Australopithecus bahrelghazali

Taxobox
name = "Australopithecus bahrelghazali"
status = Fossil


image_width = 200px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Primates
familia = Hominidae
subfamilia = Homininae
genus = "Australopithecus"
species = "A. bahrelghazali"
binomial = †"Australopithecus bahrelghazali"
binomial_authority = Brunet et al., 1995

"Australopithecus bahrelghazali" is a fossil hominin that was first discovered in 1993 [Brunet, Michel, Beauvilain, Alain, Coppens, Yves, Heintz, Emile, Moutaye, Aladji H.E., and David Pilbeam. 1995 The first australopithecine 2,500 kilometres west of the Rift Valley (Chad)."Nature" 378: 273-275.] by the paleontologist Michel Brunet in the Bahr el Ghazal valley near Koro Toro, in Chad, that Brunet named Abel. It was dated using Berylium based Radiometric dating as living circa. 3.6 million years ago [ [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/0708015105v1| Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Sahelanthropus tchadensis and Australopithecus bahrelghazali: Mio-Pliocene hominids from Chad] Anne-Elisabeth Lebatard, Didier L. Bourlès, Philippe Duringer, Marc Jolivet, Régis Braucher†, Julien Carcaillet,Mathieu Schuster, Nicolas Arnaud, Patrick Monié, Fabrice Lihoreau, Andossa Likius, Hassan Taisso Mackaye,Patrick Vignaud, and Michel Brunet] .

The find consists of a mandibular fragment, a lower second incisor, both lower canines, and all four of its premolars, still affixed within the dental alveoli. The specimen's proper name is KT-12/H1; "Abel" is the informal name, a dedication to Brunet's deceased colleague Abel (hominid) Brillanceau. The specimen located roughly 2,500 kilometers West from the East African Great Rift Valley.

The mandible KT-12/H1 discovered has similar features to the dentition of "Australopithecus afarensis"; this has brought researchears like William Kimbel to argue that Abel is not an exemplar of a separate species, but "falls within the range of variation" of the "Australopithecus afarensis". By 1996, Brunet and his team classified KT 12/H1 as the holotype specimen for "Australopithecus bahrelghazali" [Brunet, M., A. Beauvilain, Y. Coppens, E. Heintz, A.H.E. Moutaye, and D. Pilbeam. 1996. "Australopithecus bahrelghazali, une nouvelle espece d'Hominide ancien de la region de Koro Toro (Tchad)." In "Comptes Rendus des séances de l'Academie des Sciences", vol. 322, pp. 907-913.] . This claim is difficult to substantiate,as the describers have kept KT 12/H1 locked away from the general paleoanthropological community, contrary to the "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" 1999 [Schwartz, Jeffrey H., and Ian Tattersal. 2005 The Human Fossil Record, vol.4: Craniodental Morphology of Early Hominids (Genra Australopithecus, Paranthropus, Orrorin) and Overview. John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey.] . This species is a mystery to some as it is the only australopithecine fossil found in Central Africa. It is also of great importance as it was the first fossil to show that geographically there is a "a third window" of early hominid evolution.

References

See also

*List of fossil sites "(with link directory)"
*List of hominina (hominid) fossils "(with images)"

External links

*http://www.msu.edu/~heslipst/contents/ANP440/bahrelghazali.htm
*http://www.columbia.edu/itc/anthropology/v1007/2002projects/web/australopithecus/austro.html