Madog ap Maredudd

Madog ap Maredudd

Madog ap Maredudd (died 1160) was the last Prince of the entire Kingdom of Powys, Wales and for a time held the Fitzalan Lordship of Oswestry.

Madog was the son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn and grandson of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn. He followed his father on the throne of Powys in 1132. He is recorded as taking part in the Battle of Lincoln in 1141 in support of the Earl of Chester, along with Owain Gwynedd's brother Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd and a large army of Welshmen. In 1149 he is recorded giving the commote of Cyfeiliog to his nephews Owain Cyfeiliog and his brother Meurig. The same year Madog was able to rebuild Oswestry castle a fortress of William Fitzalan. It would seem likely that he had gained both the fortresses of Oswestry and Whittington in 1146.

Defeat by Gwynedd

At this time the King of Gwynedd, between 1149 to 1150, Owain Gwynedd was exerting pressure on the borders of Powys, despite the fact that Madog was married to Susanna, Owain's sister. Madog made an alliance with Ranulf, Earl of Chester, but Owain defeated them at Coleshill in 1150 and took possession of Madog's lands in Iâl (English="Yale"] . In 1157 when King Henry II of England invaded Gwynedd he was supported by Madog, who was able to regain many of his Welsh lands. Even so he retained the lordships of Oswestry and Whittington. In 1159 Madog would seem to have been the Welsh prince who accompanied King Henry II in his campaign to Toulouse which ended in failure. Returning home to Wales Madog died about 9 February 1160 in Whittington Castle. He was buried soon afterwards in the church of St. Tysilio at Meifod, the mother church of Powys.

Succession Shared

Madog's eldest son, Llywelyn, was killed soon after his father's death and Powys was shared between a number of sons and nephews. Powys was never subsequently reunited, being separated into two parts; Powys Fadog (Lower Powys) and Powys Wenwynwyn (Upper Powys). Madog's death enabled Owain Gwynedd to force the homage of Owain Brogyntyn, one of Madog's younger sons, and effectively annex part of northern Powys. The poet Cynddelw Brydydd Mawr in his elegy on Madog said:

:"While Madog lived there was no man:"Dared ravage his fair borders:"Yet nought of all he held:"Esteemed he his save by God's might ...

:"If my noble lord were alive:"Gwynedd would not now be encamped in the heart of Edeyrnion"

The Mabinogion

The "Mabinogion" tale "The Dream of Rhonabwy" is set during Madog's reign. The central character, Rhonabwy, is one of Madog's retainers sent to bring in Madog's rebellious brother Iorwerth. His titular dream contrasts his own time with the grandeur of King Arthur's period. [Gantz, Jeffrey (translator) (1987). "The Mabinogion," pp. 177–191. New York: Penguin. ISBN 0-14-044322-3.]

Children

* Llywelyn ap Madog
* Gruffydd Maelor
* Gwenllian ferch Madog, married Rhys ap Gruffydd, prince of Deheubarth
* Marared ferch Madog, married Iorwerth Drwyndwn and was the mother of Llywelyn the Great
* Efa ferch Madog, married Cadwallon ap Madog

Notes

References

*cite book|author=John Edward Lloyd|title=A history of Wales: from the earliest times to the Edwardian conquest |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co|year=1911
* Remfry, P.M., "Whittington Castle and the families of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn, Peverel, Maminot, Powys and Fitz Warin" (ISBN 1-899376-80-1)
*Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis, Line 176B-26


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