Grise Fiord, Nunavut

Grise Fiord, Nunavut

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Grise Fiord
other_name =
native_name = Aujuittuq
nickname =
motto =


imagesize =
image_caption = Looking north over Grise Fiord


flag_size =
image_

seal_size =
image_shield =
shield_size =
city_logo =
citylogo_size =


mapsize = 200px
map_caption = Map showing location of Grise Fiord
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = CAN
subdivision_type1 = Territory
subdivision_name1 = NU
subdivision_type2 =
subdivision_name2 =
subdivision_type3 =
subdivision_name3 =
subdivision_type4 =
subdivision_name4 =
government_type = Grise Fiord Council
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Jarloo Kiguktak
leader_title1 =
leader_name1 =
leader_title2 =
leader_name2 =
leader_title3 =
leader_name3 =
established_title = Settled
established_date = 1953
established_title2 =
established_date2 =
established_title3 =
established_date3 =
area_magnitude =
area_footnotes =
area_total_km2 = 332.70
area_land_km2 =
area_water_km2 =
population_as_of = 2006
population_footnotes = [ [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6204025&Geo2=PR&Code2=62&Data=Count&SearchText=Resolute&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All Population and dwelling counts] ]
population_note =
settlement_type =
population_total = 141
population_density_km2 = 0.4
population_density_sq_mi =
timezone = EST
utc_offset = -5
timezone_DST = EDT
utc_offset_DST = -4
latd=76 |latm=25 |lats=03 |latNS=N
longd=82 |longm=53 |longs=38 |longEW=W
elevation_m = 32
elevation_ft =
postal_code_type = Canadian Postal code
postal_code = X0A
area_code = 867
blank_name = Telephone Exchange
blank_info = 980
blank1_name = GNBC Code
blank1_info = OAGQA
blank2_name = NTS Map
blank2_info = 011D12
website = [http://www.grisefiord.ca]
footnotes =

Grise Fiord, (Aujuittuq Place That Never Thaws) is a small Inuit hamlet, Qikiqtaaluk Region in the territory of Nunavut, Canada.

Geography

Grise Fiord is the northernmost civilian settlement in North America, but was eclipsed by Alert as the North America's northernmost community when Environment Canada and the Canadian Forces began to station permanent personnel there.

Located at the southern tip of Ellesmere Island, Grise Fiord is one of three permanent settlements on the island. Grise Fiord lies 1160 km (720 miles) north of the Arctic Circle.

Grise Fiord lies in the Arctic Cordillera mountain range which is the only major mountain system east of the Canadian Rockies.

Living conditions

Transportation

Grise Fiord is connected to the rest of the world by Grise Fiord Airport.

Climate

The climate in Grise Fiord is severely cold. Grise Fiord has an arctic climate, which means that there is less than 250 mm precipitation, and temperature stays well below zero Celsius for more than eight months of the year.

The lowest recorded temperature in Grise Fiord was -62.2 °C (-79.6 oF). The highest was 22.3 °C (72.1 oF). Fact|date=February 2007

Crime and safety

A Simon Fraser University study of Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) activity in the Baffin Region states that Grise Fiord had the lowest rate of criminal offences of all communities looked at in 1992, [Curt Taylor Griffiths, Gregory Saville, Darryl S. Wood, and Evelyn Zellerer. "POLICING THE BAFFIN REGION, N.W.T.: Findings From the Eastern Arctic Crime and Justice Study", 1995 [http://www.justiceexpert.com/pdfs/Policing%20in%20the%20Arctic.pdf] ] and cites a 1994 Statistics Canada survey that gives the highest perception of personal safety. ["AboriginalPeoples Survey", Statistics Canada, 1994, cited on p17 of Curt Taylor Griffiths, Gregory Saville, Darryl S. Wood, and Evelyn Zellerer, "POLICING THE BAFFIN REGION, N.W.T.: Findings From the Eastern Arctic Crime and Justice Study" [http://www.justiceexpert.com/pdfs/Policing%20in%20the%20Arctic.pdf] ]

History

ettlement

The settlement (and Resolute) was created by the Canadian government in 1953 to assert sovereignty in the High Arctic during the Cold War. Eight Inuit families from Inukjuak, Quebec (on the Ungava Peninsula) were relocated after being promised homes and game to hunt, but the relocated people discovered no buildings and very little familiar wildlife. [ [http://www.grisefiord.ca/eng/history.html Grise Fiord: History] ] They were told that they would be returned home after a year if they wished, but this offer was later withdrawn as it would damage Canada's claims to sovereignty in the area and the Inuit were forced to stay. Eventually, the Inuit learned the local beluga whale migration routes and were able to survive in the area, hunting over a range of 18,000 km² (6,950 mi²) each year. [McGrath, Melanie. "The Long Exile: A Tale of Inuit Betrayal and Survival in the High Arctic". Alfred A. Knopf, 2006 (268 pages) Hardcover: ISBN 0007157967 Paperback: ISBN 0007157975] .

In 1993, the Canadian government held hearings to investigate the relocation program. The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples called the relocation "one of the worst human rights violations in the history of Canada". [ "The High Arctic Relocation: A Report on the 1953-55 Relocation" by René Dussault and George Erasmus, produced by the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, published by Canadian Government Publishing, 1994 (190 pages) [http://www.fedpubs.com/subject/aborig/arctic_reloc.htm] ] The government paid $10 million CAD to the survivors and their families, but as of 2007 has yet to apologize. [cite news
last = Royte
first = Elizabeth
coauthors =
title = Trail of Tears
work = The New York Times
pages =
language =
publisher =
date = 2007-04-08
url = http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/08/books/review/Royte.t.html?ex=1188964800&en=4b6eb6a89d7e85dd&ei=5070
accessdate =
]

Telephone network

In 1970, Bell Canada established what was then the world's most northerly telephone exchange (operated since 1992 by Northwestel).

Naming

Grise Fiord was named by Otto Sverdrup from Norway. The name means "pig inlet" in Norwegian. Grise Fiord's Inuit name is "Aujuittuq" which means "place that never thaws."

ee also

*Northernmost settlements
*Resolute, Nunavut

Other settlements on Ellesmere Island

*Alert, Nunavut
*Eureka, Nunavut

References

External links

* [http://www.grisefiord.ca/eng/index.html Grise Fiord HomePage]
* [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/08/books/review/Royte.t.html?ex=1188964800&en=4b6eb6a89d7e85dd&ei=5070 Book review of "The Long Exile"]


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