Bataan Nuclear Power Plant

Bataan Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant, completed but never fueled, on Bataan Peninsula, 100 kilometers (60 miles) north of Manila in the Philippines. It is located on a 3.57 square kilometer government reservation at Napot Point in Morong, Bataan. It was the Philippines' only attempt at building a nuclear power plant.

History

The Philippine nuclear program started in 1958 with the creation of the Philippine Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) under Republic Act 2067. [http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/499-500/4935.html WISE - Nuclear issues information service ] ]

Under a regime of martial law, Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos in July 1973 announced the decision to build a nuclear power plant. This was in response to the 1973 oil crisis, as the Middle East oil embargo had put a heavy strain on the Philippine economy, and Marcos believed nuclear power to be the solution to meeting the country's energy demands and decreasing dependence on imported oil. [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/topofthehour.aspx?StoryId=80742 ABS-CBN Interactive ] ]

Construction on the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant began in 1976 and was completed in 1984 at a cost of $2.3 billion. A Westinghouse light water reactor, it was designed to produce 621 megawatts of electricity.

Following the 1979 Three Mile Island accident in the United States, construction on the BNPP was stopped, and a subsequent safety inquiry into the plant revealed over 4,000 defects. It was built near major earthquake fault lines and close to the then dormant Pinatubo volcano.

Marcos was overthrown by the People Power Revolution in 1986. Days after the April 1986 Chernobyl disaster, the succeeding administration of President Corazon Aquino decided not to operate the plant. [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Tj9m7HMa6-wC&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=%22nuclear+free%22+protest&source=web&ots=MVkiWcRw01&sig=isanJM_6QZOrara4lfeDLutZyfc&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=6&ct=result#PPA161,M1 Asia's Environmental Movements] pp. 160-161.] Among other considerations taken were the strong opposition from Bataan residents and Philippine citizens.

The government sued Westinghouse for overpricing and bribery but was ultimately rejected by a United States court. [http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13918831.400.html Fossil fuel plans for nuclear station - 24 July 1993 - New Scientist ] ]

Debt repayment on the plant became the country's biggest single obligation, and while successive governments have looked at several proposals to convert the plant into an oil, coal, or gas-fired power station, but all have been deemed less economically attractive in the long term than the construction of new power stations.

Despite never having been commissioned, the plant has remained intact, including the nuclear reactor, and has continued to be maintained. The Philippine government completed paying off its obligations on the plant in April 2007, more than 30 years after construction began.

Reactivation

On January 29, 2008, Energy Secretary Angelo Reyes announced that International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 8-man team led by Akira Omoto inspected the mothballed Bataan Nuclear power station on rehabilitation prospects. In preparing their report, the IAEA made two primary recommendations. First, the power plant's status must be thoroughly evaluated by technical inspections and economic evaluations conducted by a committed group of nuclear power experts with experience in preservation management. Second, the IAEA mission advised the Philippines Government on the general requirements for starting its nuclear power programme, stressing that the proper infrastructure, safety standards, and knowledge be implemented. [ [http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/News/2008/bataannpp.html IAEA Advises Philippines on Next Steps for "Mothballed" NPP] paragraph 1-2] The IAEA's role did not extend to assessing whether the power plant is usable or not, or how much the plant may cost to rehabilitate. [ [http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/News/2008/bataannpp.html IAEA Advises Philippines on Next Steps for "Mothballed" NPP] paragraph 4]

ee also

* Nuclear energy policy
* Nuclear power in the United States
* Anti-nuclear movement in the Philippines

References

External links

* [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/topofthehour.aspx?StoryId=80742 RP pays off nuclear power plant after 30 years]
* [http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/499-500/4935.html The continuing struggle for a nuclear-free Philippines] , an article by the World Information Service on Energy.
* [http://services.inquirer.net/print/print.php?article_id=20080610-141787 Government warned on reopening nuclear plant]
* [http://www.doe.gov.ph for more information on the 2008 Philippine Energy Summit]