Ferreira Gullar

Ferreira Gullar is the pen name for José Ribamar Ferreira (born in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil on September 10, 1930), brazilian poet, playwright, essayist, art critic, and television writer. In 1959 he formed the "Neo-Concretes" group of poets.

The [http://www.coleccioncisneros.org/st_writ.asp?ID=10&Type=2 Neo-Concrete Manifesto] of that year by him begins::We use the term "neo-concrete" to differentiate ourselves from those committed to non-figurative "geometric" art (neo-plasticism, constructivism, suprematism, the school of Ulm) and particularly the kind of concrete art that is influenced by a dangerously acute rationalism. In the light of their artistic experience, the painters, sculptors, engravers and writers participating in this first Neo-concrete Exhibition came to the conclusion that it was necessary to evaluate the theoretical principles on which concrete art has been founded, none of which offers a rationale for the expressive potential they feel their art contains."

Living in Chile, in 1975, Ferreira Gullar wrote his best known work, "Poema Sujo" ("Dirty Poem" in English). He was exiled by the Brazilian dictatorial government that lasted from 1964 to 1985. The poem tells that the persecution to the exiled people was growing, many ones were being found dead, and, thinking in the hypothesis of his death, decided to write his last poem. He passed months writing this poem with more than two thousand verses, that brings forth his memories of his infancy and adolescence in São Luís, Maranhão and the anguishes of being far from his land.Ferreira Gullar read the poem at Augusto Boal's house in Buenos Aires, in a meeting organized by Vinicius de Moraes. The reading, recorded on tape, became well known between brazilian intellectuals, who try to guarantee Gullar's return to Brazil Brazil in 1977, where he continued writing to journals and publishing books.

Bibliography

;Poetry
*"Um pouco acima do chão", 1949
*"A luta corporal", 1954
*"Poemas", 1958
*"João Boa-Morte, cabra marcado para morrer" (cordel), 1962
*"Quem matou Aparecida?" (cordel), 1962
*"A luta corporal e novos poemas", 1966
*"História de um valente", (cordel, na clandestinidade, como João Salgueiro), 1966
*"Por você por mim", 1968
*"Dentro da noite veloz", 1975
*"Poema sujo", 1976
*"Na vertigem do dia", 1980
*"Crime na flora ou Ordem e progresso", 1986
*"Barulhos", 1987
*"O formigueiro", 1991
*"Muitas vozes", 1999

;Anthologies
*"Antologia poética", 1977
*"Toda poesia", 1980
*"Ferreira Gullar" - seleção de Beth Brait, 1981
*"Os melhores poemas de Ferreira Gullar" - seleção de Alfredo Bosi, 1983
*"Poemas escolhidos", 1989

;Short stories
*"Gamação", 1996
*"Cidades inventadas", 1997

;Theater
*"Um rubi no umbigo", 1979

;Chronicles
*"A estranha vida banal", 1989
*"O menino e o arco-íris", 2001

;Memories
*"Rabo de foguete - Os anos de exílio", 1998

;Biography
*"Nise da Silveira: uma psiquiatra rebelde", 1996

;Essays
*"Teoria do não-objeto", 1959
*"Cultura posta em questão", 1965
*"Vanguarda e subdesenvolvimento", 1969
*"Augusto do Anjos ou Vida e morte nordestina", 1977
*"Tentativa de compreensão: arte concreta, arte neoconcreta - Uma contribuição brasileira", 1977
*"Uma luz no chão", 1978
*"Sobre arte", 1983
*"Etapas da arte contemporânea: do cubismo à arte neoconcreta", 1985
*"Indagações de hoje", 1989
*"Argumentação contra a morte da arte", 1993
*"O Grupo Frente e a reação neoconcreta", 1998
*"Cultura posta em questão/Vanguarda e subdesenvolvimento", 2002
*"Rembrandt", 2002
*"Relâmpagos", 2003

;Television
*"Araponga" - 1990/1991 (Rede Globo) - colaborador
*"Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos" - 1998 (Rede Globo) - colaborador
*"Irmãos Coragem- 1995 (Rede Globo) - colaborador

External links

* [http://www.princeclausfund.org/en/what_we_do/awards/2002gullar.shtml Prince Claus Fund]
* [http://www.artnexus.com/NewsDetail/9622 Poet Nexus]
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0347777/ IMDB page]