Chthonius

In Greek mythology, the name Chthonius or Chthonios (Χθόνιος "of the earth or underworld") may refer to:

• One of the five surviving Spartoi in Thebes, father of Lycus and Nycteus^[1][2][3][4] (but see Hyrieus).

• One of the sons of Aegyptus and Caliadne, who married and was killed by Bryce, daughter of Danaus and Polyxo^[5].

• Son of Poseidon and Syme, who founded the first colony on the island of Syme, which was named after his mother^[6].

• A Centaur, who was killed by Nestor at the wedding of Pirithous and Hippodamia^[7].

• One of the Gigantes^[8].

• An epithet of several major gods^[9], including Zeus^[10], Hades^[11][12], Hermes^{[13][14][15][16][17]}, and Dionysus^[18][19][20]. See Chthonia for goddesses bearing the feminine version of the epithet.

References

1. ^ Apollodorus, Bibliotheca, 3. 4. 1 & 3. 5. 5
2. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 9. 5. 3
3. ^ Hyginus, Fabulae, 178
4. ^ Scholia on Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica, 1179 & 1186
5. ^ Apollodorus, Bibliotheca, 2. 1. 5
6. ^ Diodorus Siculus, Library of History, 5. 53. 1
7. ^ Ovid, Metamorphoses, 12. 441
8. ^ Nonnus, Dionysiaca, 48. 21
9. ^ Psyche: the cult of souls and the belief in immortality among the Greeks. By Erwin Rohde. Page 159 ISBN 0415225639
10. ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 2. 2. 8 (in Corinth), 5. 14. 8 (in Olympia)
11. ^ Hesiod, Theogony, 767
12. ^ Euripides, Alcestis, 237; Andromache, 544
13. ^ Aeschylus, Libation-Bearers, 1, 118, 708; Persians, 626, 639
14. ^ Sophocles, Electra, 111; Ajax, 832
15. ^ Euripides, Alcestis, 743
16. ^ Aristophanes, Frogs, 1126, 1138, 1145
17. ^ Orphic Hymn 57
18. ^ Nonnus, Dionysiaca, 31. 144
19. ^ Orphic Hymn 53. 1
20. ^ Suda s. v. Zagreus