Koerich

Infobox Luxembourg commune
name = Koerich
luxname = Käerch


arms = Coat of arms koerich luxbrg.png LAU2 = 09007
canton = Capellen
district = Luxembourg

Koerich ( _lb. Käerch) is a commune and village in western Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Capellen, which is part of the district of Luxembourg.

As of 2005, the village of Koerich, which lies in the centre of the commune, has a population of 1,044. The other small communities in the commune are Goeblange, Goetzingen and Windhof. With its onion-towered church standing above the ruins of the medieval castle, Koerich has a particularly attractive rural setting although it is only 15 km west of Luxembourg City.

Location

The village lies in the valley of the Goeblange stream which flows down to the River Eisch to the west. It is at the junction of the CR 109 to Goeblange and Capellen and the CR 110 to Windhof and Dippach. The centre of the village is 295 m above sea level while the residential developments to the north and south rise to a height of 320 m. The streets in the village are therefore very hilly. The surrounding countryside is a mixture of forests and open fields with mixed farming.

History

The commune has a history extending back some 2,000 years. There is strong evidence that the Romans inhabited the area between the 1st and 4th centuries. To the south at Windhof the commune borders on the "Kiem" or Roman road from Trier to Reims and to the north-west, in the Miecher forest near Goeblange, impressive remains of a Roman farming community have been found. Two large villas have been excavated and the foundations partially rebuilt. [ [http://www.stefan-ramseier.ch/roemisch/tagesbericht/2003/benelux/luxemburg/goeblange.htm Goeblange from Stefan Ramseier's Roman diaries] . Retrieved 16 November 2007] There are other buildings and fortifications on the site which are now being uncovered.

According to the commune's website, the first documentary reference to Koerich was in 979 but it was not until the 12th century that its two castles were built: the "Fockeschlass" of which all traces have disappeared though it is shown on the first cadastral map in 1771; and the "Grevenschlass" whose ruins still dominate the centre of the village. [ [http://www.koerich.lu/mmp/online/website/content/presentation/histoire/index_FR.html Présentation - Histoire from the commune's official site] . Retrieved 16 November 2007.]

The castle

The "Grevenschlass", now known as Koerich Castle, was built by Wirich I, Lord of Koerich and Seneschal of Luxembourg at the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century in late Romanesque style. It was expanded in 1304 by Godefroid of Koerich. The watchtower, now 11 m tall, was certainly much higher when it was built. Surrounded by a moat, the castle originally had a fortified entrance with a portcullis.

From 1380, Gilles of Autel and Koerich converted the stronghold into a more comfortable residence by building two 12-m towers at either end of the south wall. The south-western tower which still stands, houses a chapel on the ground floor. In 1580, the new owner Jacques de Raville made further changes, demolishing part of the property and adding two Renaissance wings. The stately fireplace on the first floor and large rectangular windows testify to the castle's palatial splendor at the time. The south wing was again altered in 1728, this time with baroque additions.

After the death of the Ravilles in the second half of the 18th century, the castle started to fall into ruin owing to lack of maintenance. In 1950, Pierre Flammang, the last private owner, carried out some essential structural repairs before the castle finally came into the hands of the State. [ [http://www.associationchateaux.lu/deutsch/koerich/geschichte/index.html R. Krantz and N. Quintus: Untersuchungen über zwei Burgen in Koerich] . Retrieved 16 November 2007.] Today major repairs are in progress.

The church

There appears to have been a church in Koerich as long ago as the 12th century when there were references to Saint Remigius, its patron saint. In 1610, the existing church was pulled down and in its place, a new structure was built in Renaissance style. Various additions in Renaissance and baroque were made over the next hundred years; a tower, various lateral chapels in the choir, an impressive high altar, furnishings in the nave and, in 1727 a baroque tower. A huge bell was added in 1778. Finally, the tower was crowned with its distinctive onion-shaped spire in 1791. Apart from a new organ in 1969, there have be no further major additions. The church was fully restored in the early 1990s. [ [http://www.mauerhenri.com/Kirche.html Henri Mauer: Die Dekanatskirche von Koerich] . Retrieved 17 November 2007.]

Koerich today

Although Koerich still has a distinctly rural atmosphere, it has over the past 30 years become increasingly popular as a residential area. Many new properties, both detached houses and apartment buildings, have been constructed in and around the village. New shops and cafés have also opened but the nearest supermarket is in Capellen, some 5 km away.

Fortunately for its residents, the village of Koerich has not attracted new businesses. By contrast, Windhof, 2 km to the south has become a major new centre of business activity.

Bibliography

* Evy Friedrich: Burgen und Schlösser, Editions Guy Binsfeld, Luxembourg, ISBN 3-88957-033-X

Footnotes