Chief Ministers in Malaysia

Malaysia

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The Menteri Besar (literally "Great Minister" in Malay) is the chief executive of the state government for states in Malaysia with hereditary rulers. For states without a monarch, the title Chief Minister (Ketua Menteri) is used. The title 'Menteri Besar' is usually untranslated in the English media in Malaysia,^[1] but is typically translated as 'Chief Minister' by foreign media.^[2]

According to protocol, all Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers are styled Yang Amat Berhormat (abbreviated Y.A.B.), which means "The Most Honourable".

History

In most states within Malaysia, the office was created by the British colonial government in 1948, in tandem with the creation of the Federation of Malaya. However, it was Johor which became the first state to create the Menteri Besar position as subject to Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor (Johor State Constitution) enforced by Sultan Abu Bakar which made Johor the first Malay state to adopt the constitutional monarchy system. After the country achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1957, the office became elective, with the leader of the biggest party in the state legislative assemblies assuming that post.

List of current Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers

The following is a table of Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers of each state:

State	Office	Officeholder	Party	Took office
Johor	Menteri Besar	Abdul Ghani Othman	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	01995-05-06 May 6, 1995
Kedah	Menteri Besar	Azizan Abdul Razak	Pakatan Rakyat (PAS)	02008-03-09 March 9, 2008
Kelantan	Menteri Besar	Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat	Pakatan Rakyat (PAS)	01990-10-22 October 22, 1990
Malacca	Chief Minister	Mohd Ali Rustam	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	01999-12-03 December 3, 1999
Negeri Sembilan	Menteri Besar	Mohamad Hassan	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	02004-03-25 March 25, 2004
Pahang	Menteri Besar	Adnan Yaakob	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	01995-05-25 May 25, 1995
Penang	Chief Minister	Lim Guan Eng	Pakatan Rakyat (DAP)	02008-03-11 March 11, 2008
Perak	Menteri Besar	Zambry Abdul Kadir	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	02009-05-12 May 12, 2009
Perlis	Menteri Besar	Md Isa Sabu	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	02008-03-17 March 17, 2008
Sabah	Chief Minister	Musa Aman	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	02003-03-04 March 4, 2003
Sarawak	Chief Minister	Abdul Taib Mahmud	Barisan Nasional (PBB)	01981-03-26 March 26, 1981
Selangor	Menteri Besar	Abdul Khalid Ibrahim	Pakatan Rakyat (PKR)	02008-03-13 March 13, 2008
Terengganu	Menteri Besar	Ahmad Said	Barisan Nasional (UMNO)	02008-03-25 March 25, 2008

References

1. ^ The following are examples of the use of Menteri Besar in
   • State media: "Badrul Hisham To Be Referred to Rights Committee After Sarawak Election: MB". Bernama. 2011-04-12. http://www.bernama.com.my/bernama/v5/newsindex.php?id=578535. Retrieved 2011-04-12. 
   • Newspapers: Lim, Louisa (2011-04-09). "That Effing Show: New twist to comedy". The Star (Malaysia). http://thestar.com.my/lifestyle/story.asp?file=/2011/4/9/lifefocus/8383277&sec=lifefocus. Retrieved 2011-04-12. 
   • Internet news: Spykerman, Neville (2010-07-08). "Khalid remains Selangor Pakatan chief, says Anwar". The Malaysian Insider. http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/khalid-remains-selangor-pakatan-chief-says-anwar/. Retrieved 2011-04-12. 
   Distinction between Menteri Besar and Chief Minister in the same article:
   • "Why Old Timers in Opposition Have Not Stepped Down, Asks Shafie". Bernama. 2011-04-09. http://www.bernama.com.my/bernama/v5/newsindex.php?id=577769. Retrieved 2011-04-12. 
   • Plural form: "Najib Chairs 108th Meeting Of Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers". Bernama. 2011-02-09. http://www.bernama.com/bernama/v5/newsgeneral.php?id=474426. Retrieved 2011-04-20. 
2. ^ Examples of the use of Chief Minister in place of Menteri Besar by non-local media:
   • "Cleric: Women's Sexy Clothing Distracting Muslim Men From Sleep, Prayers". Fox News. 2007-10-31. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,306658,00.html. Retrieved 2011-04-12. 
   • Brown, Kevin (2010-08-23). "Malaysia looks to ancient alternative currency – gold". Financial Times. http://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2010/08/13/malaysia-looks-to-ancient-alternative-currency-gold/. Retrieved 2011-04-12. 

External links

• List of Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers at the Prime Minister's Department