Portal:Statistics

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edit   Welcome to the Statistics Portal Shortcut: P:Stat Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentation of data. It is applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the natural and social sciences to the humanities, government and business. Statistical methods are used to summarize and describe a collection of data; this is called descriptive statistics. In addition, patterns in the data may be modeled in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then used to draw inferences about the process or population being studied; this is called inferential statistics. Statistics arose no later than the 18th century from the need of states to collect data on their people and economies, in order to administer them. The meaning broadened in the early 19th century to include the collection and analysis of data in general. Read more... Show new selections edit   Selected article Normal distribution probability density functions The normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is a continuous probability distribution that describes data that clusters around a mean or average. The graph of the associated probability density function is bell-shaped, with a peak at the mean, and is known as the Gaussian function or bell curve. The normal distribution can be used to describe, at least approximately, any variable that tends to cluster around the mean. For example, the heights of adult males in the United States are roughly normally distributed, with a mean of about 70 inches. Read more... edit   Selected biography Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale, (1820 – 1910) was a pioneering nurse, writer and noted statistician. She became a pioneer in the visual presentation of information using statistical graphics such as pie charts and polar area diagrams. In her later life she made a comprehensive statistical study of sanitation in Indian rural life. In 1859 Nightingale was elected the first female member of the Royal Statistical Society and she later became an honorary member of the American Statistical Association. Read more... edit   Featured and good articles These are featured or good articles on statistics topics. Actuary Infinite monkey theorem Monty Hall problem Ars Conjectandi Maximum spacing estimation edit   WikiProjects The Statistics WikiProject is the center for improving statistics articles on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the project and see a list of open tasks. Related projects: Mathematics • Computer science • Cryptography • Game theory • Numbers • Probability edit   Selected picture Credit: Imagecreator A correlation indicates the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two random variables. This figure shows several sets of data, with the correlation coefficient of x and y for each set. The correlation reflects the noisiness and direction of a linear relationship (top row), but not the slope of that relationship (middle), nor many aspects of nonlinear relationships (bottom). The figure in the center has a slope of 0 but in that case the correlation coefficient is undefined because the variance of Y is zero. Read more... edit   Did you know? ...that as a graduate student at UC Berkeley in 1939, George Dantzig solved two then-unanswered questions related to the Neyman-Pearson lemma, because he mistakenly thought they were a homework assignment? ...that one result of the birthday problem is that among a group of 23 (or more) randomly chosen people, there is more than 50% probability that some pair of them will both have been born on the same day of the year? ...that the term bias is not necessarily pejorative in statistics, since biased estimators may have desirable properties (such as a smaller mean squared error than any unbiased estimator), and that in extreme cases the only unbiased estimators are not even within the convex hull of the parameter space? ...that William Sealy Gosset published under the pseudonym Student in order to avoid detection by his employer, and so his most famous achievement is now referred to as Student's t-distribution, which might otherwise have been Gosset's t-distribution? ...that in 1747, by dividing 12 men suffering from scurvy into six pairs and giving each group different additions to their basic diet for a period of two weeks, the surgeon James Lind conducted one of the first controlled experiments?                               edit   Topics in Statistics General topics Probability Descriptive statistics Inferential statistics Specialized topics Levels of measurement Sampling Statistical survey Design of experiments Data analysis Statistical graphics History of statistics Probability theory Random variable Probability distribution Independence Expected value Variance, covariance Central limit theorem Averages Statistical dispersion Summary statistics Skewness Correlation Frequency distribution Contingency table Hypothesis testing Estimator Maximum likelihood Bayesian inference Non-parametric statistics Analysis of variance Regression models Computational statistics Decision theory Multilevel models Multivariate statistics Statistical process control Survival analysis Time series analysis Outline of statistics  • More statistics topics edit   Statistics categories Click "+" below to expand: [+] Statistics More statistics categories edit   Wikimedia Statistics on  Wikiquote  Statistics on  Wikibooks  Statistics on  Wiktionary  Statistics on  Wikiversity  Statistics on Wikimedia Commons Quotations Manuals & Texts Definitions Learning resources Images & Media  Science:  History_of_science  _ _Philosophy_of_science  _ Systems_science  _ History of science    _Philosophy_of_science  _ Systems_science  _  Philosophy of science    Systems_science  _ Systems science    Mathematics    Biology  _ Biology    Chemistry    Physics    Earth sciences    Technology   Purge server cache

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