Parallel 36°30′ north

Parallel 36°30′ north
Parallel 36°30′ north is located in Earth
36.5°
36.5th parallel north
Map of the United States ca. 1849, with the parallel 36°30′ north (plus Virginia) more or less dividing the South from the North – slave states in red, free states in blue

The parallel 36°30′ north is a circle of latitude that is 36.5 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It is particularly significant in the history of the United States as the line of the Missouri Compromise, which was used to roughly divide the slave and free states. It crosses the Mediterranean Sea, Africa, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, the Atlantic Ocean and Europe.

Contents

United States

In the United States, the parallel forms the boundary between the State of Tennessee and the Commonwealth of Kentucky between the Tennessee River and the Mississippi River, the boundary between the State of Missouri and the State of Arkansas west of the White River, and the northernmost boundary between the State of Texas and the State of Oklahoma. Many other state boundaries lie on or between the parallel 36° north and the parallel 37° north.

The parallel 36°30′ north is part of a nearly straight east-west line of state borders (with small variations) starting on the Atlantic Ocean with the VirginiaNorth Carolina border (although this border lies a few miles north of 36°30′ in some places, and most of the Kentucky–Tennessee border lies a few miles north of the parallel).

In southeast Missouri, the Bootheel along the Mississippi River drops about 50 miles (80 kilometers) south to the 36th parallel north for about 30 miles (50 km) because communities along the river felt they had more in common with other Mississippi River towns in Missouri than with the Arkansas Territory to which it would have been assigned. The parallel 36°30′ north forms the rest of the border between Missouri and Arkansas.

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 established the latitude 36°30′ north as the northernmost limit for slavery in the western territories. As part of that compromise, the admission of Maine as a free state was secured to balance Missouri's admission as a slave state, even though nearly the entirety of Missouri lies north of the designated division. In the Compromise of 1850, the parallel 36°30′ north was established as the northernmost boundary of the slave state of Texas. The creation of the New Mexico Territory and the Utah Territory in 1850, the Kansas Territory in 1854, and the Colorado Territory[1] in 1861 moved the boundaries of the western territories north to the 37th parallel north. The gap between the northern boundary of Texas on the parallel 36°30′ north and the southern boundaries of Kansas and Colorado on the parallel 37° north created the No Man's Land of the Oklahoma Panhandle. While a small part of Nevada is south of 36°30′, at that time it was in the New Mexico Territory, and as part of the larger Pah-Ute County was not split from the Arizona Territory until 1871. The Compromise made no attempt to divide California along the line or to allow slavery south of it.

During the American Civil War, all of the states south of the parallel 36°30′ north except California, joined the Confederate States of America. All states north of the parallel, except Virginia, stayed in the Union, although Kentucky and Missouri had Confederate governments in exile, and Maryland (whose Legislature voted not to secede) was somewhat pressured by Abraham Lincoln to stay in the Union to prevent a total surrounding of Washington, D.C. by Confederate states.[citation needed]

Geography

Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 36°30′ north passes through:

Co-ordinates Country, territory or sea Notes
36°30′N 0°0′E / 36.5°N 0°E / 36.5; 0 (Prime Meridian) Mediterranean Sea
36°30′N 1°8′E / 36.5°N 1.133°E / 36.5; 1.133 (Algeria)  Algeria
36°30′N 8°9′E / 36.5°N 8.15°E / 36.5; 8.15 (Tunisia)  Tunisia
36°30′N 10°50′E / 36.5°N 10.833°E / 36.5; 10.833 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Passing just south of the island of Sicily,  Italy
36°30′N 22°21′E / 36.5°N 22.35°E / 36.5; 22.35 (Greece)  Greece Mani Peninsula, island of Elafonisos and Cape Malea
36°30′N 23°8′E / 36.5°N 23.133°E / 36.5; 23.133 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea Passing just south of the island of Folegandros,  Greece
Passing just north of the island of Santorini,  Greece
Passing just south of the island of Astypalaia,  Greece
36°30′N 26°58′E / 36.5°N 26.967°E / 36.5; 26.967 (Greece)  Greece Island of Kandelioussa
36°30′N 26°59′E / 36.5°N 26.983°E / 36.5; 26.983 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea Passing just south of the island of Nisyros,  Greece
Passing just north of the island of Tilos,  Greece
Passing just south of the island of Symi,  Greece
Passing just north of the island of Rhodes,  Greece
36°30′N 29°8′E / 36.5°N 29.133°E / 36.5; 29.133 (Turkey)  Turkey
36°30′N 30°32′E / 36.5°N 30.533°E / 36.5; 30.533 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Gulf of Antalya
36°30′N 32°5′E / 36.5°N 32.083°E / 36.5; 32.083 (Turkey)  Turkey
36°30′N 34°11′E / 36.5°N 34.183°E / 36.5; 34.183 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Gulf of İskenderun
36°30′N 36°0′E / 36.5°N 36°E / 36.5; 36 (Turkey)  Turkey
36°30′N 36°33′E / 36.5°N 36.55°E / 36.5; 36.55 (Syria)  Syria
36°30′N 41°23′E / 36.5°N 41.383°E / 36.5; 41.383 (Iraq)  Iraq
36°30′N 45°3′E / 36.5°N 45.05°E / 36.5; 45.05 (Iran)  Iran
36°30′N 61°9′E / 36.5°N 61.15°E / 36.5; 61.15 (Turkmenistan)  Turkmenistan
36°30′N 64°37′E / 36.5°N 64.617°E / 36.5; 64.617 (Afghanistan)  Afghanistan
36°30′N 71°49′E / 36.5°N 71.817°E / 36.5; 71.817 (Pakistan)  Pakistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Gilgit-Baltistan – claimed by  India
36°30′N 75°58′E / 36.5°N 75.967°E / 36.5; 75.967 (China)  People's Republic of China Xinjiang
Qinghai – passing just south of Xining
Gansu
Ningxia
Gansu
Shaanxi
Shanxi
Hebei
Shandong
36°30′N 120°57′E / 36.5°N 120.95°E / 36.5; 120.95 (Yellow Sea) Yellow Sea
36°30′N 126°20′E / 36.5°N 126.333°E / 36.5; 126.333 (South Korea)  South Korea
36°30′N 129°27′E / 36.5°N 129.45°E / 36.5; 129.45 (Sea of Japan) Sea of Japan Passing just north of the island of Dōgo,  Japan
36°30′N 136°30′E / 36.5°N 136.5°E / 36.5; 136.5 (Japan)  Japan Island of Honshū:
Ishikawa Prefecture
Toyama Prefecture
Nagano Prefecture
Gunma Prefecture
Tochigi Prefecture
Ibaraki Prefecture
36°30′N 140°38′E / 36.5°N 140.633°E / 36.5; 140.633 (Pacific Ocean) Pacific Ocean
36°30′N 121°56′W / 36.5°N 121.933°W / 36.5; -121.933 (United States)  United States California
Nevada
Arizona
New Mexico
Oklahoma / Texas border
Oklahoma
Missouri / Arkansas border
Missouri
Kentucky (Kentucky Bend) / Tennessee border (for about 5 km)
Missouri (for about 5 km)
Kentucky / Tennessee border
Tennessee
North Carolina
36°30′N 75°52′W / 36.5°N 75.867°W / 36.5; -75.867 (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean
36°30′N 6°16′W / 36.5°N 6.267°W / 36.5; -6.267 (Spain)  Spain
36°30′N 4°41′W / 36.5°N 4.683°W / 36.5; -4.683 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea

See also

References



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