOywSB9rDmDQ&sig=19cGdgg18ANIKO3Rp8Xrf9vrTWk#PPA81,M1 E.M. Sanchez Saavedra] in "Pioneers, Passionate Ladies, and Private Eyes", page 113 (1996)] Gibert Patten also contributed to the "Frank Merriwell" comic strip from 1928, and supervised the 1934 NBC radio series. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=LE0GWUH9aSoC&pg=PA173&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=2X78R4fePI-KzQSNta3kDQ&sig=onA8goAHK0tuarComEJgWowbj7U#PPA172,M1 J. Randolph Cox, in "The Dime Novel Companion: A Source Book] page 172-173 (2000)] In 1893, he hired Edward Stratemeyer as a writer for the Street & Smith publication "Good News". [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=LrLGfhVum90C&pg=PA110&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=fHL8R92JJYOOywSB9rDmDQ&sig=K1rw0drL3Yfpmp5PvVOsaTnguCc#PPA66,M1 John A. Dinan in "Sports in the Pulp Magazines"] page 134 (1998)] From 1927 to 1930, Gilbert Patten would start a new series of "Frank Merriwell" stories, aided now by a few ghostwriters.In 1930, Patten started his own publication, "The Dime Novel", but only one issue appeared. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=LE0GWUH9aSoC&pg=PA173&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=2X78R4fePI-KzQSNta3kDQ&sig=onA8goAHK0tuarComEJgWowbj7U#PPA172,M1 J. Randolph Cox, in "The Dime Novel Companion: A Source Book] page 87-88 (2000)] Apart from the "Merriwell" stories, Patten wrote 75 complete novels and an unknown number of stories. He estimated that he had written 40 million words as an author. [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=Mlxs1F0AZCwC&pg=PA157&dq=%22Gilbert+Patten%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=2X78R4fePI-KzQSNta3kDQ&sig=-YOPYwVbYClWEbbDJCW-DEk3Vs0#PPA155,M1 James M. Cain in "Sixty Years of Journalism"] page 157 (1985)] In total, some 500 million of his books were in print, [ [http://www.jstor.org/pss/363815 Chester G. Mayo in "The New England Quarterly" vol. 38 #3] page 422 (1965)] making him one of the best-selling fiction authors of all time.

He lived most of his life in Camden, Maine, but moved to California in 1941. He died in Vista, California in 1945.

Partial bibliography

As himself

* "The Diamond Sport", 1886, 1 story
* "Violet Vane", 8 stories between 1889 and 189
* "The Deadwood Trail", 1 novel published by D. Appleton and Co. in 1904
* Football stories in "Popular Magazine", a Street & Smith publication (1903)
* "Cliff Stirling" or "Clif Sterling", a series of five sporting novels published by David McKay between 1910 and 1916

As Burt L. Standish

* "Frank Merriwell", 209 dime novels between 1896 and 1930 (some between 1927 and 1930 written by other authors with the same pen name), 28 of them reprinted as hard covers
* "Big League", 16 episodes of baseball stories

As William West Wilder, aka Wyoming Bill

* Westerns

As Harry Dangerfield

* Westerns, e.g. "The Boy Cattle King"

As Emerson Bell

* Science fiction, e.g. "In The Heart of the Earth" (the pen name was also used by Edward Stratemeyer)

As Gordon Braddock

* "Rex Kingdon"

As Morgan Scott

* "Oakdale"

As George Thruston Burr

* "Bob Hunter", 1 story in 1930

As Bertha M. Clay

* Stories for Street & Smith: name used by different authors

Other

* "Boltwood of Yale"
* "On College Battlefields"
* "The Call of the Varsity"
* "The College Rebel"

Notes

External links

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