- Diluted earnings per share
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Accountancy Key concepts Accountant · Accounting period · Bookkeeping · Cash and accrual basis · Cash flow management · Chart of accounts · Journal · Special journals · Constant Item Purchasing Power Accounting · Cost of goods sold · Credit terms · Debits and credits · Double-entry system · Mark-to-market accounting · FIFO & LIFO · GAAP / IFRS · General ledger · Goodwill · Historical cost · Matching principle · Revenue recognition · Trial balance Fields of accounting Cost · Financial · Forensic · Fund · Management · Tax Financial statements Statement of financial position · Statement of cash flows · Statement of changes in equity · Statement of comprehensive income · Notes · MD&A · XBRL Auditing Auditor's report · Financial audit · GAAS / ISA · Internal audit · Sarbanes–Oxley Act Accounting qualifications CA · CPA · CCA · CGA · CMA · CAT · CFA · CIIA · ACCA · CIA · CTP · ICAEW · CIMA · IPA · ICAN Diluted Earnings Per Share (diluted EPS) is a company's earnings per share (EPS) calculated using fully diluted shares outstanding (i.e. including the impact of stock option grants and convertible bonds). Diluted EPS indicates a "worst case" scenario, one in which everyone who could have received stock without purchasing it directly for the full market value did so.[1]
To find diluted EPS, basic EPS is calculated for each of the categories on the income statement first. Then each of the dilutive securities are ranked based on their effects, from most dilutive to least dilutive and antidilutive. Then the basic EPS number is diluted one by one by applying each one, skipping any instruments that have an antidilutive effect.[2]
Contents
Calculations
Calculations of diluted EPS vary. Morningstar reports diluted EPS "Earnings/Share $", which is net income minus preferred stock dividends divided by the weighted average of common stock shares outstanding over the past year; this is adjusted for dilutive shares.[3][4] Some data sources may simplify this calculation by using the number of shares outstanding at the end of a reporting period.[5]
International financial reporting standards
Under International Financial Reporting Standards, diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the earnings and number of shares for the effects of dilutive options and other dilutive potential common stock. [6] Dilutive potential common stock includes:[6]
- convertible debt
- convertible preferred shares
- share warrants
- share options
- share rights
- Employee StockPurchase Plans
- contractual rights to purchase shares
- contingent issuance contracts or agreement
See also
- Accretion/dilution analysis
- PEG ratio
References
- ^ "Diluted Earnings Per Share (Diluted EPS)". Investopedia ULC. http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/dilutedeps.asp. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ "U.S. GAAP Earnings per Share (EPS)". 2007. http://accountinginfo.com/study/fs/eps-01.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ "Earnings/Share $ - Morningstar.com Glossary E-F". Morningstar. http://search.morningstar.com/Glossary/Glossary_E_F.html. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ "Diluted EPS - Morningstar.com Glossary D-D". Morningstar. http://search.morningstar.com/Glossary/Glossary_C_D.html. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ "Earnings Per Share (EPS)". Investopedia ULC. http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/eps.asp. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ a b "Summaries of International Financial Reporting Standards: IAS33 Earnings per share". Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu. 2008. http://www.iasplus.com/standard/ias33.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
Categories:- Financial ratios
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