2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

Season summary map
First storm formed: May 17, 2010
Last storm dissipated: December 8, 2010
Strongest storm: Giri – 950 hPa (mbar), 195 km/h (120 mph) (3-minute sustained)
Depressions: 8
Deep depressions: 6
Cyclonic storms: 5
Severe cyclonic storms: 4
Very severe cyclonic storms: 2
Super cyclonic storms: 0
Total fatalities: 402 total
Total damage: At least $2.985 billion (2010 USD)
North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012

The 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a very active event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation with some 8 depressions and 6 named storms, nearly above the average of 4-6 storms in the region due to a moderate La Niña.[1] The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere, east of the Horn of Africa and west of the Malay Peninsula. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea to the west of the Indian subcontinent, abbreviated ARB and the Bay of Bengal to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD. The Season officially started on May 17, 2010 with Cyclone Laila and ended on December 8, 2010. During the season, the cyclones Laila, Phet, Giri and Jal along with Bandu caused excessive life loss across the Indian Subcontinent and the Middle east.

This is the only season to have 5 named storms since the 1998 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. Multiple storms together killed some 402 people wreaking damage worth atleast US$ 2.985 billion. Albeit very active, no tropical storms formed between mid June and early October because of a very strong Southwest monsoon, a weather anomaly that caused the 2010 Pakistan floods.

Contents

Seasonal summary

Storms

Severe Cyclonic Storm Laila

Severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHS)
Duration May 17 – May 21
Intensity 100 km/h (65 mph) (3-min), 986 mbar (hPa)
Main article: Cyclone Laila

On May 17, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 01".[2] At that time, the depression was located approximately 930 km (580 mi) east-southeast of Chennai, India.[3] Later that day, the IMD upgraded Depression BOB 01 to a deep depression.[4] That evening, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 01B.[5] The next morning, the deep depression strengthened further and was upgraded to a cyclonic storm and named "Laila" by the IMD.[6] The storm continued to grow and became a severe cyclonic storm by May 19, it was given a Category 1 tropical cyclone status by the JTWC. Later the same day, it started weakening. On May 21, Laila dissipated completely.

The storm made landfall near Bapatla, Guntur District as a tropical storm between 1100 UTC—1200 UTC on May 20.[7]

Cyclonic Storm Bandu

Cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration May 19 – May 23
Intensity 75 km/h (45 mph) (3-min), 994 mbar (hPa)

On May 19, the JTWC reported that Tropical Storm 02A had formed.[8] Later that day, the IMD upgraded the system into a depression and designated it "ARB 01". The IMD further upgraded the depression into a deep depression that same evening. Late, May 20, the IMD downgraded ARB 01 to a depression over the coast of Somalia. However the next day it strengthened again to become Cyclonic Storm Bandu. The storm then weakened and dissipated on May 23.[9]

The island "Abed Alkorey" in Yemen was hit by the storm causing a death of one girl and destruction of many houses in the island.[10] On May 20 the storm disabled a cargo vessel, MV Dubai Moon, and left it drifting off the Somali coast. 23 crew members were rescued by helicopters from the Royal Navy frigate HMS Chatham.[11] The cargo ship later sank.

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Phet

Main article: Cyclone Phet
Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHS)
Duration May 30 – June 7
Intensity 155 km/h (100 mph) (3-min), 970 mbar (hPa)

Early on May 30, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported that an area of low pressure had formed about 925 km (575 mi), to the southwest of Mumbai, India. The area of low pressure had loose organized convection developing around the low level circulation center within the monsoon trough. The system was located to the south of a high pressure center anchored over Oman in an area of moderate vertical windshear. On May 31, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "ARB 02".[12] The IMD further upgraded the depression into a deep depression the next day.[13] JTWC reported the same day that a Tropical Storm had formed.[14] On June 1, IMD upgraded the system into a cyclonic storm and named it "Phet".[15] The storm intensified to a Severe Cyclonic Storm in early hours of June 2.[16] The same day IMD upgraded the storm to a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm.[17] By the 5th, the cyclone had been downgraded to a cyclonic storm by the IMD as it passed over the Gulf of Oman.[18] On the 7th, Phet dissipated completely.[19]

Depression BOB 02

Depression (IMD)
Duration October 7 – October 9
Intensity 45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min), 996 mbar (hPa)

On October 7, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 02". At that time, the depression was located approximately 180 km (110 mi) southeast of Visakhapatnam.[20] Later that day, the IMD reported that the system was 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of Visakhapatnam.[21] On the same day, the IMD reported that the system moved away from Visakhapatnam and maintained strength. The system was forecast to make landfall between Gopalpur and Paradip overnight, but instead, the depression made landfall over Paradip late on October 7.[22] On October 8, the IMD reported that the system weakened slightly.[23] Later on that day, the IMD reported that the depression further weakened.[24] The storm made its second landfall at Kolkata, West Bengal, India.[23] Signal 3 cyclone alert was issued at the Maritime ports of Chittagong, Cox's Bazar and Mongla.[25] The Depression continued to weaken, as it moved northwest, until it was caught up in the jet stream and completely absorbed by a non-tropical storm, early on October 9.[26]

11 people were killed in the submerged coastal areas of Bangladesh on the day when storm crossed the land. Tens of thousands of people are stranded as waters triggered by a tidal surge inundated thousands of homes in the low-lying coastal zone.[27][28] The heavy rain took the toll further to 17.[29][30]

Deep Depression BOB 03

Deep depression (IMD)
Duration October 13 – October 16
Intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min), 995 mbar (hPa)

On October 13, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 03". At that time, the depression was located approximately 700 kilometres (430 mi) east of Visakhapatnam.[31] Late on that day, the IMD reported that the system further intensified.[32] The IMD upgraded the depression into a deep depression on October 15.[33] The system was forecast to make landfall between Gopalpur and Paradip near Puri late on that day.[34] Instead, it made landfall very close to Gopalpur.[35] Early on October 16, BOB 03 started weakening.[36] Later on that day, the depression degenerated into a remnant low.[37] The remnants continued to weaken until it dissipated completely that day.

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Giri

Main article: Cyclone Giri
Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHS)
Duration October 20 – October 23
Intensity 195 km/h (120 mph) (3-min), 950 mbar (hPa)

On October 19, an area of low pressure formed in the Bay of Bengal.[38] During the next day, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded the area of low pressure to a depression giving it the designation "BOB 04". At that time it was located approximately 250 kilometres (160 mi) southwest of Sittwe, Myanmar.[39] Early on October 21, the IMD upgraded Depression BOB 04 to a deep depression.[40] That day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 04B.[41] Later, the deep depression strengthened further and was upgraded to a cyclonic storm and named "Giri" by the IMD.[42] Early on October 22, the IMD upgraded the storm to a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm.[43] The cyclone had intensified to a Category 4 tropical cyclone on the SSHS according to the JTWC.[44] Late on the same day, the IMD reported that the system had grown stronger than Cyclone Phet becoming the Strongest strom of the year.[45] According to the news, the Cyclone hit land late on October 22, at Kyaukphyu, Arakan, Myanmar.[46] Late on October 22, Giri weakened into a Severe Cyclonic Storm.[47] Early on October 23, Giri further weakened into a Cyclonic Storm.[48] Later the same day, Giri continued to weaken and became a depression.[49] The depression continued to weaken until it decayed into a remnant low late on October 23.[50] Early on October 24, the remnants of Giri were completely absorbed by a non-tropical low near the Himalayas.

Severe Cyclonic Storm Jal

Severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration November 1 (entered basin) – November 8
Intensity 110 km/h (70 mph) (3-min), 988 mbar (hPa)
Main article: Cyclone Jal

On October 12, a disturbance formed in the South China Sea, just off the eastern coast of Borneo. During the next few days, the system entered the border of the east Indian Ocean and intensified slightly.[51] As soon as the system entered the eastern border of the Bay of Bengal, which was on November 1, the IMD immediately upgraded the disturbance into a depression, because the system had already organized itself on October 31, which was a day before the system entered the IMD's area of responsibility.[52] Later on November 1, the system began showing signs of further, but slow organization, as the system continued moving west slowly.[53] on November 2, the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) also issued their first advisory on the system, and simply called it Depression.[54] Later on that day, the IMD reported that the system had weakened into a low pressure area, but they forecasted it to become a depression soon again.[55] Late on November 3, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert on the system.[56] Early on November 4, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded the area of low pressure to a depression giving it the designation "BOB 05".[57] That day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 05B.[58] Early on November 5, the IMD upgraded Depression BOB 05 to a deep depression.[59] Later, the deep depression strengthened further, prompting the IMD to upgrade it to a cyclonic storm, and was named "Jal."[60] The storm continued to grow and became a severe cyclonic storm by November 6.[61] Soon afterwards, it was upgraded to a Category 1 Tropical Cyclone by the JTWC.[62] On November 7, Jal started weakening.[63] Soon afterwards, the IMD reported that Jal weakened into a Cyclonic Storm.[64] Later that day, the JTWC downgraded Jal into a Tropical storm.[65] Late on the same day, the IMD reported that the storm weakened into a Deep Depression.[66] As a deep depression, the system made landfall at Chennai, a few hours later.[67] The system continued to weaken and became a depression by early hours of November 8.[68] The depression continued to weaken until it dissipated into a remnant low on the same day.[69] On that very same day the IMD said that there was a possibility of Jal's remnants regenerating over the north east Arabian Sea.[70] And as the IMD said, the system moved into the Arabian sea without weakening by early November 9th.[71] But instead of crossing the Arabian Sea, the system moved north along the western coast of India, restrengthening slightly, but not enough for it to regenerate completely. Within a few hours, the storm started moving inland, due to the prevailing winds. The system rapidly weakened as it moved farther inland over the next few days, causing severe flooding along the way. Early on November 12, the remnants of Cyclone Jal were completely absorbed by a non-tropical low over the Himalayas.

Depression BOB 06

Depression (IMD)
Duration December 7 – December 8
Intensity 45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min), 1000 mbar (hPa)

In early December, a low pressure area formed over the Bay of Bengal. The low pressure area moved towards the Indian coast and became more well marked. On December 7, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded the area of low pressure to a depression giving it the designation "BOB 06". At that time it was located approximately 450 kilometres (280 mi) south-southwest of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.[72] Until December 8, the depression moved northwestwards and made landfall at Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India where it dissipated into a remnant low soon after the landfall.[73][74]

Season effects

This is a table of all storms in the 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, durations, peak intensities(according to the IMD storm scale), landfall(s), damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect(an example of an indirect death would be a landslide or traffic accident), but are still related to that storm. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 2010 USD.

2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone statistics
Storm name Active dates Storm category

at peak intensity

 Max

wind

(mph)

 Min.

press.

(mbar)

 Landfall(s) Damage

(millions

USD)

 Deaths
Where When Wind

(mph)
Laila May 17 – May 21 Severe cyclonic storm 65 986 Baptla, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India May 20 65 117.49 65
Bandu May 19 – May 23 Cyclonic storm 50 994 none None 1
Phet May 30 – June 7 Very severe cyclonic storm 90 970 Oman Desert, Oman June 4 90 780 44
Thatta District, Sindh, Pakistan June 6 35
BOB 02 October 7 – October 9 Depression 30 996 Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India (direct hit, no landfall) October 7 30 Minimal 17
Paradip, Jagatsinghpur district, Orissa, India October 7 30
Kolkata, West Bengal, India October 8 25
BOB 03 October 13 – October 16 Deep depression 35 995 Gopalpur, Orissa, India October 16 35 Minimal None
Giri October 20 – October 23 Very severe cyclonic storm 105 950 Kyaukphyu, Rakhine, Myanmar October 22 105 359 157
Jal November 1 – November 8 Severe cyclonic storm 70 988 Phuket Province, Thailand (direct hit, no landfall) November 4 30 391.55 117
Nicobar Islands, India (direct hit, no landfall) November 4 30
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India November 7 35
BOB 06 December 7 – December 8 Depression 30 1000 Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India December 8 30 Minimal None
Season Aggregates
8 cyclones May 17 – December 8   105 950 8 landfalls 1,648.04 401

Storm names

Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached Cyclonic Storm intensity with winds of 65 km/h (40 mph). The names were selected by members of the ESCAP/WMO panel on Tropical Cyclones between 2000 and May 2004, before the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in New Delhi started to assign names in September 2004. There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin, from the Western Pacific then it will retain its original name. Five tropical cyclones have been named Laila, Bandu, Phet, Giri, and Jal on reaching Cyclonic Storm status by the IMD.

See also

Cyclone Catarina from the ISS on March 26 2004.JPG Tropical cyclones portal
  • List of North Indian cyclone seasons
  • 2010 Atlantic hurricane season
  • 2010 Pacific hurricane season
  • 2010 Pacific typhoon season
  • South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 2009-10 2010–11
  • Australian region cyclone seasons: 2009-10 2010–11
  • South Pacific cyclone seasons: 2009-10 2010–11
  • South Atlantic tropical cyclone

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External links

v · d · e2010–19 North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
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Tropical cyclones of the 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
IMD Tropical Cyclone Intensity scale
D DD CS SCS VSC SC
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