Benzylpenicillin

Benzylpenicillin
Penicillin G
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(2S,5R,6R)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-(2-phenylacetamido)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
MedlinePlus a685013
Pregnancy cat. B(US)
Legal status Prescription only
Routes parenteral
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding 60 %
Metabolism hepatic
Half-life 30 min
Excretion renal
Identifiers
CAS number 61-33-6 YesY (free acid)
69-57-8 (sodium salt)
ATC code J01CE01 S01AA14 QJ51CE01
PubChem CID 5904
DrugBank DB01053
ChemSpider 5693 YesY
UNII Q42T66VG0C YesY
KEGG D02336 N
ChEBI CHEBI:18208 N
ChEMBL CHEMBL29 N
Chemical data
Formula C16H18N2O4S 
Mol. mass 334.4 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
 N(what is this?)  (verify)

Benzylpenicillin, commonly known as penicillin G, is the gold standard type of penicillin. 'G' in the name 'Penicillin G' refers to 'Gold Standard'. Penicillin G is typically given by a parenteral route of administration (not orally) because it is unstable in the hydrochloric acid of the stomach. Because the drug is given parenterally, higher tissue concentrations of penicillin G can be achieved than is possible with phenoxymethylpenicillin. These higher concentrations translate to increased antibacterial activity.

Contents

Medical uses

Specific indications for benzylpenicillin include:[1]

Adverse effects

Adverse affect can include hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria, fever, joint pains, rashes, angioedema, anaphylaxis, serum sickness-like reaction. Rarely CNS toxicity including convulsions (especially with high doses or in severe renal impairment), interstitial nephritis, haemolytic anaemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and coagulation disorders. Also reported diarrhoea (including antibiotic-associated colitis).

Toxicology

Benzylpenicillin serum concentrations can be monitored either by traditional microbiological assay or by more modern chromatographic techniques. Such measurements can be useful to avoid central nervous system toxicity in any patient receiving large doses of the drug on a chronic basis, but they are especially relevant to patients with renal failure, who may accumulate the drug due to reduced urinary excretion rates.[2][3]

Compendial status

References

  1. ^ Rossi S, editor, ed (2006). Australian Medicines Handbook. Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook. ISBN 0-9757919-2-3. 
  2. ^ Fossieck B Jr, Parker RH. Neurotoxicity during intravenous infusion of penicillin. A review. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 14: 504- 512, 1974.
  3. ^ R. Baselt, Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 8th edition, Biomedical Publications, Foster City, CA, 2008, pp. 1195-1196.
  4. ^ British Pharmacopoeia Commission Secretariat. "Index (BP 2009)". http://www.pharmacopoeia.co.uk/pdf/2009_index.pdf. Retrieved 26 March 2010. 

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Benzylpenicillin — См. Бензилпенициллин (Источник: «Словарь терминов микробиологии») …   Словарь микробиологии

  • Benzylpenicillin — Strukturformel Allgemeines Freiname Benzylpenicillin Andere Namen …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • benzylpenicillin — ben·zyl·pen·i·cil·lin (bĕn zĭl pĕn ĭ sĭlʹĭn) n. See penicillin G. * * * …   Universalium

  • benzylpenicillin — noun A narrow spectrum penicillin antibiotic. Syn: penicillin G …   Wiktionary

  • benzylpenicillin — SYN: penicillin G. * * * ben·zyl·pen·i·cil·lin ben .zēl (.)pen ə sil ən, zəl n PENICILLIN G * * * n. see penicillin * * * ben·zyl·pen·i·cil·lin (ben″zəl pen″ĭ silґin) INN and BAN for …   Medical dictionary

  • benzylpenicillin — ben·zyl·penicillin …   English syllables

  • benzylpenicillin — n.; see penicillin …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • benzylpenicillin — noun the penicillin that constitutes the principal component of many commercial antibiotics • Syn: ↑penicillin G • Hypernyms: ↑penicillin * * * |benzə̇l, (ˌ)zēl+ noun Etymology: benzyl + penicillin : penicillin 2b …   Useful english dictionary

  • Бензилпенициллин (Benzylpenicillin) — см. Пенициллин. Источник: Медицинский словарь …   Медицинские термины

  • benzathine benzylpenicillin — noun An alternative name for benzathine penicillin …   Wiktionary

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