Macula

Macula

Infobox Anatomy
Name = PAGENAME
Latin = macula lutea
GraySubject = 225
GrayPage = 1015


Caption = Human eye cross-sectional view.


Caption2 =


MapPos =
MapCaption =
Precursor =
System =
Artery =
Vein =
Nerve =
Lymph =
MeshName = Macula+Lutea
MeshNumber =
DorlandsPre = m_01
DorlandsSuf = 12509252
The macula or macula lutea (from Latin "macula", "spot" + "lutea", "yellow") is an oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye. It has a diameter of around 5 mm and is often histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells. Near its center is the fovea, a small pit that contains the largest concentration of cone cells in the eye and is responsible for central vision.

It is specialized for high acuity vision. Within the macula are the fovea and foveola which contain a high density of cones (photoreceptors with high acuity). In contrast to the rest of the retina, which is supplied by the retinal artery, the macula receives its blood supply from the choroid.

Clinical significance

Whereas loss of peripheral vision may go unnoticed for some time, damage to the macula will result in loss of central vision, which is usually immediately obvious. The progressive destruction of the macula is a disease known as macular degeneration and leads to the creation of a macular hole. Macular holes are rarely caused by trauma, but if a severe blow is delivered perfectly it can burst the blood vessels going to the macula, destroying it.

Visual input to the macula occupies a substantial portion of the brain's visual capacity. As a result, some forms of visual field loss can occur without involving the macula; this is termed macular sparing. (For example, visual field testing might demonstrate "homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing".)

ee also

*Cystoid macular edema
*Intermediate uveitis


=Additional


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • macula — [ makyla ] n. f. • 1868; mot lat. « tache » ♦ Anat. Tache ovale jaune grisâtre du fond de l œil, située sur la rétine du côté inférieur externe de la papille optique (SYN. tache jaune). Des maculas. ● macula nom féminin (latin macula, tache)… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • mácula — f. dermat. Mancha pigmentaria de la piel, generalmente de color rojizo y de dimensiones variables, que no sobresale de la superficie. ⊆ anat. Área que, por su color o por otras características, se puede distinguir del resto de tejido u órgano.… …   Diccionario médico

  • macula — MACULÁ, maculez, vb. I. tranz. (livr.) A păta, a murdări, a mânji. – Din lat. maculare, fr. maculer. Trimis de claudia, 14.09.2003. Sursa: DEX 98  MACULÁ vb. v. jegoşi, mânji, murdări, păta …   Dicționar Român

  • maculă — MÁCULĂ s. v. pată. Trimis de siveco, 13.09.2007. Sursa: Sinonime  máculă s. f., g. d. art. máculei; pl. mácule Trimis de siveco, 10.08.2004. Sursa: Dicţionar ortografic  MÁCULĂ s.f. (Liv.) Pată ♦ Modificare de culoare a pielii, datorită unei… …   Dicționar Român

  • mácula — (Del lat. macŭla). 1. f. mancha (ǁ señal que ensucia un cuerpo). 2. Cosa que deslustra y desdora. 3. mácula lútea. 4. coloq. Engaño, trampa. 5. Astr. Cada una de las partes oscuras que se observan en el disco del Sol o de la Luna. mácula lútea. f …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • macula — (n.) pl. maculae, from L. macula spot, stain, used of various spots (sunspots, markings on minerals, etc.), of uncertain origin. Especially the macula lutea in the eye …   Etymology dictionary

  • Macula —   [lateinisch »Fleck«] die, /...ae, in der Anatomie abgegrenzter Bezirk an oder in einem Organ, z. B. Macula lutea, der gelbe Fleck im Auge; in der Dermatologie fleckförmige Veränderung (z. B. Exanthem) bei Hauterkrankungen.   …   Universal-Lexikon

  • macula — / makula/ (o macola) s.f. [dal lat. macŭla ], lett. 1. [piccola area di colore diverso dall area circostante causata dalla caduta di un liquido e sim. su un tessuto, una superficie, ecc.] ▶◀ [➨ macchia1 (1)]. 2. (fig.) [ciò che deturpa moralmente …   Enciclopedia Italiana

  • mácula — s. f. 1. Marca de sujidade. = MANCHA, NÓDOA 2.  [Figurado] Falha na reputação. = INFÂMIA, IMPUREZA, LABÉU, MANCHA 3.  [Medicina] Mancha cutânea lisa, não saliente.   ‣ Etimologia: latim macula, mancha, nódoa, erro …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • mácula — sustantivo femenino 1. Uso/registro: elevado. Mancha: Entregué el trabajo sin mácula, no ha tenido que hacer ni una corrección. 2. Área: astronomía Mancha o zona oscura de las que se observan en el Sol …   Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española

  • macula — [mak′yo͞o lə] n. pl. maculae [mak′yo͞olē΄] or maculas [L, a spot, stain] 1. a spot, stain, blotch, etc.; esp., a discolored spot on the skin 2. short for MACULA LUTEA macular adj …   English World dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”