- Fifth dimension
In
physics andmathematics , a sequence of "N" numbers can be understood to represent a location in an "N"-dimensional space. When "N"=5, the space consisting of all such locations is called the fifth dimension.Abstract five-dimensional space occurs frequently in mathematics, and is a perfectly legitimate construct. Whether or not the real
universe in which we live is somehow five-dimensional is a topic that is debated and explored in several branches of physics, includingastrophysics andparticle physics .In physics, the fifth dimension is a hypothetical extra dimension beyond the usual three spatial and one
time dimensions; e.g. physicists have speculated that thegraviton , a particle thought to carry the force ofgravity , may "leak" into the fifth or higher dimensions which would explain how gravity is significantly weaker than the other threefundamental force s. TheKaluza-Klein theory used a fifth dimension to unify gravity with theelectromagnetic force , and now is seen as essentially agauge theory withgauge group thecircle group .M-theory suggests thatspace-time has eleven dimensions, seven of which are "rolled up" to below the subatomic level.In 1993 the physicist
Gerard 't Hooft put forward theholographic principle , which explains that the "information about an extra dimension is visible as a curvature in a spacetime with one fewer dimensions". For example, holograms are three-dimensional pictures placed on a two-dimensional surface, which gives the image a curvature when the observer moves. Similarly, in general relativity, the fourth dimension is manifested in observable three dimensions as the curvature of path of a moving infinitesimal (test) particle. Hooft has speculated that the fifth dimension is really the "spacetime fabric".It has occasionally been stated Who|date=September 2008 the fifth dimension is
probability , meaning that the fifth dimension is the full amount of possibilities that could happen or, in other words,alternate realities . Fact|date=September 2008Five-dimensional geometry
Polytopes
In five or more dimensions, only three
regular polytope s exist. For "N" dimensions, they are:# The
simplex , with "N"+1 vertices, all at equal distances from one another; it consists of "N"+1 simplices of dimension "N"-1. The three-dimensional simplex is thetetrahedron , and the five-dimensional simplex is a hexatetron; it has 6 vertices, 15 edges, 20 faces (each atriangle ), 15 cells (or solids - each atetrahedron ), and 6 hypercells (each apentachoron ).
# Thehypercube s, having 2"N" vertices whose coordinates may be written (±1,±1, ..., ±1) for some suitable set of axes. It consists of 2"N" hypercubes of the next lower dimension. The five-dimensional hypercube is a decateron orpenteract ; it has 32 vertices, 80 edges, 80 faces (each a square), 40 cells (each acube ), and 10 hypercells (each atesseract ).
# Thecross polytope , with 2"N" vertices, paired on opposite sides of the "N" coordinate axes; it consists of 2"N" simplices of dimension "N"-1. The five-dimensional cross polytope is a triacontakaiditeron orpentacross , with 10 vertices, 40 edges, 80 faces (each atriangle ), 80 cells (each atetrahedron ), and 32 hypercells (each apentachoron ).The dual of a simplex is a simplex. The hypercube and cross-polytope of the same dimension are dual to each other.
Here are three projected images of the edges of a regular decateron or
penteract :See also:
5-polytope , and List of regular 5-polytopesHypersphere
The hypervolume of a
Hypersphere in 5-space is::The "Fifth dimension" in popular culture
*In the fictitious universe of
DC Comics , the "Fifth dimension" is the place from whichMister Mxyzptlk comes.
*In 1966,The Byrds released an album titled "Fifth Dimension", in which the fifth dimension is a metaphor for unexplored and unknown aspects of the universe and oneself.
*The novel "The Boy Who Reversed Himself " features four and five-dimensional space, referred to as 4-space and 5-space.
*Thehard science fiction novel "Diaspora" byGreg Egan features a series of ten dimensional universes arrayed inverse to one another, wherein every odd universe has four "macro" dimensions, three space plus one time, and six "submicro" dimensions, manifesting as a 6-sphere per everyPlanck distance , but which are "themselves" another ten dimensional universe, featuring six macro dimensions, five space plus one time, and four submicro dimensions per every Planck distance. A substantial portion of the novel depicts daily life and physics in such a universe, which differs substantially due to the peculiar physics hypothesis Egan formulated for the novel.
*Rod Serling's "The Twilight Zone " television series intro included the line, "There is a Fifth Dimension, beyond that which is known to man."
*In the first episode of "Doctor Who ",Ian Chesterton was teaching his class about the three dimensions whenSusan Foreman , his student and the Doctor's granddaughter, corrected him to say there were in fact five dimensions. He agreed the fourth was time, and asked her about the fifth, to which she replied it was 'space'.
*There is a fictional book, "Hyperspace", in a series called 'Choose Your Own Adventure'
*The characters inMadeleine L'Engle 's novel, "A Wrinkle In Time" use the fifth dimension to travel through space.
*In the children's television program "Mona the Vampire ", there is an amusement park ride called the "Fifth Dimensia"
*Rob Bryanton 's book and animation "Imagining the Tenth Dimension" advances the idea that our fourth-dimensional "line of time" is being created one planck length at a time from the available probalistic branches within the fifth dimension.
*The Fifth Dimension was a popular soul/pop group in the late 60's starring Marilyn McCoo and Billy Davis and featured such hits as "Wedding Bell Blues", Stoned Soul Picnic", "Up, Up, and Away", "Aquarius", and many others...
*The fifth dimension of love of the Divine is termed by the Gaudiya Vaisnavas inHindu philosophy as turyatita, the dimension of the soul's Soul.
* The fifth dimension is mentioned in the book,Mostly Harmless , from the series entitledThe Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy , byDouglas Adams .
*"Fifth Dimension" is a radio drama adaption of the short story, "The Plattner Story" byH. G. Wells , produced by theRadio Tales series forNational Public Radio . This science fiction program was produced and script edited by series producerWinnie Waldron , who also served as the on-air host. The program was narrated by actressWinifred Phillips , who also composed the musical score. The program aired in the United States viaNPR Playhouse on September 5, 2000, and currently airs in reruns on Sonic Theater channel 163 ofXM Satellite Radio .ee also
*
5-manifold
*Hypersphere
*Dimension
*Fourth dimension External links
* [http://robertinventor.com/software/virtualflower/virtualflower/tesseract.htm Anaglyph of a five dimensional hypercube in hyper perspective]
* [http://www.5thdth.com/waleed/theory.htm Another theory of 5th Dimension done by M. Helmy Said]
* [http://www.rmcybernetics.com/science/physics/dimensions.htm Other Dimensions of the Universe]
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