Budget of NASA

Budget of NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA logo.svg
NASA insignia
Agency overview
Formed July 29, 1958 (1958-07-29) (53 years ago)
Annual budget $18.724 billion (Fiscal Year 2011)[1]

Each year, the United States Congress passes a Federal Budget detailing where federal tax money will be spent in the coming fiscal year.

The following charts detail the amount of federal funding allotted to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) each year over its past fifty year history (1958–2008) to operate aeronautics research, unmanned planetary and manned space exploration programs.

Contents

Annual budget, 1958-2010

NASA Administrator Charles Bolden during an overview briefing on NASA's fiscal year 2012 budget.

Seen in the year-by-year breakdown listed below, the total amounts (in nominal dollars) that NASA has been budgeted from 1958 to 2008 amounts to $471.23 billion dollars—an average of $9.06 billion per year. By way of comparison, total spending over this period by the National Science Foundation was roughly one-fourth of NASA's expenditures: $101.5 billion, or $2 billion a year.[2] NASA's FY 2008 budget of $17.318 billion represents about 0.6% of the $2.9 trillion United States federal budget during the year, or about 35% of total spending on academic scientific research in the United States.[3]

According to the Office of Management and Budget and the Air Force Almanac, when measured in real terms (adjusted for inflation), the figure is $790.0 billion, or an average of $15.818 billion dollars per year over its fifty year history (NASA's 2011 budget is on a continuing resolution of the 2010 budget at $18.724 billion).[citation needed]


History of NASA's annual budget (millions of US dollars)

Year NASA budget
(Nominal) % of Fed Budget[4][5] 2007 Constant
Dollars
1958 89 0.1% 488
1959 145 0.2% 1,841
1960 401 0.5% 3,205
1961 744 0.9% 6,360
1962 1,257 1.18% 12,221
1963 2,552 2.29% 24,342
1964 4,171 3.52% 33,241
1965 5,092 4.31% 33,514
1966 5,933 4.41% 32,106
1967 5,425 3.45% 29,696
1968 4,722 2.65% 26,139
1969 4,251 2.31% 21,376
1970 3,752 1.92% 18,768
1971 3,382 1.61% 15,717
1972 3,423 1.48% 15,082
1973 3,312 1.35% 14,303
1974 3,255 1.21% 11,494
1975 3,269 0.98% 11,131
1976 3,671 0.99% 11,640
1977 4.002 0.98% 11,658
1978 4,164 0.91% 11,411
1979 4,380 0.87% 11,404
1980 4,959 0.84% 11,668
1981 5,537 0.82% 11,248
1982 6,155 0.83% 11,766
1983 6,853 0.85% 13,051
1984 7,055 0.83% 13,561
1985 7,251 0.77% 13,218
1986 7,403 0.75% 13,421
Year NASA budget
(Nominal) % of Fed Budget[4][5] 2007 Constant
Dollars
1987 7,591 0.76% 17,735
1988 9,092 0.85% 14,454
1989 11,036 0.96% 16,734
1990 12,429 0.99% 18,019
1991 13,878 1.05% 19,686
1992 13,961 1.01% 15,310
1993 14,305 1.01% 18,582
1994 13,695 0.94% 18,053
1995 13,378 0.88% 16,915
1996 13,881 0.89% 16,457
1997 14,360 0.90% 15,943
1998 14,194 0.86% 15,521
1999 13,636 0.80% 15,357
2000 13,428 0.75% 14,926
2001 14,095 0.76% 15,427
2002 14,405 0.72% 15,831
2003 14,610 0.68% 16,021
2004 15,152 0.66% 15,559
2005 15,602 0.63% 16,016
2006 15,125 0.57% 16,085
2007 15,861 0.58% 15,861
2008 17,318 0.60% 17,138
2009 [6] 17,782
2010 [6] 18,724
2011 [6] 19,000
2012 (est.) [6] 19,450
2013 (est.) [6] 19,960
2014 (est.) [6] 20,600
2015 (est.) [6] 20,990
Notes:

Sources: U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) (needs proper citation-link, numbers here differ from NASA Pocket Statistics),
Air Force Association's Air Force Magazine 2007 Space Almanac
Secondary references: [1] [2] [3]

Cost of project Apollo

NASA's budget peaked in 1966, during the Apollo program

NASA's budget peaked in the period 1964-1966, during the height of construction efforts leading up to the first moon landing under Project Apollo which involved more than 34,000 NASA employees and 375,000 employees of industrial and university contractors. Roughly 4% of the total federal budget was being devoted to the space program.

In March 1966, NASA officials briefing Congressional members stated the "run-out cost" of the Apollo program, aimed at achieving a manned lunar landing, would be an estimated $22.718 billion for the 13-year program, which had begun in 1959. According to Steve Garber,[citation needed] the NASA History website curator, the final cost of project Apollo was between $20 and $25.4 billion in 1969 Dollars (or approximately $136 billion in 2007 Dollars). The costs associated with the Apollo spacecraft and Saturn rockets amounted to about $83-billion in 2005 Dollars (Apollo spacecraft cost $28-billion (Command/Service Module $17-billion; Lunar Module $11-billion), Saturn I, Saturn IB, Saturn V costs about $ 46-billion 2005 dollars).

Economic impact of NASA funding

A November 1971 study of NASA released by the Midwest Research Institute of Kansas City, Missouri ("Technological Progress and Commercialization of Communications Satellites." In: "Economic Impact of Stimulated Technological Activity") concluded that “the $25 billion in 1958 dollars spent on civilian space R & D during the 1958-1969 period has returned $52 billion through 1971 -- and will continue to produce pay offs through 1987, at which time the total pay off will have been $181 billion. The discounted rate of return for this investment will have been 33 percent.

A map from NASA's web site illustrating its economic impact on the U.S. states (as of FY2003)

A 1992 article in the British science journal Nature reported:[7]

"The economic benefits of NASA's programs are greater than generally realized. The main beneficiaries (the American public) may not even realize the source of their good fortune. . ."

Other statistics on NASA's economic impact may be found in the 1976 Chase Econometrics Associates, Inc. reports ("The Economic Impact of NASA R&D Spending: Preliminary Executive Summary.", April 1975. Also: "Relative Impact of NASA Expenditure on the Economy.", March 18, 1975) and backed by the 1989 Chapman Research report, which examined 259 non-space applications of NASA technology during an eight year period (1976–1984) and found more than:

— $21.6 billion in sales and benefits;

— 352,000 (mostly skilled) jobs created or saved,and;

— $355 million in federal corporate income taxes

According to the "Nature" article, these 259 applications represent ". . .only 1% of an estimated 25,000 to 30,000 Space program spin-offs."

In 2002, the aerospace industry accounted for $95 billion of economic activity in the United States, including $23.5 billion in employee earnings dispersed among some 576,000 employees (source: Federal Aviation Administration, March 2004).

Public perception

The American public perceives the NASA budget as commanding a much larger share of the federal budget than it in fact does. A 1997 poll reported that Americans had an average estimate of 20% for NASA's share of the federal budget, far higher than the actual 0.5% to under 1% that has been maintained throughout the late 90's and first decade of the 2000s.[8]

Related legislation

  • 1961— Apollo mission funding PL 87-98 A
  • 1970— National Aeronautics and Space Administration Research and Development Act, PL 91-119
  • 1984— National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, PL 98-361
  • 1988— National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, PL 100-685
  • 2005— National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005, PL 109-155[9]
  • 2010— National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010

See also

References

  1. ^ Bill Summary of NASA Authorization Act of 2010
  2. ^ "Budget Internet Information System". National Science Foundation. http://dellweb.bfa.nsf.gov/. Retrieved 2009-01-12. 
  3. ^ "Federal Spending on Academic Research Continued Downward Trend in 2007". August 25, 2008. http://chronicle.com/news/article/5055/federal-spending-on-academic-research-continued-downward-trend-in-2007. Retrieved 2009-01-13. 
  4. ^ a b % of total federal expenditures from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2010/feb/01/nasa-budgets-us-spending-space-travel
  5. ^ a b 1999-2010 based on federal outlays from: Federal_budget_(United_States)#Total_outlays_in_recent_budget_submissions
  6. ^ a b c d e f g 2011 Budget Overview
  7. ^ Roger H. Bezdek & Robert M. Wendling (January 9, 1992). "Sharing out NASA's spoils". Nature (Nature Publishing Group) 355 (6356): 105–106. Bibcode 1992Natur.355..105B. doi:10.1038/355105a0. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v355/n6356/pdf/355105a0.pdf. Retrieved 2008-03-30. "The economic benefits of NASA's programmes are greater than generally recognized. The main beneficiaries may not even realize the source of their good fortune." 
  8. ^ Launius, Roger D.. "Public opinion polls and perceptions of US human spaceflight". Division of Space History, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution. http://si.academia.edu/documents/0011/5660/Public_Opinion_Polls_and_Perceptions_of_US_Human_Spaceflight.pdf. 
  9. ^ National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005, PL 109-155, US Government, December 30, 2005.

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