String Quartet No. 16 (Beethoven)
- String Quartet No. 16 (Beethoven)
The String Quartet No. 16 in F major, Op. 135, by Ludwig van Beethoven was written in 1826 and was the last substantial work he finished. Only the last movement of the Quartet Op. 130, written as a replacement for the Große Fuge, was written later. It was premiered by the Schuppanzigh Quartet in March 1828.
The work is on a smaller scale than his other late quartets. For the third movement, Beethoven used variation techniques, which is uncommon for pieces written in sonata form; he also did this in the second movement of his Quartet Op. 127. [Bernard Jacobson. "Beethoven: The Complete String Quartets." EMI 5736062. CD liner notes, 24.] Under the introductory slow chords in the last movement Beethoven wrote in the manuscript "Muß es sein?" (Must it be?) to which he responds, with the faster main theme of the movement, "Es muß sein!" (It must be!). The whole movement is headed "Der schwer gefaßte Entschluß" (The Difficult Decision).
It is in four movements:
# Allegretto
# Vivace
# Lento assai, cantante e tranquillo
# “Der schwer gefaßte Entschluß:” Grave — Allegro — Grave ma non troppo tratto — Allegro
Notes
External links
* [http://www.focm.org/artist-takacs2.htm Takacs Quartets program notes] with more on the history of the finale of the quartet in particular
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/12237 Project Gutenberg E-Book of the Quartet]
*
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