Zagrebački električni tramvaj

Infobox Public transit
name = Zagrebački električni tramvaj


imagesize = 134px
locale = Zagreb, Croatia
transit_type = tram, bus, funicular, gondola lift
began_operation =
system_length = convert|116|km|abbr=on
lines = 19 tram lines, 120 bus lines, 1 funicular line and 1 gondola lift (currently out of order)
stations =
ridership =
track_gauge = RailGauge|1000 (narrow gauge)
operator = Zagrebački električni tramvaj

The Zagrebački električni tramvaj (ZET) ( _en. Zagreb Electric Tram) is the major transit authority responsible for public transport in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. Its divisions are the extensive bus system, 19 tram lines (15 daytime lines and 4 nighttime lines), an aerial tramway and a funicular line.

Historically, ZET workshops also produced trams (namely, types M-22, M-24 and three TMK 101 prototypes).

Tram

Trams operate on 116 km of 1000 millimeter gauge tracks. The daytime lines are 1 to 17 (except 10 and 16, which don't exist), and the night-time ones are 31 to 34. During the day every line runs on average every 5-10 minutes, but almost every station serves at least two routes. Nighttime lines have exact timetables averaging at about every 40 minutes. Daytime lines also have timetables, but they don't usually abide to them due to traffic fluctuations that can prolong a trip by more than 30 minutes, leading to frequent gaps at and after rush hour.

Lines

Daytime lines:

* 1 Zapadni kolodvor - "Ban Jelačić Square" - Borongaj
* 2 Črnomerec - "Jukićeva - Glavni kolodvor - Autobusni kolodvor" - Savišće
* 3 Ljubljanica - "Ulica grada Vukovara" - Savišće "(does not operate on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays)"
* 4 Savski most - "Glavni kolodvor - Draškovićeva" - Dubec
* 5 Prečko - "Ulica grada Vukovara - Autobusni kolodvor - Kvaternik Square" - Maksimir
* 6 Črnomerec - "Ban Jelačić Square - Glavni kolodvor - Autobusni kolodvor" - Sopot
* 7 Savski most - "Velesajam - Autobusni kolodvor" - Dubrava
* 8 Mihaljevac - "Draškovićeva - Autobusni kolodvor" - Zapruđe
* 9 Ljubljanica - "Glavni kolodvor" - Borongaj
* 11 Črnomerec - "Ban Jelačić Square" - Dubec
* 12 Ljubljanica - "Ban Jelačić Square" - Dubrava
* 13 Žitnjak - "Ulica grada Vukovara - Ban Jelačić Square - Glavni kolodvor - Trg žrtava fašizma" - Kvaternik Square
* 14 Mihaljevac - "Ban Jelačić Square - Savska ulica - Velesajam" - Zapruđe
* 15 Mihaljevac - Dolje
* 17 Prečko - "Ban Jelačić Square" - Borongaj

See also: [http://www.zet.hr/pdf/mrezadan.pdf Line map with information on schedules, and also with bus route list]

Lines number 10 and number 16 do not exist. Line 16 used to connect Črnomerec and Zapruđe, but it was cancelled. An unused switch on the Jukićeva - Savska junction remains. Line 10 used to connect Borongaj and Savski Most, but it was also cancelled in the mid-80's. A proposal was recently made to reintroduce designations 10 and 16 while constructing new tram lines.

Night-time lines:
* 31 Črnomerec - "Ban Jelačić Square - Glavni kolodvor - Autobusni kolodvor - Velesajam" - Savski most
* 32 Prečko - "Ban Jelačić Square - Trg hrvatskih velikana" - Borongaj
* 33 Dolje - "Draškovićeva - Glavni kolodvor - Savska cesta - Ulica grada Vukovara" - Savišće
* 34 Ljubljanica - "Ban Jelačić Square - Glavni kolodvor - Draškovićeva" - Dubec

Night-time lines are often substituted by buses due to track maintenance and repairs.

Rolling stock

Rolling stock is very diverse. It currently includes around 240 motor units of 8 different tram types (status September 2005).

The oldest rolling units are the two-axle Type 101 trams. Three prototype units were built by ZET workshops in early 1950s, and other 68 units until 1965 by Đuro Đaković factory, with 110 matching trailers. A few of them were replaced by GT6, but they were in regular use until the TMK 2200 series came. Since Summer 2007 only about 15 of type 101 are still operational, and serving only as a substitute for other vehicles. They are planned to be pulled out of service about Winter 2007/2008.

Similarly designed as 101, but technically significantly different is Type 201. ZET possessed total of 30 units with 32 trailers built in 1973 and 1974, also by ĐĐ. 18 vehicles of the type 201 are in use, since some of them were scrapped so that their bogies could be used used to make TMK 2100s.

Most of the stock today consists of ČKD-Tatra vehicles, total of 95 units of T4YU with 85 matching B4YU trailers were bought from 1977 to 1983, and 51 units of articulated KT4YU around 1985.

ZET also has the only unit of articulated ĐĐ prototype tram produced in 1990.

From 1994 to 1998 ZET bought 35 used Düwag GT6 trams (5 of them are GT6 "type Mannheim") from Mannheim, Germany, and started to retire old type 101 trams. They were brought as a temporary solution, since the lack of funds prevented the buying of new vehicles. Many of them were replaced by TMK 2200 and scrapped, and the rest is planned to be replaced by the second series of TMK 2200.

In 1994 Končar built the prototype of articulated TMK 2100 tram, which was later produced from 1997 to 2003. Total of 16 units were built (including the prototype).

In 2003 ZET ordered 70 new 100% low-floor trams from the Crotram, consortium led by Končar. Last tram of the first series was delivered in May 2007, and in July 2007 a contract for 70 more was signed [ [http://www.poslovni.hr/48780.aspx Poslovni dnevnik - Danas ugovor za još 70 tramvaja u Zagrebu ] ] .In May 2005 the prototype was delivered. It has air-conditioning, cameras outside (instead of rear view mirrors) and inside; its maximum speed is limited to 70 km/h. This type is designated as TMK 2200 ("Tramvajska Motorna Kola") by Crotram, although the designation NT 2200 ("Niskopodni Tramvaj") is used by ZET.

On the June 7, 2007, Zagreb organised a tram parade where all 70 TMK 2200 trams drove in a snake through the streets of Zagreb. This demonstration resulted in a highly criticized total traffic chaos.cite web
url = http://business.hr/Default2.aspx?ArticleID=350839e5-666f-4d47-af60-e157d466a254&ref=lastadd&readcomment=1#continue
title = Gusjenica od 70 tramvaja blokirala promet Zagrebom
accessdate = 2007-10-07
date = 2007-06-07
work = Business.hr
language = Croatian] It is one of the less popular moves of mayor Bandić.

In 2007 Zagreb city holding bought 19 VW Polo and 4 VW Crafter cars for mobile servicing of rolling stock.

On December 27 2007 71st tram , the first from the second series was displayed. It has redesigned seat layout and wider passages.cite web
url = http://www.zet.hr/vijesti/novosti/predstavljen-71-niskopodni-tramvaj.aspx
title = Predstavljen 71. niskopodni tramvaj
accessdate = 2008-01-08
date = 2007-12-27
work = ZET
language = Croatian] ZET also keeps two museum units of M-24 trams (built by ZET workshops), one with a "Košak" trailer (also built by ZET), and the other with "Pagoda" trailer, which was formerly 1910 motor car made by Ganz Budapest.

Bus

ZET currently runs 120 bus lines, 69 of them are urban and 51 are suburban. Service frequencies vary greatly - some bus lines have 7 minute intervals, and other 20, or even 60-minute intervals, and some run only in peak times. Timetables are given only for the first and the last stops, although putting timetables on every stop is in process. Buses generally serve as feeders for tram system.

Rolling stock

Current stock is around 300 units, and it consists of MAN and Mercedes-Benz buses. Buses are mostly low-floor, with high-floor buses in use mostly on suburban routes (generally old ones, there are only a few new high-floor buses).

In June, 2007 ZET started using biodiesel in 11 busses, and brought 2 CNG buses for trial. ZET is planning to use biodiesel and CNG 50%:50% in their buses in early future.

Routes

Urban routes

Urban bus system consists of 69 routes: 101-110, 112-138, 146, 201-203, 205, 206, 208-210, 212-228, 230-234, 236; although routes 112, 132, 208, 209 and a few others might be described as suburban. City buses and trams are entirely in the 1st tarif zone. The network is constantly expanding, and new routes to neighborhoods Donje Svetice, Kozari Bok, Podbrežje and a few others are expected soon.

Suburban routes

Out of 54 suburban routes, 22 of them run on wider City of Zagreb administrative area (Grad Zagreb): numbers 159-164, 166, 168, 261-263, 269-278, 280. Since tarif system change put in service on January 1 2006 all routes on the territory of City of Zagreb run in the 1st zone.

Suburban routes outside of City of Zagreb run in zones 1-4, most of them beginning at tram terminals in the first zone (Zagreb), connecting the city with surrounding villages and towns, but some of the routes also begin in towns Zaprešić and Velika Gorica. These 34 lines go to following areas in Zagreb county (Zagrebačka županija): Cities (towns) of Velika Gorica (268, 302-305, 307-311, 313, 315, 319-325, 330, 335) and Zaprešić (172, 180, 182); and municipalities of Luka (174), Bistra (175-177), Jakovlje (178, 179), Klinča Sela (165, 169) and Stupnik (111, 164).

The longest route is about 35 km long 311 Zagreb(Gl. kolodvor)-Cerovski Vrh, though most of suburban routes are about 20 km long.

See also: [http://www.zet.hr/Linije_i_vozni_redovi/autobus/tarifne_zone/zonelipakrob2.pdf Bus network and tariff zones (PDF file)]

City bus gallery

Funicular

The only funicular in Zagreb is operated by ZET, connecting the Tomićeva Street with Strossmayerovo Promenade to the north.

The funicular was built in 1890 and has been in operation since April 23, 1893. It has two cars for 28 passengers each. It runs on 1200 mm gauge rails, track length is only 66 m, but height difference is 30.5 m and inclination 52%. This makes it one of the shortest, but also one of the steepest funiculars in the world. It runs at a speed of 1.5 m/s, needing 55 seconds to complete the trip.

Gondola lift

The gondola lift towards Sljeme on Medvednica operates over a distance of 4017 m and over a height difference of 669 meters. The cars travel at a speed of convert|3|m/s and it takes it 23 minutes to cross the distance. A cabin can hold four adult persons and a new one starts the ride every 32 seconds.

The current gondola lift was in operation from 1963 to May 2007. It is out of order due to an electric motor failure and it was annonced that it won't be repaired.

Though, there are plans to thoroughly rebuild the entire gondola lift system. Modernisation would include bigger cars, speed improvement, higher wind resistance and about 1030 m longer route - 130 m towards north until the peak of the mountain, and 900 m towards south down to the Dolje tram terminal. Construction might begin soon.

References

External links

* [http://www.zet.hr/ ZET official web site]
* [http://media.t-com.hr/gospodarstvo/niskopodni_tramvaj.wmv The video of the new low-floor tram]
* [http://hampage.hu/trams/zagrab/e_index.html The photo-report on Zagreb trams]
* [http://www.zet.hr/zetvijest/kvat.trg.jpgUpdated day route map]
* [http://www.zeljeznice.net Zeljeznice.net]
* [http://public-transport.net/bim/Zagreb.htm Tram in Zagreb]